scholarly journals Expression of leptin and β3-adrenergic receptors in rat adipose tissue in altered thyroid states

1997 ◽  
Vol 322 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N. FAIN ◽  
Elizabeth C. CORONEL ◽  
Michael J. BEAUCHAMP ◽  
Suleiman W. BAHOUTH
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Receptor Mrna ◽  
Cl 316,243 ◽  
Altered Thyroid ◽  
Rat Adipose Tissue ◽  
Receptor Mrnas

The level of leptin [the obese (ob) gene product] mRNA is markedly elevated in hypothyroid male rats. The administration of tri-iodothyronine (T3) to hypothyroid rats resulted in a 40% decrease in leptin mRNA at 8 h. This decrease in leptin mRNA was associated with a parallel decline in circulating leptin levels of about 50% at 24 h. Conversely, β3-adrenergic receptor mRNA levels were markedly decreased in epididymal adipose tissue from hypothyroid rats. T3 administration resulted in a 147% increase at 12 h in β3-adrenergic receptor mRNA. There was a corresponding increase due to T3 in the lipolytic response to the specific β3-adrenergic agonist CL 316,243 that paralleled the increase in β3-adrenergic receptor mRNA. T3-mediated changes in leptin and β3-adrenergic receptor mRNAs were blocked by cycloheximide, suggesting the involvement of short-lived proteins in these effects. The present results indicate that T3 has opposite effects to those of insulin on the white adipose tissue of rats with respect to leptin mRNA expression.

Change in β1-adrenergic receptor protein concentration in adipose tissue correlates with diet-induced weight loss

2005 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mads RASMUSSEN ◽  
Anita BELZA ◽  
Thomas ALMDAL ◽  
Søren TOUBRO ◽  
Palle BRATHOLM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Receptor Mrna ◽  
Β2 Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Obese Subjects

The aim of the present study was to examine gene expression and protein concentrations of β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors in subcutaneous adipose tissue in obese subjects in response to weight loss. Eighteen obese subjects were studied during diet-induced weight loss. β-Adrenergic receptor mRNA levels were quantified by reverse transcription-PCR–HPLC. β-Adrenergic receptor protein concentrations were measured by Western blotting using fluorescence laser scanning for detection. Subjects lost 12.8±0.8 kg (mean±S.E.M.) during diet treatment. There was a 34% decrease in the β1-adrenergic receptor mRNA level (0.92±0.09 compared with 0.61±0.06 amol/μg of DNA; P<0.002). β2-Adrenergic receptor mRNA did not decrease significantly. β2-Adrenergic receptor protein concentration decreased 37% (25.5±7.1 compared with 16.0±5.6 arbitrary units/ng of DNA; P=0.008), whereas β1-adrenergic receptor protein concentration did not decrease significantly. The degree of weight loss was correlated with the concentration of β1-adrenergic receptor protein (r=0.65, P<0.003) and changes in receptor protein concentration (r=0.50, P=0.035) during the very-low-calorie diet. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates a relationship between β1-adrenergic receptor protein concentration in adipose tissue and the degree of weight loss. This relationship is not directly related to energy expenditure and deserves further investigation.

scholarly journals Down-regulation of β3-adrenergic receptor expression in rat adipose tissue during the fasted/fed transition: evidence for a role of insulin

1997 ◽  
Vol 323 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadija El HADRI ◽  
Christine CHARON ◽  
Jacques PAIRAULT ◽  
Sylvie HAUGUEL-DE MOUZON ◽  
Annie QUIGNARD-BOULANGÉ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Plasma Insulin Levels ◽  
Rat Adipose Tissue

The β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) exerts a central role in the transduction of catecholamine effects in white and brown adipose tissue (WAT and BAT). A recent report has documented that insulin strongly down-regulates β3-AR expression and catecholamine responsiveness in 3T3-F442A adipocytes [Fève, El Hadri, Quignard-Boulangé and Pairault (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 5677–5681]. In the present report we show that the rise in plasma insulin levels elicited by the fasted/fed transition is associated with a reduction in β3-AR mRNA levels and β-adrenergic responsiveness in WAT and BAT. β3-AR transcripts are also decreased in adipose tissue from animals subjected for 6 h to euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic glucose clamps. Moreover, insulin acts directly on cultured rat white and brown adipocytes to decrease β3-AR gene expression and adenylate cyclase activity in response to β3-AR-selective agonists. These results suggest that there is a close relationship between food intake, plasma insulin levels and β3-AR expression.

scholarly journals Changes in β1- and β2-adrenergic receptor mRNA levels in brown adipose tissue and heart of hypothyroid rats

1991 ◽  
Vol 277 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
J P Revelli ◽  
R Pescini ◽  
P Muzzin ◽  
J Seydoux ◽  
M G Fitzgerald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
State Level ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Displacement Experiments ◽  
Beta 2

The aim of the present work was to study the effect of hypothyroidism on the expression of the beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) in interscapular brown adipose tissue and heart. The total density of plasma membrane beta-AR per tissue is decreased by 44% in hypothyroid rat interscapular brown adipose tissue and by 55% in hypothyroid rat heart compared with euthyroid controls. The effects of hypothyroidism on the density of both beta 1- and beta 2-AR subtypes were also determined in competition displacement experiments. The densities of beta 1- and beta 2-AR per tissue are decreased by 50% and 48% respectively in interscapular brown adipose tissue and by 52% and 54% in the heart. Northern blot analysis of poly(A)+ RNA from hypothyroid rat interscapular brown adipose tissue demonstrated that the levels of beta 1- and beta 2-AR mRNA per tissue are decreased by 73% and 58% respectively, whereas in hypothyroid heart, only the beta 1-AR mRNA is decreased, by 43%. The effect of hypothyroidism on the beta 1-AR mRNA is significantly more marked in the interscapular brown adipose tissue than in the heart. These results indicate that beta-AR mRNA levels are differentially regulated in rat interscapular brown adipose tissue and heart, and suggest that the decrease in beta-AR number in interscapular brown adipose tissue and heart of hypothyroid animals may in part be explained by a decreased steady-state level of beta-AR mRNA.

Unusual increase of Scd1 and Elovl6 expression in rat inguinal adipose tissue

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-200
Author(s):  
Jacek Turyn ◽  
Adriana Mika ◽  
Piotr Stepnowski ◽  
Julian Swierczynski
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
Rat Adipose Tissue

AbstractIt is generally accepted that the location of body fat deposits may play an important role in the risk of developing some endocrine and metabolic diseases. We have studied the effect of food restriction and food restriction/refeeding, often practiced by individuals trying to lose body weight, on the expression of genes which are associated with obesity and certain metabolic disorders in inguinal, epididymal, and perirenal rat white adipose tissues. Gene expression was analyzed by real time semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and by Western blot. We found that prolonged food restriction caused a significant decrease of body and adipose tissue mass as well as the increase of Scd1 and Elovl6 gene expressions in all main rat adipose tissue deposits. Food restriction/refeeding caused increases of: a) Scd1 and Elovl6 mRNA levels in adipose tissue, b) Scd1 protein level and c) desaturation index in adipose tissue. The increased expression of both genes was unusually high in inguinal adipose tissue. The results suggest that the increase of Scd1 and Elovl6 gene expressions in white adipose tissue by prolonged food restriction and prolonged food restriction/refeeding may contribute to accelerated fat recovery that often occurs in individuals after food restriction/refeeding.

Diurnal rhythms and effects of fasting and refeeding on rat adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (6) ◽  
pp. E1092-E1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bergo ◽  
G. Olivecrona ◽  
T. Olivecrona
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Diurnal Rhythms ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Early Afternoon ◽  
Rat Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adipose Tissue Lipoprotein Lipase

The activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in adipose tissue is modulated by changes in the nutritional status. We have measured LPL activity, mass, and mRNA levels in rat adipose tissue during normal feeding cycles, during short- and long-term fasting, and during refeeding after fasting. LPL activity displayed a diurnal rhythm. The activity was highest during the night and early morning, decreased to a minimum during the early afternoon, and then increased again. These changes corresponded to the feeding pattern. The increases and/or decreases resulted from changes in LPL synthetic rate compounded by posttranslational mechanisms. During short-term fasting, LPL specific activity decreased to < 30% of control. The specific activity was restored within 4 h by refeeding. On longer fasting, LPL mRNA decreased. This became significant from 36 h. On refeeding, it took 12 h to restore the mRNA levels, whereas tissue LPL activity and mass could not be fully restored by 36 h of refeeding. These data show that LPL activity during short-term fasting is regulated posttranscriptionally, which allows for quick upregulation after refeeding. On longer fasting, other mechanisms affecting LPL transcription and synthesis come into play, and upregulation after refeeding is slowed down.

scholarly journals Exercise-induced changes in β-adrenergic-receptor mRNA level measured by competitive RT-PCR

1997 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 1926-1931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuharu Fujii ◽  
Takeshi Shibata ◽  
Sachiko Homma ◽  
Haruo Ikegami ◽  
Kazuo Murakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Receptor Mrna ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Receptor Mrna Level

Fujii, Nobuharu, Takeshi Shibata, Sachiko Homma, Haruo Ikegami, Kazuo Murakami, and Hitoshi Miyazaki. Exercise-induced changes in β-adrenergic-receptor mRNA level measured by competitive RT-PCR. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(6): 1926–1931, 1997.—Competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis was used to clarify whether dynamic exercise-induced increases in β-adrenergic-receptor (β-AR) number in human lymphocytes are accompanied by increases in the β-AR mRNA level. Sixteen healthy subjects performed cycle ergometry until exhaustion. Before and immediately after exercise, peripheral blood was drawn from a forearm vein for preparation of lymphocytes. Both the β-AR mRNA level and the β-AR number were significantly increased by exercise. The changes in β-AR mRNA level and β-AR number were significantly correlated ( r = 0.63, P < 0.01). This finding suggests that a rapid increase in β-AR mRNA level might be an early adaptive response of the sympathetic nervous system to dynamic exercise. In vitro incubation of lymphocytes with epinephrine had no effect on β-AR mRNA levels, nor did adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate, protein kinase C, or intracellular Ca2+ increase the β-AR mRNA level in vitro. Therefore, it appears that other mechanisms underlie the exercise-induced elevation of β-AR mRNA levels in human lymphocytes.

Metabolic influences on enzymes of glycogen synthesis and breakdown in adipose tissue

1964 ◽  
Vol 207 (6) ◽  
pp. 1215-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisa Gutman ◽  
Eleazar Shafrir
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Prolonged Fast ◽  
Rat Adipose Tissue

Rat adipose tissue from different body sites was shown to contain uridine diphosphoglucose (UDPG)-transglucosylase activity, which on the basis of protein content was comparable to or higher than that reported for muscle or liver. In epididymal adipose tissue, the activity of UDPG-glycogen transglucosylase and phosphorylase, as well as the content of glycogen per wet weight, decreased with increasing age of the animals in parallel with the decrease of tissue protein content. On prolonged fast the activity of UDPG-glycogen transglucosylase and phosphorylase per milligram protein dropped by 25–50% of the control value. On refeeding, the extent of changes was variable but, in general, at 24 hr control or higher levels of activity were reached and at 48 hr the activities were elevated. The ratio of glucose 6-phosphate independent activity of UDPG-glycogen transglucosylase to total activity was not affected by fasting and refeeding or by the administration of glucose with insulin. In adrenalectomized rats, with high adipose tissue glycogen, no change in UDPG-glycogen transglucosylase was found, whereas the levels of phosphorylase were elevated. Epinephrine in vivo and in vitro did not affect the activity of UDPG-glycogen transglucosylase of adipose tissue.

scholarly journals Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D Metabolism and Its Impact on Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Obese Mice (P24-004-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan Yoon Park ◽  
Shuang Zhu ◽  
Young Sun Jung ◽  
Sung Nim Han
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Dietary Vitamin D

Abstract Objectives Adipose tissue expresses CYP27B1 and VDR, suggesting local metabolism and function of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) in adipose tissue. Obesity has been associated with dysregulation of 1,25(OH)2D levels. We investigated effects of vitamin D supplementation on 1,25(OH)2D metabolism and its impact in adipose tissue of obese mice. Methods Six-wk-old C57BL/6 mice were divided into 4 groups and fed experimental diets containing 10% or 45% kcal fat (CON or HFD) and differing in vitamin D content (1000 or 25,000 IU/kg of diet, DC or DS) for 13 wks. Serum 1,25(OH)2D and PTH levels were determined with radio- or enzyme-immunoassay. The mRNA levels of Cyp27b1, Cyp24a1, and Lrp2 in the kidney, and Cyp27b1, Vdr, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (Mcp-1, Rantes, Mip-1γ, Tnf-α, Il-6, Il-1β, and Ifn-γ) in the epididymal adipose tissue were determined by real-time PCR. Results Overall, serum 1,25(OH)2D levels were higher in DS groups compared with DC groups. When 1,25(OH)2D levels were compared between CON and HFD groups, differential pattern was observed depending on vitamin D levels in the diet. HFD-DC group showed higher serum 1,25(OH)2D and PTH levels compared with CON-DC group. However, in the DS groups, serum 1,25(OH)2D and PTH levels were not significantly affected by dietary fat amount. Renal Cyp24a1 mRNA levels, which could be up-regulated by dietary vitamin D, was higher in CON-DS group compared with CON-DC group. However, in the HFD groups, renal Cyp24a1 mRNA levels were similar in DC and DS groups. Mcp-1 and Rantes mRNA levels were higher in the HFD groups compared with CON groups, and their overall expression levels were down-regulated by vitamin D supplementation. Overall, mRNA levels of Il-6 and Il-1β were lower in the DS groups compared with DC groups. Conclusions Dietary vitamin D supplementation alleviated inflammatory responses in adipose tissue. Both 1,25(OH)2D in circulation and locally produced 1,25(OH)2D in adipose tissue might have contributed to the effect. Funding Sources Supported by the grant from the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea (NRF-2018R1D1A1B070491).

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