scholarly journals Latexin, a carboxypeptidase A inhibitor, is expressed in rat peritoneal mast cells and is associated with granular structures distinct from secretory granules and lysosomes

2000 ◽  
Vol 346 (3) ◽  
pp. 817-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiko URATANI ◽  
Keiko TAKIGUCHI-HAYASHI ◽  
Nobuhiko MIYASAKA ◽  
Michio SATO ◽  
Ming-hao JIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Carboxypeptidase A ◽  
Unique Type ◽  
Peritoneal Mast Cells ◽  
Neural Tissues ◽  
Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells ◽  
Silica Gel Particles ◽  
Rat Mast Cells

Latexin, a protein possessing inhibitory activity against rat carboxypeptidase A1 (CPA1) and CPA2, is expressed in a neuronal subset in the cerebral cortex and cells in other neural and non-neural tissues of rat. Although latexin also inhibits mast-cell CPA (MCCPA), the expression of latexin in rat mast cells has not previously been confirmed. In the present study we examined the expression and subcellular localization of latexin in rat peritoneal mast cells. Western blot and reverse-transcriptase-mediated PCR analyses showed that latexin was contained and expressed in the rat peritoneal mast cells. Immunocytochemically, latexin immunofluorescence was localized on granular structures distinct from MCCPA-, histamine- or cathepsin D-immunopositive granules. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that latexin was associated with a minority population of granules. The latexin-associated granules were separated from MCCPA- or histamine-containing granules on a self-generating density gradient of polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated silica-gel particles (Percoll). Treatments with high ionic strength and heparinase released latexin from the granules, suggesting that latexin is non-covalently associated with a heparin-like component of the granules. MCCPA and histamine were released from the mast cells after non-immunological and immunological stimulation with compound 48/80, A23187 and anti-IgE antibody, whereas latexin was not released. These results show that latexin is synthesized in rat peritoneal mast cells and suggest that it is associated with a unique type of intracellular granules distinct from MCCPA- and histamine-containing secretory granules and lysosomes.

scholarly journals Latexin, a carboxypeptidase A inhibitor, is expressed in rat peritoneal mast cells and is associated with granular structures distinct from secretory granules and lysosomes

2000 ◽  
Vol 346 (3) ◽  
pp. 817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiko URATANI ◽  
Keiko TAKIGUCHI-HAYASHI ◽  
Nobuhiko MIYASAKA ◽  
Michio SATO ◽  
Ming-hao JIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Carboxypeptidase A ◽  
Peritoneal Mast Cells ◽  
Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells

scholarly journals Immunocytochemical localization of histamine in secretory granules of rat peritoneal mast cells with conventional or rapid microwave fixation and an ultrastructural post-embedding immunogold technique.

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1247-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
G R Login ◽  
S J Galli ◽  
A M Dvorak
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Fixation Method ◽  
Structural Localization ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Aldehyde Fixation ◽  
Peritoneal Mast Cells ◽  
Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells

We used a post-embedding immunogold labeling approach to define the fine-structural localization of histamine in rat peritoneal mast cells that were fixed using either standard aldehyde fixation or a fast microwave-aldehyde fixation method. Specimens were processed routinely for electron microscopy. Thin sections were exposed first to guinea pig antihistamine antiserum and then to gold-conjugated goat IgG directed against guinea pig IgG. By transmission electron microscopy, gold particles were localized to the matrix of cytoplasmic granules. Control sections treated with non-immune sera did not show labeling of mast cells. Adsorption of antihistamine antiserum with purified histamine or histamine bound to agarose showed a significant reduction (p less than 0.005) in granule staining. We also confirmed that our isolation procedures yielded functionally competent mast cells which released histamine when stimulated with sheep anti-rat IgE antiserum or with compound 48/80. These studies define the conditions of fixation for electron microscopy that are appropriate for the localization of histamine in the granule matrix of rat peritoneal mast cells.

Exocytosis (Secretory Granule Extrusion) Induced by Injection of Calcium into Mast Cells

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 1001-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kanno ◽  
D. E. Cochrane ◽  
W. W. Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Secretory Granule ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Intracellular Concentration ◽  
General Requirement ◽  
Peritoneal Mast Cells ◽  
Direct Support ◽  
Ca Ions ◽  
Stimulus Secretion Coupling ◽  
Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells

Injection of Ca (but not Mg or K) through micropipettes placed within rat peritoneal mast cells elicited extrusion of secretory granules. The result is considered direct support for the view that a rise in the intracellular concentration of Ca ions suffices to induce exocytosis and accounts for the general requirement for Ca in stimulus–secretion coupling.

scholarly journals Patch-clamp measurements reveal multimodal distribution of granule sizes in rat mast cells.

1990 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 1033-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Alvarez de Toledo ◽  
J M Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Patch Clamp ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Surface Membrane ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Membrane Area ◽  
Peritoneal Mast Cells ◽  
Granule Membrane ◽  
Gamma S ◽  
Rat Mast Cells

Using patch-clamp techniques, we have followed the attributes of the secretory granules of peritoneal mast cells obtained from rats of different ages. The granule attributes were determined by following the step increases in the cell surface membrane area caused by the exocytosis of the granules in GTP gamma S stimulated mast cells. Our data show that the amount of granule membrane available for exocytosis depends exponentially on the weight (age) of the donor rat, reaching a maximum at approximately 300 g. The data are consistent with an exponential growth in the number of granules contained by mast cells of maturing animals. Histograms of the sizes of the step increases in surface area caused by exocytosis of the granules showed at least four equally spaced peaks of similar variance where the position of the first peak and the spacing between peaks averaged 1.3 +/- 0.4 micron2. In all cells recorded, no more than seven peaks could be found, the higher order peaks having a lower probability of occurrence. The distribution of granule sizes did not change measurably between young and adult animals. This study suggests that at least two separate steps may determine the size of a secretory granule: granule to granule fusion that may account for the subunit composition of granule sizes and traffic of microvesicles through the maturing granules that may account for the variance observed in the granule sizes. This study also demonstrates a novel way to study granulo-genesis in living cells.

scholarly journals DRY WEIGHT DETERMINATION OF SINGLE LYOPHILIZED MAST CELLS OF THE RAT

1966 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 519-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
BERTIL DIAMANT ◽  
O. H. LOWRY
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Peritoneal Mast Cells ◽  
Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells ◽  
Rat Mast Cells

Dry weight and fat-free dry weight determinations are presented for single lyophilized rat peritoneal mast cells together with an average value for the protein content. By combining these results with values in the literature for heparin, histamine and serotonin, it is possible to account for most of the dry weight of rat mast cells.

Immunocytochemical identification of immature rat peritoneal mast cells using a monoclonal antibody specific for rat mast cells

1997 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cloris D. Faraco ◽  
Itamar Vugman ◽  
Reuben P. Siraganian ◽  
Maria Celia Jamur ◽  
Constance Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Immature Rat ◽  
Peritoneal Mast Cells ◽  
Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells ◽  
Rat Mast Cells

scholarly journals Surface TLR2 and TLR4 Expression on Mature Rat Mast Cells Can Be Affected by Some Bacterial Components and Proinflammatory Cytokines

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Pietrzak ◽  
Maciej Wierzbicki ◽  
Magdalena Wiktorska ◽  
Ewa Brzezińska-Błaszczyk
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Tlr4 Expression ◽  
Cysteinyl Leukotriene ◽  
Peritoneal Mast Cells ◽  
Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells ◽  
Activation Conditions ◽  
Rat Mast Cells

The aim of our study was to determine whether some bacterial components as well as some proinflammatory cytokines can affect surface mast cell levels. By the use of flow cytometry technique, we documented that freshly isolated mature rat peritoneal mast cells do express surface TLR2 and TLR4 protein, but not CD14 molecules, and respond to stimulation with TLR2 and TLR4 ligands by cysteinyl leukotriene generation. The level of TLR2 protein is modulated by PGN and CCL5 treatment, but not by LPS, LAM, TNF, or IL-6. Surface mast cell TLR4 expression is affected by LPS, LAM, IL-6, and CCL5. Considering that TLR-mediated activation conditions not only engaged these cells in antibacterial defense and development of inflammation but also might influence allergic processes, our observations that surface TLR2 and TLR4 expression can be regulated both bacterial components and proinflammatory cytokines seem to be very intriguing and importance.

scholarly journals Effects of a Moderately Lower Temperature on the Proliferation and Degranulation of Rat Mast Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruoyu Wang ◽  
Xiaoqin Yin ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Jiwei Wang ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Effector Cells ◽  
Peritoneal Mast Cells ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells ◽  
Mast Cell Line ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Rat Mast Cells

Mast cells are traditionally considered as key effector cells in IgE-mediated allergic diseases. However, the roles of mast cells have also been implicated in diverse physiological and pathological processes. Mast cells are distributed in various organs and tissues of various species. Some of the organs and tissues, such as testis, skin, and the upper part of the respiratory tract, have a temperature that is lower than the body’s core temperature. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of a lower temperature on the proliferation and degranulation of rat mast cells. Here, we demonstrate that cell growth was retarded at 35°C compared to 37°C for both rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) and RBL-2H3, a rat mast cell line. Furthermore, RPMC became more susceptible to degranulation at 35°C compared to 37°C. In contrast, degranulation of RBL-2H3 was not as sensitive to temperature change as RPMC. The functionality of mast cells in unique organs with a lower temperature warrants further analysis.

scholarly journals Immunocytochemical Localization of Heparin in Secretory Granules of Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells Using a Monoclonal Anti-heparin Antibody (ST-1)1

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia M. Oliani ◽  
Edna Freymüller ◽  
Helio K. Takahashi ◽  
Anita H. Straus
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Sodium Periodate ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Immunogold Labeling ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Peritoneal Mast Cells ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells

We performed immunogold labeling with an ST-1 monoclonal antibody (IgM), specific for intact heparin, to define the subcellular localization of heparin in mast cells. Rat peritoneal mast cells were fixed by a modified Karnovsky method and embedded in Araldite. Ultrathin sections were first treated with sodium periodate and then sequentially incubated with MAb ST-1, rabbit anti-mouse IgM, and protein A-gold. By transmission electron microscopy, gold particles were localized inside cytoplasmic granules of peritoneal mast cells. In contrast, with the same procedure, no labeling was observed in mast cells from rat intestinal mucosa. Control sections of rat peritoneal or intestinal mucosa mast cells treated with an irrelevant MAb (IgM) did not show any labeling. Treatment with nitrous acid abolished the reactivity of MAb ST-1 with peritoneal mast cells. These results show that different mast cells can be identified regarding their heparin content by immunochemical procedures using MAb ST-1.

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