scholarly journals cDNA cloning and sequence analysis of human pancreatic procarboxypeptidase A1

1992 ◽  
Vol 287 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Catasús ◽  
V Villegas ◽  
R Pascual ◽  
F X Avilés ◽  
C Wicker-Planquart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Sequence Comparisons ◽  
Activation Segment ◽  
Flanking Regions

Using polyclonal antibodies raised against human pancreatic procarboxypeptidases, a full-length cDNA coding for an A-type proenzyme was isolated from a lambda gt11 human pancreatic library. This cDNA contains standard 3′ and 5′ flanking regions, a poly(A)+ tail and a central region of 1260 nucleotides coding for a protein of 419 amino acids. On the basis of sequence comparisons, the human protein was classified as a procarboxypeptidase A1 which is very similar to the previously described A1 forms from rat and bovine pancreatic glands. The presence of the amino acid sequences assumed to be of importance for the zymogen inhibition by its activation segment, primarily on the basis of the recently reported crystal structure of the B form, further supports the proposed classification.

scholarly journals Molecular Analysis of Resistance to Streptogramin A Compounds Conferred by the Vga Proteins of Staphylococci

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 973-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Chesneau ◽  
Heidi Ligeret ◽  
Negin Hosan-Aghaie ◽  
Anne Morvan ◽  
Elie Dassa
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Β Subunit ◽  
Abc Proteins ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Resistance Determinants

ABSTRACT The Vga and Msr resistance determinants, encoded by mobile genetic elements in various staphylococcal strains, belong to a family of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins whose functions and structures are ill defined. Their amino acid sequences are similar to those of proteins involved in the immunity of streptomycetes to the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin antibiotics that they produce. Sequence analysis of the genomes of the gram-positive bacteria with low G+C contents revealed that Lmo0919 from Listeria monocytogenes is more closely related to Vga variants than to Msr variants. In the present study we compared the antibiotic resistance profiles conferred by the Vga-like proteins in two staphylococcal hosts. It was shown that Vga(A), the Vga(A) variant [Vga(A)v], and Lmo0919 can confer resistance to lincosamides and streptogramin A compounds, while only Vga(B) is able to increase the level of resistance to pristinamycin, a mixture of streptogramin A and streptogramin B compounds. By using polyclonal antibodies, we found that the Vga(A) protein colocalized with the β subunit of the F1-F0 ATPase in the membrane fractions of staphylococcal cells. In order to identify functional units in these atypical ABC proteins, such as regions that might be involved in substrate specificity and/or membrane targeting, we analyzed the resistance phenotypes conferred by various plasmids carrying parts or modified versions of the vga(A) gene and we determined the subcellular localization of the gene products. Only polypeptides composed of two ABC domains were detected in the cell membranes. No region of drug specificity was identified. Resistance properties were dependent on the integrities of both Walker B motifs.

scholarly journals Comparação da seqüência de nucleotídeos do gene da proteína capsidial de estirpes severas e premunizantes do Papaya ringspot virus

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 678-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilia G. S. Della Vecchia ◽  
Luis E. A. Camargo ◽  
Jorge A. M. Rezende
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Core Region ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Papaya Ringspot Virus ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Sequence Comparisons ◽  
The Core ◽  
Cp Gene

This study compared three mild and three severe strains of Papaya ringspot virus - type W (PRSV-W), based on nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the capsid protein (CP) gene. The CP nucleotide sequences of the mild strains shared 98% to 100% identity. When compared to the severe strains the identity ranged from 93% to 95%, except in the case of PRSV-W-2R, which resulted from reversion of the mild strains PRSV-W-2. The CP sequence of the reverting strain showed 100% identity with the sequence of its parental strain. An insertion of six nucleotides in the core region of the CP gene, which reflected the addition of two amino acids (Asn and Asp) in the deduced sequence of the protein, was found in all mild strains. These sequence comparisons were used to design strain-specific primers that were used to specifically amplify regions for either the mild or severe strains.

scholarly journals Roles of the C-Terminal Amino Acids of Non-Hexameric Helicases: Insights from Escherichia coli UvrD

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1018
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Yokota
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
E Coli ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Terminal Amino

Helicases are nucleic acid-unwinding enzymes that are involved in the maintenance of genome integrity. Several parts of the amino acid sequences of helicases are very similar, and these quite well-conserved amino acid sequences are termed “helicase motifs”. Previous studies by X-ray crystallography and single-molecule measurements have suggested a common underlying mechanism for their function. These studies indicate the role of the helicase motifs in unwinding nucleic acids. In contrast, the sequence and length of the C-terminal amino acids of helicases are highly variable. In this paper, I review past and recent studies that proposed helicase mechanisms and studies that investigated the roles of the C-terminal amino acids on helicase and dimerization activities, primarily on the non-hexermeric Escherichia coli (E. coli) UvrD helicase. Then, I center on my recent study of single-molecule direct visualization of a UvrD mutant lacking the C-terminal 40 amino acids (UvrDΔ40C) used in studies proposing the monomer helicase model. The study demonstrated that multiple UvrDΔ40C molecules jointly participated in DNA unwinding, presumably by forming an oligomer. Thus, the single-molecule observation addressed how the C-terminal amino acids affect the number of helicases bound to DNA, oligomerization, and unwinding activity, which can be applied to other helicases.

scholarly journals Molecular cloning of two human liver 3 α-hydroxysteroid/dihydrodiol dehydrogenase isoenzymes that are identical with chlordecone reductase and bile-acid binder

1994 ◽  
Vol 299 (2) ◽  
pp. 545-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Deyashiki ◽  
A Ogasawara ◽  
T Nakayama ◽  
M Nakanishi ◽  
Y Miyabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Cdna Clones ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Human Bile ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Computer Based

Human liver contains two dihydrodiol dehydrogenases, DD2 and DD4, associated with 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. We have raised polyclonal antibodies that cross-reacted with the two enzymes and isolated two 1.2 kb cDNA clones (C9 and C11) for the two enzymes from a human liver cDNA library using the antibodies. The clones of C9 and C11 contained coding sequences corresponding to 306 and 321 amino acid residues respectively, but lacked 5′-coding regions around the initiation codon. Sequence analyses of several peptides obtained by enzymic and chemical cleavages of the two purified enzymes verified that the C9 and C11 clones encoded DD2 and DD4 respectively, and further indicated that the sequence of DD2 had at least additional 16 residues upward from the N-terminal sequence deduced from the cDNA. There was 82% amino acid sequence identity between the two enzymes, indicating that the enzymes are genetic isoenzymes. A computer-based comparison of the cDNAs of the isoenzymes with the DNA sequence database revealed that the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of DD2 and DD4 are virtually identical with those of human bile-acid binder and human chlordecone reductase cDNAs respectively.

scholarly journals The amino acid sequence of cytochromes c-551 from three species of Pseudomonas

1973 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Ambler ◽  
Margaret Wynn
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽  
Cytochromes C ◽  
Lending Library ◽  
Single Peptide

The amino acid sequences of the cytochromes c-551 from three species of Pseudomonas have been determined. Each resembles the protein from Pseudomonas strain P6009 (now known to be Pseudomonas aeruginosa, not Pseudomonas fluorescens) in containing 82 amino acids in a single peptide chain, with a haem group covalently attached to cysteine residues 12 and 15. In all four sequences 43 residues are identical. Although by bacteriological criteria the organisms are closely related, the differences between pairs of sequences range from 22% to 39%. These values should be compared with the differences in the sequence of mitochondrial cytochrome c between mammals and amphibians (about 18%) or between mammals and insects (about 33%). Detailed evidence for the amino acid sequences of the proteins has been deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50015 at the National Lending Library for Science and Technology, Boston Spa, Yorks. LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies can be obtained on the terms indicated in Biochem. J. (1973), 131, 5.

scholarly journals Factor D̄ of the alternative pathway of human complement. Purification, alignment and N-terminal amino acid sequences of the major cyanogen bromide fragments, and localization of the serine residue at the active site

1980 ◽  
Vol 187 (3) ◽  
pp. 863-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
D M Johnson ◽  
J Gagnon ◽  
K B Reid
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Alternative Pathway ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Serine Residue ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence Analysis ◽  
Terminal Amino Acid ◽  
Terminal Amino ◽  
Terminal Amino Acid Sequence

The serine esterase factor D of the complement system was purified from outdated human plasma with a yield of 20% of the initial haemolytic activity found in serum. This represented an approx. 60 000-fold purification. The final product was homogeneous as judged by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (with an apparent mol.wt. of 24 000), its migration as a single component in a variety of fractionation procedures based on size and charge, and its N-terminal amino-acid-sequence analysis. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the first 36 residues of the intact molecule was found to be homologous with the N-terminal amino acid sequences of the catalytic chains of other serine esterases. Factor D showed an especially strong homology (greater than 60% identity) with rat ‘group-specific protease’ [Woodbury, Katunuma, Kobayashi, Titani, & Neurath (1978) Biochemistry 17, 811-819] over the first 16 amino acid residues. This similarity is of interest since it is considered that both enzymes may be synthesized in their active, rather than zymogen, forms. The three major CNBr fragments of factor D, which had apparent mol.wts. of 15 800, 6600 and 1700, were purified and then aligned by N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis and amino acid analysis. By using factor D labelled with di-[1,3-14C]isopropylphosphofluoridate it was shown that the CNBr fragment of apparent mol.wt. 6600, which is located in the C-terminal region of factor D, contained the active serine residue. The amino acid sequence around this residue was determined.

scholarly journals Functional Analysis of PA Binding by Influenza A Virus PB1: Effects on Polymerase Activity and Viral Infectivity

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (17) ◽  
pp. 8127-8136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Perez ◽  
Ruben O. Donis
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Viral Replication ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Virus Growth ◽  
Transcription And Replication

ABSTRACT Influenza A virus expresses three viral polymerase (P) subunits—PB1, PB2, and PA—all of which are essential for RNA and viral replication. The functions of P proteins in transcription and replication have been partially elucidated, yet some of these functions seem to be dependent on the formation of a heterotrimer for optimal viral RNA transcription and replication. Although it is conceivable that heterotrimer subunit interactions may allow a more efficient catalysis, direct evidence of their essentiality for viral replication is lacking. Biochemical studies addressing the molecular anatomy of the P complexes have revealed direct interactions between PB1 and PB2 as well as between PB1 and PA. Previous studies have shown that the N-terminal 48 amino acids of PB1, termed domain α, contain the residues required for binding PA. We report here the refined mapping of the amino acid sequences within this small region of PB1 that are indispensable for binding PA by deletion mutagenesis of PB1 in a two-hybrid assay. Subsequently, we used site-directed mutagenesis to identify the critical amino acid residues of PB1 for interaction with PA in vivo. The first 12 amino acids of PB1 were found to constitute the core of the interaction interface, thus narrowing the previous boundaries of domain α. The role of the minimal PB1 domain α in influenza virus gene expression and genome replication was subsequently analyzed by evaluating the activity of a set of PB1 mutants in a model reporter minigenome system. A strong correlation was observed between a functional PA binding site on PB1 and P activity. Influenza viruses bearing mutant PB1 genes were recovered using a plasmid-based influenza virus reverse genetics system. Interestingly, mutations that rendered PB1 unable to bind PA were either nonviable or severely growth impaired. These data are consistent with an essential role for the N terminus of PB1 in binding PA, P activity, and virus growth.

Sequence and expression of the dCMP deaminase gene (DCD1) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1711-1721
Author(s):  
E M McIntosh ◽  
R H Haynes
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Northern Analysis ◽  
Hindiii Site ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Hindiii Restriction Site ◽  
Cycle Dependent

The dCMP deaminase gene (DCD1) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been isolated by screening a Sau3A clone bank for complementation of the dUMP auxotrophy exhibited by dcd1 dmp1 haploids. Plasmid pDC3, containing a 7-kilobase (kb) Sau3A insert, restores dCMP deaminase activity to dcd1 mutants and leads to an average 17.5-fold overproduction of the enzyme in wild-type cells. The complementing activity of the plasmid was localized to a 4.2-kb PvuII restriction fragment within the Sau3A insert. Subcloning experiments demonstrated that a single HindIII restriction site within this fragment lies within the DCD1 gene. Subsequent DNA sequence analysis revealed a 936-nucleotide open reading frame encompassing this HindIII site. Disruption of the open reading frame by integrative transformation led to a loss of enzyme activity and confirmed that this region constitutes the dCMP deaminase gene. Northern analysis indicated that the DCD1 mRNA is a 1.15-kb poly(A)+ transcript. The 5' end of the transcript was mapped by primer extension and appears to exhibit heterogeneous termini. Comparison of the amino acid sequence of the T2 bacteriophage dCMP deaminase with that deduced for the yeast enzyme revealed a limited degree of homology which extends over the entire length of the phage polypeptide (188 amino acids) but is confined to the carboxy-terminal half of the yeast protein (312 amino acids). A potential dTTP-binding site in the yeast and phage enzymes was identified by comparison of homologous regions with the amino acid sequences of a variety of other dTTP-binding enzymes. Despite the role of dCMP deaminase in dTTP biosynthesis, Northern analysis revealed that the DCD1 gene is not subject to the same cell cycle-dependent pattern of transcription recently found for the yeast thymidylate synthetase gene (TMP1).

scholarly journals The substrate specificity of adenosine 3′:5′-cyclic monophosphate-dependent protein kinase of rabbit skeletal muscle

1977 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Yeaman ◽  
P Cohen ◽  
D C Watson ◽  
G H Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Phosphorylation Site ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Beta Subunit ◽  
Alpha Subunit ◽  
Phosphorylase Kinase ◽  
Dependent Protein Kinase ◽  
Dependent Protein

The known amino acid sequences at the two sites on phosphorylase kinase that are phosphorylated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase were extended. The sequences of 42 amino acids around the phosphorylation site on the alpha-subunit and of 14 amino acids around the phosphorylation site on the beta-subunit were shown to be: alpha-subunit Phe-Arg-Arg-Leu-Ser(P)-Ile-Ser-Thr-Glu-Ser-Glx-Pro-Asx-Gly-Gly-His-Ser-Leu-Gly-Ala-Asp-Leu-Met-Ser-Pro-Ser-Phe-Leu-Ser-Pro-Gly-Thr-Ser-Val-Phe(Ser,Pro,Gly)His-Thr-Ser-Lys; beta-subunit, Ala-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg-Ser-Gly-Ser(P)-VALIle-Tyr-Glu-Pro-Leu-Lys. The sites on histone H2B which are phosphorylated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase in vitro were identified as serine-36 and serine-32. The amino acid sequence in this region is: Lys-Lys-Arg-Lys-Arg-Ser32(P)-Arg-Lys-Glu-Ser36(P)-Tyr-Ser-Val-Tyr-Val- [Iwai, K., Ishikawa, K. & Hayashi, H. (1970) Nature (London) 226, 1056-1058]. Serine-36 was phosphorylated at 50% of the rate at which the beta-subunit of phosphorylase kinase was phosphorylated, and it was phosphorylated 6-7-fold more rapidly than was serine-32. The amino acid sequences when compared with those at the phosphorylation sites of other physiological substrates suggest that the presence of two adjacent basic amino acids on the N-terminal side of the susceptible serine residue may be critical for specific substrate recognition in vivo.

Die primäre Proteinstruktur von Stämmen des Tabakmosaikvirus

1963 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1032-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Wittmann-Liebold ◽  
H. G. Wittmann
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Tryptic Peptides

The amino acid sequence of dahlemense, a naturally occuring strain of tobacco mosaic virus, has been determined and compared with that of the strain vulgare (Fig. 7). In this communication the experimental details are given for the elucidation of the amino acid sequences within two tryptic peptides with 65 amino acids.

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