scholarly journals Effect of Taraxacum officinale extract on PI3K/Akt pathway in DMBA-induced breast cancer in albino rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abdo Nassan ◽  
Mohamed Mohamed Soliman ◽  
Shimaa Ahmed Ismail ◽  
Samir El-Shazly
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Breast Cancer Growth ◽  
Excessive Proliferation

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent types of cancer and a leading cause of death in women. Materials and methods: An experimental model of breast cancer was induced in female albino rats using single intragastric dose of 7, 12 dimethylbenz (α) anthracene (DMBA) in sesame oil (50 mg/kg b.wt). Four months after DMBA administration, incidence of breast cancer was confirmed by measuring cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) serum levels. Taraxacum officinale ssp. officinale root extract (TOE) was administered in a dose of 500 mg/kg by oral gavage for 4 weeks after breast cancer incidence. Level of CA15-3 as one of the best known breast tumor markers was elevated in all positive breast cancer rats. The genetic effects of TOE on Pdk1–Akt1–Pik3r1–Map3k1–Erbb2–PIk3ca using semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis were evaluated. In parallel, histopathological changes and immunohistochemical expression of Bcl2 in mammary gland tissues were examined. Results: Level of CA15-3 was normalized in DMBA group administered TOE for 4 weeks. Administration of DMBA increased expression of Pdk1, Akt1, Pik3r1, Map3k1, Erbb2 and PIk3ca. Treatment with TOE normalized the up-regulated mRNA for all examined genes except Pik3ra that was up-regulated. Mammary gland tissues of DMBA group showed excessive proliferation of lining epithelium of acini and ductules with hyperchromatic nuclei with excessive immunostaining of Bcl2 in the proliferated epithelium that was ameliorated by TOE administration. In conclusion, TOE regulated PI3K and Akt pathways involved in suppression of breast cancer growth and proliferation. TOE is effective as anticancer herbal agent.

Correlation between Changes in Prolactin and Melatonin Serum Levels after Radical Mastectomy

1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Lissoni ◽  
Franco Paolorossi ◽  
Sandro Barni ◽  
Gabriele Tancini ◽  
Sergio Crispino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Axillary Node ◽  
Neoplastic Disease ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Node Involvement ◽  
Breast Cancer Growth ◽  
The Relationship

Both prolactin (PRL) and melatonin (MLT) (the most important pineal hormone) have been shown to play a role in regulating breast cancer growth. The present study was carried out to investigate the relationship between PRL and MLT secretions in human breast cancer. Twenty-four women with breast cancer, at clinical stage T1-2 N0-2 M0, were evaluated before and after radical mastectomy. As controls, 14 women who underwent surgery for reasons other than neoplastic disease were included in the study. PRL and MLT serum levels were measured by RIA before and 15 days after surgery. There were no significant differences in mean PRL serum levels between patients and controls; mean MLT serum values were significantly higher in patients than in controls. In no control subject was PRL affected by surgery. In contrast, 13/24 breast cancer women showed high PRL levels after mastectomy; the PRL rise induced by surgery was significantly higher in patients without axillary node involvement. MLT was not affected by mastectomy in 13 patients, whereas it was enhanced in 5 women and decreased in the last 6 cases. No significant correlation was seen between PRL and MLT changes induced by mastectomy. The present study shows that radical mastectomy influences PRL and MLT secretions, however, its clinical significance remains to be established.

scholarly journals Progesterone and Overlooked Endocrine Pathways in Breast Cancer Pathogenesis

Endocrinology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 156 (10) ◽  
pp. 3442-3450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathrin Brisken ◽  
Kathryn Hess ◽  
Rachel Jeitziner
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Mammary Gland Development ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Hormone Receptor Positive ◽  
Gland Development

Worldwide, breast cancer incidence has been increasing for decades. Exposure to reproductive hormones, as occurs with recurrent menstrual cycles, affects breast cancer risk, and can promote disease progression. Exogenous hormones and endocrine disruptors have also been implicated in increasing breast cancer incidence. Numerous in vitro studies with hormone-receptor-positive cell lines have provided insights into the complexities of hormone receptor signaling at the molecular level; in vivo additional layers of complexity add on to this. The combined use of mouse genetics and tissue recombination techniques has made it possible to disentangle hormone action in vivo and revealed that estrogens, progesterone, and prolactin orchestrate distinct developmental stages of mammary gland development. The 2 ovarian steroids that fluctuate during menstrual cycles act on a subset of mammary epithelial cells, the hormone-receptor-positive sensor cells, which translate and amplify the incoming systemic signals into local, paracrine stimuli. Progesterone has emerged as a major regulator of cell proliferation and stem cell activation in the adult mammary gland. Two progesterone receptor targets, receptor activator of NfκB ligand and Wnt4, serve as downstream paracrine mediators of progesterone receptor-induced cell proliferation and stem cell activation, respectively. Some of the findings in the mouse have been validated in human ex vivo models and by next-generation whole-transcriptome sequencing on healthy donors staged for their menstrual cycles. The implications of these insights into the basic control mechanisms of mammary gland development for breast carcinogenesis and the possible role of endocrine disruptors, in particular bisphenol A in this context, will be discussed below.

Combined Treatment with Exendin-4 and Metformin Attenuates Breast Cancer Growth

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1227-P
Author(s):  
CHIKAYO IWAYA ◽  
TAKASHI NOMIYAMA ◽  
TAKAKO KAWANAMI ◽  
YURIKO HAMAGUCHI ◽  
TOMOKO TANAKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Cancer Growth ◽  
Breast Cancer Growth
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