scholarly journals Glucose utilization and disposal in cardiothoracic and skeletal muscles during the starved-to-fed transition in the rat

1990 ◽  
Vol 272 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
M C Sugden ◽  
Y L Liu ◽  
M J Holness
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Glycogen Deposition ◽  
Total Glucose

Glucose utilization indices (GUI) increased to fed values in diaphragm and oxidative skeletal muscles and exceeded fed values in non-oxidative muscles within 2 h of re-feeding chow to 48 h-starved rats. Cardiac GUI reached fed values only after 7 h. Glycogen deposition accounted for most of the glucose phosphorylated in skeletal muscle over the first 2 h in oxidative muscles and over the first 4 h in non-oxidative muscles. In oxidative muscles, the contribution of glycogen deposition to total glucose 6-phosphate disposal diminished as re-feeding was extended from 2 to 6 h.

scholarly journals Glucose utilization and disposition by skeletal muscle during unrestricted feeding

1992 ◽  
Vol 286 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Holness ◽  
R M Howard ◽  
M C Sugden
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
Dark Phase ◽  
Light Phase ◽  
Glycogen Deposition ◽  
Adductor Longus

We measured glucose utilization index (GUI) values in individual skeletal muscles of conscious rats during the light (quiescent) and dark (feeding/activity) phases. There was a 2-3-fold variation in muscle GUI values, with peak values observed at the end of the dark phase and minimum values observed at 6-9 h into the light phase. GUI values in working muscles (soleus and adductor longus) were consistently higher than in non-working muscles (tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus), indicating that working muscles make the major contribution of the total skeletal muscle mass to glucose disposal during unrestricted feeding. There was a clear overall increase in muscle glycogen deposition during the first 9 h of the dark phase; this was concomitant with an increase in food consumption. Peak glycogen concentrations were reached after 9 h of darkness, but subsequently declined. The pattern of changes in muscle GUI values during the light and dark phases is discussed in relation to the role of insulin in facilitating glucose clearance.

scholarly journals Glucose disposal by skeletal muscle in response to re-feeding after progressive starvation

1991 ◽  
Vol 277 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Holness ◽  
M C Sugden
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
Prolonged Starvation ◽  
Glucose Clearance ◽  
Glycogen Deposition

We investigated the extent to which increases in glucose utilization indices (GUIs) in individual skeletal muscles during chow re-feeding after 6 h, 24 h or 48 h starvation are related to the antecedent duration of starvation. Chow re-feeding after either acute or prolonged starvation led to an increase in glucose disposal by the muscle mass. Glucose intolerance after prolonged starvation was not associated with lower values of GUI in skeletal muscle. In both working and non-working muscles, the increment in GUI during the first 2 h of re-feeding was less after acute than after prolonged starvation. In non-working muscles the differential responses to re-feeding were due to higher GUI values after re-feeding rather than lower pre-prandial GUI values. Therefore the contribution of non-working muscles to glucose clearance is higher as the antecedent period of starvation is extended. Rates of glycogen deposition in non-working muscles after refeeding were similar to absolute values of GUI, and a strong relationship existed between measured GUI values and rates of glycogen deposition.

Increased uptake and phosphorylation of 2-deoxyglucose by skeletal muscles in endotoxin-treated rats

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (1) ◽  
pp. E33-E39 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Meszaros ◽  
G. J. Bagby ◽  
C. H. Lang ◽  
J. J. Spitzer
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Double Labeling ◽  
Lumped Constant ◽  
And Control

Glucose metabolism of respiratory and nonrespiratory muscles of different fiber composition was investigated in conscious rats. The accumulation of phosphorylated 2-deoxyglucose (2DGP) was increased in skeletal muscles by 56-102% and in diaphragm by 236% at 3 h after treatment with 100 micrograms/100 g endotoxin. The increase was still marked at 24 h, whereas it diminished at 48 h in the diaphragm, abdominal muscle, and white portion of the quadriceps. In the red portion of this muscle 2DGP accumulation was less than that in time-matched controls at 24 and 48 h. Whole gastrocnemius (mixed-fiber types) showed no changes after 24 h. The high 2DGP accumulation in brain remained stable. The retention of 2DGP in tissues, studied by sequential double labeling, did not change 3 h after endotoxin. The lumped constant was similar in the isolated epitrochlear muscles of endotoxemic and control rats. Whole-body glucose utilization (Rd) was increased by 68% 3 h after endotoxin, but it was normal at 24 and 48 h. The increase of glucose utilization by the entire skeletal muscle mass was responsible for approximately 25% of the increase in Rd; therefore it appears that other tissues also contributed significantly to the endotoxin-induced alterations in carbohydrate metabolism.

scholarly journals Glucose utilization by skeletal muscles in vivo in experimental hyperthyroidism in the rat

1990 ◽  
Vol 271 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
M C Sugden ◽  
Y L Liu ◽  
M J Holness
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Glucose Turnover ◽  
Fed State ◽  
Hyperthyroid State ◽  
And Storage

In the fed state, hyperthyroidism increased glucose utilization indices (GUIs) of skeletal muscles containing a lower proportion of oxidative fibres. Glycogen concentrations were unchanged, but active pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDHa) activities were decreased. Hyperthyroidism attenuated the effects of 48 h of starvation to decrease muscle GUI. Glycogen concentrations and PDHa activities after 48 h of starvation were low and similar in euthyroid and hyperthyroid rats. The increase in glucose uptake and phosphorylation relative to oxidation and storage in skeletal muscle induced by hyperthyroidism may contribute to increased glucose re-cycling in the fed hyperthyroid state and to glucose turnover in the starved hyperthyroid state.

scholarly journals Changes in rates of glucose utilization and regulation of glucose disposal by fast-twitch skeletal muscles in late pregnancy

1993 ◽  
Vol 292 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Holness ◽  
M C Sugden
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Fed State ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Fast Twitch

Glucose utilization indices (GUI) were measured in vivo in conjunction with active pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH(a) and glycogen synthase (GS) activities in fast-twitch skeletal muscles [extensor digitorum longus (EDL), tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius] of late-pregnant rats and age-matched virgin control rats in the fed state, after 24 h starvation and at 2 h after re-feeding with standard laboratory chow ad libitum after 24 h starvation. As demonstrated previously [Holness and Sugden (1990) Biochem. J 277, 429-433], GUI values of fast-twitch skeletal muscles of virgin rats were low in the fed ad libitum and the 24 h-starved states, but dramatically increased after subsequent chow re-feeding. GUI values of fast-twitch skeletal muscles of late-pregnant rats were also low in the fed and starved states and were increased by re-feeding, but the increase in GUI values elicited by re-feeding was greatly attenuated. PDHa activities in EDL, tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius in the fed state were unaffected by late pregnancy, and skeletal-muscle PDHa activities were decreased after 24 h of starvation in both groups. Whereas re-feeding of virgin rats with standard diet for 2 h restored PDHa activities in fast-twitch skeletal muscles to values for rats continuously fed ad libitum, PDHa activities in fast-twitch skeletal muscles of late-pregnant rats, although increased in response to re-feeding, remained considerably less than the corresponding fed ad libitum values after 2 h of re-feeding. In contrast, neither skeletal-muscle GS re-activation nor rates of skeletal-muscle glycogen deposition after re-feeding were markedly affected by late pregnancy. The results are discussed in relation to the specific targeting of individual pathways of glucose disposal in fast-twitch skeletal muscles during re-feeding in late pregnancy.

Skeletal muscle glucose transporter (GLUT-4) protein is decreased in lactating goats

1997 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Balage ◽  
J. F. Hocquette ◽  
B. Graulet ◽  
P. Ferre ◽  
J. Grizard
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Glut 4 ◽  
Lactating Goats ◽  
Insulin Responsiveness ◽  
Triton X

AbstractLactation in goats is associated with an insulin resistance manifested by an impairment of the ability of insulin maximally to stimulate skeletal muscle glucose utilization. The mechanism responsible for this modification is unknown. Therefore an investigation was made of the insulin-sensitive glucose transporter (GLUT-4) in three skeletal muscles from six lactating (peak of lactation) and six non-lactating goats. GLUT-4 protein content was assessed in crude membrane preparations and Triton X-100 extracts by Western-blot analysis. Lactation resulted in a decrease in GLUT-4 protein content. This decrease was more pronounced in oxidoglycolytic muscles (proportionately -0·40 to -0·60 in m. tensor fasciae latae and longissimus dorsi) than in oxidative muscles (-0·20 in masseter). Down-regulation of the insulin-sensitive glucose transporter (GLUT-4) expression in skeletal muscles from lactating goats may be responsible for the decrease in insulin responsiveness of glucose utilization previously observed in vivo.

MECHANISM OF VARIABILITY REDUCTION IN THE SYSTEM OF SKELETAL MUSCLE MANAGEMENT IN ATHLETES ACCORDING TO THE PRINCIPLE OF FUNCTIONAL SYNERGY FORMATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
S.A. Moiseev
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Small Variation ◽  
Deltoid Muscle ◽  
Simultaneous Recording ◽  
Muscle Synergy ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Left Limb

The question of physiological function variability is of great theoretical interest, since it is a part of the theory of human voluntary movement control. The skeletal muscle control system should probably have a mechanism to reduce or limit the range of its possible variations. Presumably, the organization of the motor system elements according to the principle of muscular synergy is of such a nature. The objective of the work is to study variations and signs of the coordinated bioelectric activity of skeletal muscles in one of the resulting archery phases. Materials and Methods. The study enrolled 5 highly qualified sportsmen (Master of Sport, International Master of Sport). Archers shot 10 series of 3 shots, target distance 18 m, indoors. Simultaneous recording of electrical activity of 12 skeletal muscles of the upper limb girdle and a 3D video sequence was made. The authors analyzed indicators of distribution, descriptive and variation statistics for grouped data. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify signs of consistent muscle activity. Results. Variability magnitudes, characterized by statistical parameters, established for the turn-off-peak characteristics of various muscles, did not have an explicit dependence. Muscles with relatively high scattering parameters in terms of the EMG average amplitude could have a small variation in the average number of EMG turns. The radial flexor of the left hand wrist was a part of muscular synergy in 90 % of cases, the anterior part of the left limb deltoid muscle – in 80 % of cases, the lower and upper beams of the right and left cowl muscle – in 70 % of cases. Other muscles under consideration were their part in less than 60 % of cases. Conclusion. The system of skeletal muscles that are actively involved in the resulting phases of precision movement can be controlled according to the mechanism of functional synergy formation, which probably helps to reduce the range of possible variations in the parameters of muscle electroactivity. Keywords: variability, archery, electromyography, coordination structure, muscle synergy. Вопрос вариативности физиологических функций представляет интерес в теоретическом плане, поскольку является частью теории управления произвольными движениями человека. Система управления скелетными мышцами, вероятно, должна иметь механизм, позволяющий сократить или ограничить диапазон возможных ее вариаций. Таковым, предположительно, является организация элементов моторной системы по принципу мышечных синергий. Цель работы – изучение вариаций и признаков согласованной биоэлектрической активности скелетных мышц в одной из результирующих фаз выстрела из лука. Материалы и методы. В исследованиях приняли участие 5 высококвалифицированных спортсменов (МС, МСМК). Лучники выполняли 10 серий по 3 выстрела с дистанции 18 м в крытом помещении. Производилась синхронная регистрация электрической активности 12 скелетных мышц верхнего плечевого пояса и 3D-видеоряда. Анализировались показатели распределения, описательной и вариационной статистики для сгруппированных данных. Для выявления признаков согласованной активности мышц применялся множественный регрессионный анализ. Результаты. Величины вариативности, характеризуемые статистическими параметрами, установленные для турн-аплитудных характеристик различных мышц, не имели явной зависимости. Мышцы, имеющие относительно высокие параметры разброса значений по показателю средней амплитуды ЭМГ, могли иметь небольшую вариативность среднего числа турнов ЭМГ. Лучевой сгибатель кисти левой руки являлся частью мышечной синергии в 90 % случаев, передняя часть дельтовидной мышцы левой конечности – в 80 %, нижние и верхние пучки трапециевидной мышцы правой и левой сторон – в 70 %. Другие исследуемые мышцы являлись их частью в менее чем 60 % случаев. Выводы. Управление системой скелетных мышц, принимающих активное участие в реализации одной из результирующих фаз точностного движения, может осуществляться по механизму образования функциональных синергий, что, вероятно, способствует снижению диапазона возможных вариаций параметров электроактивности мышц. Ключевые слова: вариативность, стрельба из лука, электромиография, координационная структура, мышечные синергии.

scholarly journals β-Sitosterol-D-Glucopyranoside Mimics Estrogenic Properties and Stimulates Glucose Utilization in Skeletal Muscle Cells

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3129
Author(s):  
Jyotsana Pandey ◽  
Kapil Dev ◽  
Sourav Chattopadhyay ◽  
Sleman Kadan ◽  
Tanuj Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Cells ◽  
Cell Periphery ◽  
Glut4 Translocation ◽  
In Silico Docking

Estrogenic molecules have been reported to regulate glucose homeostasis and may be beneficial for diabetes management. Here, we investigated the estrogenic effect of β-sitosterol-3-O-D-glucopyranoside (BSD), isolated from the fruits of Cupressus sempervirens and monitored its ability to regulate glucose utilization in skeletal muscle cells. BSD stimulated ERE-mediated luciferase activity in both ERα and ERβ-ERE luc expression system with greater response through ERβ in HEK-293T cells, and induced the expression of estrogen-regulated genes in estrogen responsive MCF-7 cells. In silico docking and molecular interaction studies revealed the affinity and interaction of BSD with ERβ through hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bond pairing. Furthermore, prolonged exposure of L6-GLUT4myc myotubes to BSD raised the glucose uptake under basal conditions without affecting the insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, the effect associated with enhanced translocation of GLUT4 to the cell periphery. The BSD-mediated biological response to increase GLUT4 translocation was obliterated by PI-3-K inhibitor wortmannin, and BSD significantly increased the phosphorylation of AKT (Ser-473). Moreover, BSD-induced GLUT4 translocation was prevented in the presence of fulvestrant. Our findings reveal the estrogenic activity of BSD to stimulate glucose utilization in skeletal muscle cells via PI-3K/AKT-dependent mechanism.

scholarly journals Bioengineered in vitro skeletal muscles as new tools for muscular dystrophies preclinical studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204173142098133
Author(s):  
Juan M. Fernández-Costa ◽  
Xiomara Fernández-Garibay ◽  
Ferran Velasco-Mallorquí ◽  
Javier Ramón-Azcón
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Muscular Dystrophies ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Topographical Cues

Muscular dystrophies are a group of highly disabling disorders that share degenerative muscle weakness and wasting as common symptoms. To date, there is not an effective cure for these diseases. In the last years, bioengineered tissues have emerged as powerful tools for preclinical studies. In this review, we summarize the recent technological advances in skeletal muscle tissue engineering. We identify several ground-breaking techniques to fabricate in vitro bioartificial muscles. Accumulating evidence shows that scaffold-based tissue engineering provides topographical cues that enhance the viability and maturation of skeletal muscle. Functional bioartificial muscles have been developed using human myoblasts. These tissues accurately responded to electrical and biological stimulation. Moreover, advanced drug screening tools can be fabricated integrating these tissues in electrical stimulation platforms. However, more work introducing patient-derived cells and integrating these tissues in microdevices is needed to promote the clinical translation of bioengineered skeletal muscle as preclinical tools for muscular dystrophies.

scholarly journals Ethanol and glycogen synthesis in cardiothoracic and skeletal muscles following glucose re-feeding after starvation in the rat

1992 ◽  
Vol 288 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Xu ◽  
R Thambirajah ◽  
T N Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Ethanol Administration ◽  
Ethanol Treatment ◽  
Glycaemic Response ◽  
Glucose Administration ◽  
Glycogen Deposition ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Glucose Availability

The pattern of glycogen deposition in individual cardiothoracic and skeletal muscles in response to oral and intraperitoneal glucose administration was examined in 40 h-starved rats. Rates of glycogen synthesis were consistently higher in oxidative muscles than in non-oxidative muscles. Intragastric ethanol administration was associated with an impaired glycaemic response and the almost total abolition of glycogen deposition in oxidative muscles in response to oral or intraperitoneal glucose re-feeding. This effect was dose-dependent and differential, in that ethanol produced no equivalent impairment in glycogen deposition in non-oxidative muscles. Ethanol treatment also selectively promoted glycogenolysis in oxidative muscles in the starved state. There was positive correlation (P < 0.001) between the decrease in glycogen levels in soleus and diaphragm muscles in response to increasing ethanol doses and blood glucose and lactate concentrations after intraperitoneal glucose administration, implying that the basis for the impairment in glycogen synthesis may be diminished glucose availability. The mechanism whereby ethanol may differentially compromise carbohydrate metabolism in oxidative muscles is discussed.

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