scholarly journals l-carnosine (β-alanyl-l-histidine) and carcinine (β-alanylhistamine) act as natural antioxidants with hydroxyl-radical-scavenging and lipid-peroxidase activities

1994 ◽  
Vol 304 (2) ◽  
pp. 509-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Babizhayev ◽  
M C Seguin ◽  
J Gueyne ◽  
R P Evstigneeva ◽  
E A Ageyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Direct Reduction ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Peroxyl Radicals ◽  
Lipid Phase ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides

Carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) and carcinine (beta-alanylhistamine) are natural imidazole-containing compounds found in the non-protein fraction of mammalian tissues. Carcinine was synthesized by an original procedure and characterized. Both carnosine and carcinine (10-25 mM) are capable of inhibiting the catalysis of linoleic acid and phosphatidylcholine liposomal peroxidation (LPO) by the O2(-.)-dependent iron-ascorbate and lipid-peroxyl-radical-generating linoleic acid 13-monohydroperoxide (LOOH)-activated haemoglobin systems, as measured by thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substance. Carcinine and carnosine are good scavengers of OH. radicals, as detected by iron-dependent radical damage to the sugar deoxyribose. This suggests that carnosine and carcinine are able to scavenge free radicals or donate hydrogen ions. The iodometric, conjugated diene and t.l.c. assessments of lipid hydroperoxides (13-monohydroperoxide linoleic acid and phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide) showed their efficient reduction and deactivation by carnosine and carcinine (10-25 mM) in the liberated and bound-to-artificial-bilayer states. This suggests that the peroxidase activity exceeded that susceptible to direct reduction with glutathione peroxidase. Imidazole, solutions of beta-alanine, or their mixtures with peptide moieties did not show antioxidant potential. Free L-histidine and especially histamine stimulated iron (II) salt-dependent LPO. Due to the combination of weak metal chelating (abolished by EDTA), OH. and lipid peroxyl radicals scavenging, reducing activities to liberated fatty acid and phospholipid hydroperoxides, carnosine and carcinine appear to be physiological antioxidants able to efficiently protect the lipid phase of biological membranes and aqueous environments.

scholarly journals Review on in vitro antioxidant activities of Curcuma species commonly used as herbal components in Indonesia

Food Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Rohman ◽  
H. Widodo ◽  
E. Lukitaningsih ◽  
M. Rafi ◽  
Nurrulhidayah A.F. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ferric Thiocyanate ◽  
Herbal Components

Free radicals, reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been known to contribute several degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, aging, certain types of cancers, rheumatoid arthritis, neurodegenerative, and diabetes mellitus. In order to overcome the negative effects of these radicals, some scientists have explored some natural antioxidants from plants and it's by-products. The antioxidant can be defined as any substances or samples capable of inhibiting free radical reactions in the oxidation reaction. Due to curcuminoids contained, Curcuma species such as Curcuma longa, Curcuma heyneana, Curcuma mangga, and Curcuma xanthorriza were commonly used for herbal components in some traditional medicine. Several in vitro tests been introduced and used to measure antioxidant activities, namely radical scavenging assay using 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6 -sulfonic acid) (ABTS•+), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), ferric-thiocyanate, phosphomolybdenum method, cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity, metal chelating power, beta-carotene bleaching linoleic-ferric-thiocyanate, and thiobarbituric acid methods. This review highlighted the antioxidant activities in vitro of C. longa, C. heyneana, C. mangga, and C. xanthorriza through several tests. To perform this review, several repute databases were analyzed and used. From this review, it can be stated that Curcuma species have powerful antioxidant activities, therefore they could be potential sources of natural antioxidants and can be used as food supplements.

scholarly journals Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Activities of the Aqueous Rhizome Extract of Rheum officinale Baillon

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Chang ◽  
Choon Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Natural Antioxidant ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Superoxide Anion Production

Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is associated with dysregulation of antioxidant defense mechanisms and incidence of human diseases. The specific aim of this study was to investigate the lipid oxidation and antioxidant activity of aqueous extract of Rheum officinale Baillon rhizome in order to evaluate its potential as a future novel natural antioxidant resource and a functional ingredient in food and pharmaceutical formations. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of Rheum rhizome extract were dose dependently increased. Consistent with this, radical scavenging activities of Rheum rhizome extract as determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity were significantly elevated as the concentration increased. In addition, the treatment of aqueous Rheum rhizome extract significantly increased ferric reducing and copper chelating activities. According to results of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance analysis, Rheum rhizome extract significantly delayed lipid oxidation. Preincubation with Rheum rhizome extract significantly inhibited tert-butyl hydroperoxide- (t-BHP-) induced ROS generation. Moreover, superoxide anion production was significantly lower in Rheum rhizome extract-treated RAW264.7 macrophage cells than t-BHP-incubated cells (p<0.05). These findings suggest that Rheum officinale Baillon rhizome extract has a potential as an excellent natural antioxidant agent.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activities and Total Phenolic Content of Malaysian Herbs as Components of Active Packaging Film in Beef Patties

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Amnin Wan Yahaya ◽  
Noraziah Abu Yazid ◽  
Nurul Aini Mohd Azman ◽  
María Pilar Almajano
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Active Packaging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Packaging Film

Active packaging containing natural extracts is a promising innovation to prolong the shelf life of perishable food. The objective of this work was to develop a bioactive edible film from semi-refined carrageenan (SRC) and glycerol (G) as plasticizer incorporated with natural extract. Five Malaysian herbs were evaluated to determine their total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities. The Persicaria minor (PM) extract demonstrated the highest TPC (1.629 mg GAE/L sample) and radical scavenging activity evaluated by the radicals 2,2’-azinobis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid] (27.166 mg TE/L sample), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (719.89 mg eq. Trolox/L sample) and α,α′-Azodiisobutyramidine dihydrochloride (5.81 mg TE/L sample). Thus, PM extract was selected for active packaging film at concentrations of 0.4, 1.0 and 2.0% and compared with 0.4% Butylatedhydroxianisole in 2% SRC and 0.9% G film formulation. The meat patties were wrapped in the films and stored under refrigeration (4 ± 2 °C) for 14 days. The film with 2% PM exhibited significantly lower lipid deterioration analysed by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance assay (p < 0.05) and small changes in % metmyoglobin value which indicated the minimum development of brown colour (p < 0.05). Hence, this film can be used as a packaging material to improve meat quality characteristics.

Epigallocatechin gallate effectively ameliorates fluoride-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage in the liver of rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 528-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanmugam Thangapandiyan ◽  
Selvaraj Miltonprabu
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Protein Carbonyl Content

Environmental exposure to sodium fluoride (NaF) compounds is a worldwide health concern. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a green tea catechin found in a variety of green tea preparations. The intention of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective role of EGCG in NaF-intoxicated rats. Rats were orally treated with NaF alone (25 mg·(kg body mass)−1·day−1) or plus EGCG at different doses (20, 40, and 80 mg·(kg body mass)−1·day−1) for 4 weeks. Hepatotoxicity of NaF was determined by increased levels of serum hepatospecific markers and total bilirubin, along with increased levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, lipid hydroperoxides, protein carbonyl content, and conjugated dienes. The hepatotoxic nature of NaF was further evidenced by the decreased activity of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant levels in liver. NaF-treated rats also showed increased DNA damage and fragmentation in hepatocytes. Administration of EGCG (40 mg·(kg body mass)−1) to NaF-intoxicated rats significantly recuperated the distorted biochemical indices, DNA damage, and pathological changes in the liver tissue. Thus, the results of the present study clearly demonstrate that EGCG has strong free radical scavenging, antioxidant, and antigenotoxic properties that protect against NaF-induced oxidative hepatic injury in rats.

Lignicolous fungi from northern Serbia as natural sources of antioxidants

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Karaman ◽  
Neda Mimica-Dukic ◽  
Milan Matavuly
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Lignicolous Fungi ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Tlc Analysis

AbstractAs a result of an interest in natural derived metabolites, lignicolous fungi have taken on great importance in biochemical investigations. In the present study, antioxidative screening analyses have included in vitro testing of different extracts (aqueous, methanol, chloroform) of four fungal species using three different assays: Fe2+/ascorbate-induced lipid peroxidation by TBA assay, the neutralisation of OH· radicals and the radical scavenging capacity with the DPPHk]assay. TLC analysis confirmed the existance of phenolics in the extracts, but also indicates the presence of some other compounds. The obtained results indicate that MeOH extracts manifested a degree of activity higher than that of CHCl3 extracts. With respect to antioxidative activity, the extracts can be ranged in the following declining order: G. lucidum, G. applanatum, M. giganteus and F. velutipes. These results suggest that analyzed fungi are of potential interest as sources of strong natural antioxidants that could be used in the food industries and nutrition.

scholarly journals Effect of Novel Synthesised Policosanyl Phenolates on Lipid Oxidation

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 414-421
Author(s):  
Wang Zhiqiang ◽  
Hwang Seung Hwan ◽  
Lim Soon Sung
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Model System ◽  
Total Oxidation ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
High Lipid Peroxidation

Lipophilic derivatisation of phenolic acids could greatly improve their antioxidant activities and solubility in hydrophobic environments, broadening their applications in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. In this study, we conducted enzymatic lipophilisation of eight phenolates with policosanols. Vinyl phenolates were used as intermediates to improve the efficiency of enzymatic lipophilisation; and the yields of policosanyl phenolates were in the range of 1.32–20.58%. The antioxidant activities of the resulting phenolipids were compared using 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assay and linoleic acid peroxidation ferric thiocyanate assay. The synthesised policosanyl phenolates showed lower ABTS radical scavenging capacities (IC<sub>50</sub>s &gt; 15 mM); whereas they showed high lipid peroxidation inhibitory activities (IC<sub>50</sub>s of peroxidation value &lt; 0.25 mM). The lipid oxidation inhibitory activities of policosanol phenolates were further evaluated using the total oxidation value in a linoleic acid model system and the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances value in a cooked pork model system. Finally, policosanyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, policosanyl syringate, and policosanyl 4-hydroxyphenylacetate showed the highest inhibition effects on lipid oxidation and a potential for use as lipid antioxidants.

Protective effects of Gingko biloba on thioacetamide-induced fulminant hepatic failure in rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 705-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
M M M Harputluoglu ◽  
U Demirel ◽  
H Ciralik ◽  
I Temel ◽  
S Firat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fulminant Hepatic Failure ◽  
Hepatic Failure ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Liver Necrosis ◽  
Gingko Biloba ◽  
Liver Tbars

Gingko biloba (GB) has antioxidant and platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonistic effects. We investigated the protective effects of GB on thioacetamide (TAA)induced fulminant hepatic failure in rats. Fulminant hepatic failure was induced in treatment groups by three intraperitoneal (ip) injections of TAA (350 mg/kg) at 24-hour intervals. Treatments with GB (100 mg/kg per day, orally) and N-acetylcysteine (20 mg/kg twice daily, sc) were initiated 48 hours prior to TAA administration. The liver was removed for histopathological examinations. Serum and liver thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) levels were measured for assessment of oxidative stress. Liver necrosis and inflammation scores and serum and liver TBARS levels were significantly higher in the TAA group compared to the control group (P <0.001,<0.001, 0.001,<0.001, respectively). Liver necrosis and inflammation scores and liver TBARS levels were significantly lower in the GB group compared to the TAA group (P <0.001,<0.001 and 0.01, respectively). GB ameliorated hepatic damage in TAA-induced fulminant hepatic failure. This may be due to the free radical-scavenging effects of GB.

Involvement of hydrogen and lipid peroxides in acute tobacco smoking-induced platelet hyperactivity

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (2) ◽  
pp. H679-H685 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Blache
Keyword(s):  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Platelet Activity ◽  
Induced Aggregation ◽  
Platelet Hyperaggregability

Previous studies have established that cigarette smoking results in acute platelet hyperaggregability. We investigated whether changes in plasma oxidative properties could occur after smoking and whether such changes could be responsible for this enhanced platelet activity. In the present work, we report that platelets from nonsmokers become hyperactive after incubation with plasma prepared from blood of smokers obtained 10 min after smoking. This effect was not observed with presmoking plasma and could be inhibited in vitro by adding either catalase or reduced glutathione plus peroxidase to plasma or 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (BHT) to platelets before incubation. Comparison of pre- and postsmoking plasma showed that smoking resulted in a decrease in vitamin E (18%, P < 0.01) and increases in conjugated diene (35%, P < 0.001), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (23%, P < 0.02), and free fatty acid (FFA, 40%, P < 0.005) plasma concentrations. The FFA fraction was peroxidized to a higher extent when extracted from postsmoking than from presmoking plasma. This peroxidized FFA fraction enhanced the thrombin-induced aggregation of platelets from nonsmokers. This increased response was inhibited either when the peroxidized FFA fractions were isolated from plasma treated with reduced glutathione and peroxidase or by pretreatment of the platelets with BHT. We conclude that the enhanced formation of lipid hydroperoxides found in postsmoking plasma seems to be responsible for the acute and marked platelet hyperactivity observed after smoking.

scholarly journals Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Tumbuhan Suruhan (Peperomia pellucida [L.] Kunth) Pada Asam Linoleat

Jurnal MIPA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Jeremy Fransisco Pakasi ◽  
Lidya I Momuat ◽  
Harry S.J. Koleangan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Peroxide Formation ◽  
Reactive Substance ◽  
Percent Inhibition ◽  
Ferric Thiocyanate

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari aktivitas antioksidan eksrak tumbuhan suruhan Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth pada asam linoleat. Tumbuhan suruhan diekstrak dengan pelarut etanol 80% dan n-heksana dengan cara maserasi selama 48 jam. Ekstrak etanol dan n-heksana dari tumbuhan suruhan diukur kandungan total fenoliknya dengan metode Folin-ciocalteu, serta diuji aktivitas antioksidannya pada asam linoleat menggunakan metode Ferric Thiocyanate untuk menghitung persen penghambatan peroksida, dan metode Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance untuk mengukur persen penghambatan pembentukan malonaldehida. Hasil penelitian kandungan total fenolik dalam ekstrak etanol dan n-heksana tumbuhan suruhan berturut-turut adalah 53.469 mg/kg dan 22.755 mg/kg. Aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak etanol tumbuhan suruhan dengan konsentrasi 100 dan 200 µg/mL dalam menghambat pembentukan peroksida berturut-turut sebesar 83.74% dan 88.80%, serta pembentukan malonaldehida sebesar 93.07% dan 93.96% pada asam linoleat.Sedangkan Aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak n-heksana tumbuhan suruhan dengan konsentrasi 100 dan 200 µg/mL dalam menghambat pembentukan peroksida berturut-turut sebesar 67.96% dan 73.18%, serta pembentukan malonaldehida sebesar 90.98% dan 92.00% pada asam linoleat.Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kandungan total fenolik ekstrak etanol tumbuhan suruhan lebih tinggi daripada ekstrak n-heksana, serta aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol adalah yang terbaik dalam menghambat pembentukan peroksida dan malonaldehida pada asam linoleat.This reaserchwas aimed to study the antioxidant activity of Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth on linoleic acid. The plant was extracted with 80% ethanol and n-hexane solvent by maceration for 48 hours. The content of total phenolic was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the antioxidant activity of Peperomia p. wastested on linoleic acid using Ferric Thiocyanate method to calculate the percent inhibition of peroxide and using Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance method for measuring the percent inhibition of malonaldehyde. Total phenolic content of the ethanol extract and the n-hexane extract of Peperomia p. were 53,469 mg/kg and22.755 mg/kg respectively. The antioxidant activities of ethanol extract of Peperomia p. with concentration of 100 and 200 μg/mL in inhibition of peroxide formation were 83,74% and 88,80%, and for malonaldehyde were 93,07% and 93,96% respectively. Whereasthose of n-hexana extracts with the same concentration inhibited 67.96% and 73.18% of peroxide formation, and 90.98% and 92.00% of malonaldehyde formation. Thus,Total content of phenolics of ethanol extract is higher than that of n-hexane extract, similarly the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract is the better in inhibiting the formation of peroxide and malonaldehyde in linoleic acid than that of n-hexana extract.

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