Measurements of Cytochrome c-Cytochrome aa3 Complex Formation by Aqueous Two-Phase Partition

1978 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1274-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
LARS CHR. PETERSEN
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Complex Formation ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Cytochrome Aa3 ◽  
Phase Partition ◽  
Two Phase Partition

The application of aqueous two-phase partition to the study of chick limb mesenchymal diversification

Development ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-275
Author(s):  
C. P. Cottrill ◽  
Paul T. Sharpe ◽  
Lewis Wolpert
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Limb Development ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Proximal Region ◽  
Limb Bud ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Phase Partition ◽  
Surface Character ◽  
Two Phase Partition

A technique which identifies cells differing in surface character, aqueous two-phase partition using thin-layer countercurrent distribution (TLCCD), has been used to study differentiation and pattern formation in the developing chick limb bud. The TLCCD profiles of cell populations, derived from various regions of morphologically undifferentiated mesenchyme from three different stages of limb development, have been compared. At no stage, or location, has the population been found to be homogeneous. Cells from progress zones and more proximal regions could all be resolved into several populations. The populations from progress zones at three different developmental stages were qualitatively similar but differed in the proportions of cells in each. The most striking differences in cell populations were those obtained from the most proximal region of the limb, closest to the flank, which represents the developmentally most advanced region.

scholarly journals The effect of complex-formation with polyanions on the redox properties of cytochrome c

1980 ◽  
Vol 192 (2) ◽  
pp. 687-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
L C Petersen ◽  
R P Cox
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Complex Formation ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Stable Complex ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low Ionic Strength ◽  
Positively Charged

1. The stable complex formed between mammalian cytochrome c and phosvitin at low ionic strength was studied by partition in an aqueous two-phase system. Oxidized cytochrome c binds to phosvitin with a higher affinity than reduced cytochrome c. The difference was equivalent to a decrease of the redox potential by 22 mV on binding. 2. Complex-formation with phosvitin strongly inhibited the reaction of cytochrome c with reagents that react as negatively charged species, such as ascorbate, dithionite, ferricyanide and tetrachlorobenzoquinol. Reaction with uncharged reagents such as NNN‘N’-tetramethylphenylenediamine and the reduced form of the N-methylphenazonium ion (present as the methylsulphate) was little affected by complex-formation, whereas oxidation of the reduced cytochrome by the positively charged tris-(phenanthroline)cobalt(III) ion was greatly stimulated. 3. A similar pattern of inhibition and stimulation of reaction rates was observed when phosvitin was replaced by other macromolecular polyanions such as dextran sulphate and heparin, indicating that the results were a general property of complex-formation with polyanions. A weaker but qualitatively similar effect was observed on addition of inositol hexaphosphate and ATP. 4. It is suggested that the effects of complex-formation with polyanions on the reactivity of cytochrome c with redox reagents are mainly the result of replacing the positive charge on the free cytochrome by a net negative charge. Any steric effects on polyanion binding are small in comparison with such electrostatic effects.

Isolation of rat liver lysosomes by a single two-phase partition on dextran/polyethylene glycol

1990 ◽  
Vol 185 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Osada ◽  
Hortensia Aylagas ◽  
José Sánchez-Prieto ◽  
Immaculada Sánchez-Vegazo ◽  
Evangelina Palacios-Alaiz
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Phase Partition ◽  
Liver Lysosomes ◽  
Two Phase Partition ◽  
Rat Liver Lysosomes
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