scholarly journals Characteristics of physiological inducers of the ethanol utilization (alc) pathway in Aspergillus nidulans

2002 ◽  
Vol 364 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel FLIPPHI ◽  
Janina KOCIALKOWSKA ◽  
Béatrice FELENBOK
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Carbonyl Compound ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Side Group ◽  
Primary Alcohols ◽  
Aliphatic Aldehydes ◽  
Aldehydes And Ketones ◽  
Aliphatic Substituent ◽  
Carbonyl Function

The ethanol utilization (alc) pathway in Aspergillus nidulans is one of the strongest expressed gene systems in filamentous fungi. The pathway-specific activator AlcR requires the presence of an inducing compound to activate transcription of genes under its control. We have demonstrated recently that acetaldehyde is the sole physiological inducer of ethanol catabolism. In the present study we show that compounds with catabolism related to that of ethanol, i.e. primary alcohols, primary monoamines and l-threonine, act as inducers because their breakdown results in the production of inducing aliphatic aldehydes. Such aldehydes were shown to induce the alc genes efficiently at low external concentrations. When ethanol is mixed with representatives of another class of strong direct inducers, ketones, the physiological inducer, acetaldehyde, prevails as effector. Although direct inducers essentially carry a carbonyl function, not all aldehydes and ketones act as inducers. Structural features discriminating non-inducing from inducing compounds concern: (i) the length of the aliphatic side group(s); (ii) the presence and nature of any non-aliphatic substituent. These characteristics enable us to predict whether or not a given carbonyl compound will induce the alc genes.

ChemInform Abstract: CATALYTIC HYDROGENATION OF ALIPHATIC ALDEHYDES AND KETONES INTO ALCOHOLS

1979 ◽  
Vol 10 (48) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. BASHKIROV ◽  
L. S. GLEBOV ◽  
G. A. KLIGER ◽  
O. A. LESIK ◽  
E. V. MARCHEVSKAYA
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Hydrogenation ◽  
Aliphatic Aldehydes ◽  
Aldehydes And Ketones

The McLafferty rearrangement in aliphatic aldehydes and ketones—a previously unconsidered mechanistic pathway

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 683-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Gerrard ◽  
R. L. Hale ◽  
R. Liedtke ◽  
William H. Faul ◽  
Charles Allan Brown
Keyword(s):  
Aliphatic Aldehydes ◽  
Mclafferty Rearrangement ◽  
Mechanistic Pathway ◽  
Aldehydes And Ketones

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis of Recombinant Protein Secretion by Aspergillus nidulans and the Unfolded-Protein Response In Vivo

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 2737-2747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew H. Sims ◽  
Manda E. Gent ◽  
Karin Lanthaler ◽  
Nigel S. Dunn-Coleman ◽  
Stephen G. Oliver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Unfolded Protein Response ◽  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Protein Secretion ◽  
Unfolded Protein ◽  
The Unfolded Protein Response ◽  
Protein Response

ABSTRACT Filamentous fungi have a high capacity for producing large amounts of secreted proteins, a property that has been exploited for commercial production of recombinant proteins. However, the secretory pathway, which is key to the production of extracellular proteins, is rather poorly characterized in filamentous fungi compared to yeast. We report the effects of recombinant protein secretion on gene expression levels in Aspergillus nidulans by directly comparing a bovine chymosin-producing strain with its parental wild-type strain in continuous culture by using expressed sequence tag microarrays. This approach demonstrated more subtle and specific changes in gene expression than those observed when mimicking the effects of protein overproduction by using a secretion blocker. The impact of overexpressing a secreted recombinant protein more closely resembles the unfolded-protein response in vivo.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic, Protein-DNA Interaction, and Metabolomic Studies of VosA, VelB, and WetA in Aspergillus nidulans Asexual Spores

mBio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Yueh Wu ◽  
Matthew E. Mead ◽  
Mi-Kyung Lee ◽  
George F. Neuhaus ◽  
Donovon A. Adpressa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Secondary Metabolism ◽  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Genetic Regulatory Networks ◽  
Asexual Development ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Metabolic Remodeling

ABSTRACT In filamentous fungi, asexual development involves cellular differentiation and metabolic remodeling leading to the formation of intact asexual spores. The development of asexual spores (conidia) in Aspergillus is precisely coordinated by multiple transcription factors (TFs), including VosA, VelB, and WetA. Notably, these three TFs are essential for the structural and metabolic integrity, i.e., proper maturation, of conidia in the model fungus Aspergillus nidulans. To gain mechanistic insight into the complex regulatory and interdependent roles of these TFs in asexual sporogenesis, we carried out multi-omics studies on the transcriptome, protein-DNA interactions, and primary and secondary metabolism employing A. nidulans conidia. RNA sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing analyses have revealed that the three TFs directly or indirectly regulate the expression of genes associated with heterotrimeric G-protein signal transduction, mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, spore wall formation and structural integrity, asexual development, and primary/secondary metabolism. In addition, metabolomics analyses of wild-type and individual mutant conidia indicate that these three TFs regulate a diverse array of primary metabolites, including those in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, certain amino acids, and trehalose, and secondary metabolites such as sterigmatocystin, emericellamide, austinol, and dehydroaustinol. In summary, WetA, VosA, and VelB play interdependent, overlapping, and distinct roles in governing morphological development and primary/secondary metabolic remodeling in Aspergillus conidia, leading to the production of vital conidia suitable for fungal proliferation and dissemination. IMPORTANCE Filamentous fungi produce a vast number of asexual spores that act as efficient propagules. Due to their infectious and/or allergenic nature, fungal spores affect our daily life. Aspergillus species produce asexual spores called conidia; their formation involves morphological development and metabolic changes, and the associated regulatory systems are coordinated by multiple transcription factors (TFs). To understand the underlying global regulatory programs and cellular outcomes associated with conidium formation, genomic and metabolomic analyses were performed in the model fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Our results show that the fungus-specific WetA/VosA/VelB TFs govern the coordination of morphological and chemical developments during sporogenesis. The results of this study provide insights into the interdependent, overlapping, or distinct genetic regulatory networks necessary to produce intact asexual spores. The findings are relevant for other Aspergillus species such as the major human pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus and the aflatoxin producer Aspergillus flavus.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Caspofungin against Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terreus, and Aspergillus nidulans

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 4202-4205 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Bowman ◽  
G. K. Abruzzo ◽  
A. M. Flattery ◽  
C. J. Gill ◽  
E. J. Hickey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Aspergillus Terreus ◽  
Potent Inhibitor ◽  
Murine Models ◽  
Glucan Synthase ◽  
Fungal Burden

ABSTRACT The echinocandin caspofungin is a potent inhibitor of the activity of 1,3-β-d-glucan synthase from Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terreus, and Aspergillus nidulans. In murine models of disseminated infection, caspofungin prolonged survival and reduced the kidney fungal burden. Caspofungin was at least as effective as amphotericin B against these filamentous fungi in vivo.

scholarly journals Aspergillus nidulans ArfB Plays a Role in Endocytosis and Polarized Growth

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1278-1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Chan Lee ◽  
Sabrina N. Schmidtke ◽  
Lawrence J. Dangott ◽  
Brian D. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Small Gtpase ◽  
Polarized Growth ◽  
Sequence Alignments ◽  
Green Fluorescent

ABSTRACT Filamentous fungi undergo polarized growth throughout most of their life cycles. The Spitzenkörper is an apical organelle composed primarily of vesicles that is unique to filamentous fungi and is likely to act as a vesicle supply center for tip growth. Vesicle assembly and trafficking are therefore important for hyphal growth. ADP ribosylation factors (Arfs), a group of small GTPase proteins, play an important role in nucleating vesicle assembly. Little is known about the role of Arfs in filamentous hyphal growth. We found that Aspergillus nidulans is predicted to encode six Arf family proteins. Analysis of protein sequence alignments suggests that A. nidulans ArfB shares similarity with ARF6 of Homo sapiens and Arf3p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. An arfB null allele (arfB disrupted by a transposon [arfB::Tn]) was characterized by extended isotropic growth of germinating conidia followed by cell lysis or multiple, random germ tube emergence, consistent with a failure to establish polarity. The mutant germ tubes and hyphae that do form initially meander abnormally off of the axis of polarity and frequently exhibit dichotomous branching at cell apices, consistent with a defect in polarity maintenance. FM4-64 staining of the arfB::Tn strain revealed that another phenotypic characteristic seen for arfB::Tn is a reduction and delay in endocytosis. ArfB is myristoylated at its N terminus. Green fluorescent protein-tagged ArfB (ArfB::GFP) localizes to the plasma membrane and endomembranes and mutation (ArfBG2A::GFP) of the N-terminal myristoylation motif disperses the protein to the cytoplasm rather than to the membranes. These results demonstrate that ArfB functions in endocytosis to play important roles in polarity establishment during isotropic growth and polarity maintenance during hyphal extension.

Concentrations of some aliphatic aldehydes and ketones found in raw and roasted spanish and runner peanuts

1973 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
David F. Brown ◽  
Vincent J. Senn ◽  
F. G. Dollear ◽  
L. A. Goldblatt
Keyword(s):  
Aliphatic Aldehydes ◽  
Aldehydes And Ketones
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