scholarly journals Identification of autodigestion target sites in Bacillus subtilis neutral proteinase

1990 ◽  
Vol 272 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
B van den Burg ◽  
V G H Eijsink ◽  
B K Stulp ◽  
G Venema
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hydrophobic Residues ◽  
Neutral Proteinase ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Target Sites ◽  
Time Specific ◽  
High Degree

Autocatalytic degradation of purified Bacillus subtilis neutral proteinase was examined under various conditions. At elevated temperatures, under non-inhibitory conditions, mature protein was rapidly degraded, but no accumulation of specific breakdown products occurred. However, by incubating purified neutral proteinase on ice during extended periods of time, specific peptides accumulated. These peptides were analysed by SDS/PAGE and Western blotting, and the N-terminal sequences were determined for the four major peptides, which had sizes of 30, 22, 20 and 15 kDa. Sequence data identified five fission sites in the neutral proteinase, three of which were identical with autodigestion target sites in thermolysin, a thermostable neutral proteinase. Comparison of the identified fission sites of the B. subtilis neutral proteinase with the known substrate-specificity of the enzyme indicated that they were in agreement, showing a preference for the generation of fissions at the N-terminal side of large hydrophobic residues, such as leucine, isoleucine and methionine. These results suggest a high degree of similarity in the three-dimensional structures of B. subtilis neutral proteinase and thermolysin.

scholarly journals Differential and Dynamic Localization of Topoisomerases in Bacillus subtilis

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (8) ◽  
pp. 3002-3011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serkalem Tadesse ◽  
Peter L. Graumann
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Replication Machinery ◽  
Dynamic Assembly ◽  
Negative Supercoiling ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Structural Maintenance Of Chromosomes ◽  
Positive Supercoiling

ABSTRACT Visualization of topoisomerases in live Bacillus subtilis cells showed that Topo I, Topo IV, and DNA gyrase differentially localize on the nucleoids but are absent at cytosolic spaces surrounding the nucleoids, suggesting that these topoisomerases interact with many regions of the chromosome. While both subunits of Topo IV were uniformly distributed throughout the nucleoids, Topo I and gyrase formed discrete accumulations, or foci, on the nucleoids in a large fraction of the cells, which showed highly dynamic movements. Three-dimensional time lapse microscopy showed that gyrase foci accumulate and dissipate within a 1-min time scale, revealing dynamic assembly and disassembly of subcelluar topoisomerase centers. Gyrase centers frequently colocalized with the central DNA replication machinery, suggesting a major role for gyrase at the replication fork, while Topo I foci were frequently close to or colocalized with the structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) chromosome segregation complex. The findings suggest that different areas of supercoiling exist on the B. subtilis nucleoids, which are highly dynamic, with a high degree of positive supercoiling attracting gyrase to the replication machinery and areas of negative supercoiling at the bipolar SMC condensation centers recruiting Topo I.

IN-102

Alloy Digest ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Iron Alloy ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Ductility ◽  
International Nickel Company ◽  
Nickel Chromium ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
High Degree

Abstract IN-102 is a nickel-chromium-iron alloy designed for long service at temperatures up to 1300 F. It combines high strength and high ductility at the elevated temperatures with a high degree of structural stability. It is used for aerospace, power and steam turbine components. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on low and high temperature performance, and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ni-147. Producer or source: International Nickel Company Inc..

PEERLESS LCT2

Alloy Digest ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Heat ◽  
High Heat Resistance ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Crucible Steel ◽  
High Degree

Abstract PEERLESS LCT2 is a hot work steel which possesses high heat resistance and a high degree of working hardness at elevated temperatures. This steel is best applied where hardness and resistance to abrasion are of more importance than toughness. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-140. Producer or source: Crucible Steel Company of America.

scholarly journals A 3D hydrodynamic flow-focusing device for cell sorting

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofei Yuan ◽  
Andrew Glidle ◽  
Hitoshi Furusho ◽  
Huabing Yin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Sorting ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hydrodynamic Flow ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Flow Focusing ◽  
Hydrodynamic Focusing ◽  
Cell Handling ◽  
Fluid Flow Control ◽  
High Degree

AbstractOptical-based microfluidic cell sorting has become increasingly attractive for applications in life and environmental sciences due to its ability of sophisticated cell handling in flow. The majority of these microfluidic cell sorting devices employ two-dimensional fluid flow control strategies, which lack the ability to manipulate the position of cells arbitrarily for precise optical detection, therefore resulting in reduced sorting accuracy and purity. Although three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamic devices have better flow-focusing characteristics, most lack the flexibility to arbitrarily position the sample flow in each direction. Thus, there have been very few studies using 3D hydrodynamic flow focusing for sorting. Herein, we designed a 3D hydrodynamic focusing sorting platform based on independent sheath flow-focusing and pressure-actuated switching. This design offers many advantages in terms of reliable acquisition of weak Raman signals due to the ability to precisely control the speed and position of samples in 3D. With a proof-of-concept demonstration, we show this 3D hydrodynamic focusing-based sorting device has the potential to reach a high degree of accuracy for Raman activated sorting.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Silk Fibroin-Based Hydrogels and Their Potential as Material for 3-Dimensional (3D) Printing

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3887
Author(s):  
Watcharapong Pudkon ◽  
Chavee Laomeephol ◽  
Siriporn Damrongsakkul ◽  
Sorada Kanokpanont ◽  
Juthamas Ratanavaraporn
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structure Stability ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Critical Technology ◽  
Box Structure ◽  
High Degree

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is regarded as a critical technology in material engineering for biomedical applications. From a previous report, silk fibroin (SF) has been used as a biomaterial for tissue engineering due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity and robust mechanical properties which provide a potential as material for 3D-printing. In this study, SF-based hydrogels with different formulations and SF concentrations (1–3%wt) were prepared by natural gelation (SF/self-gelled), sodium tetradecyl sulfate-induced (SF/STS) and dimyristoyl glycerophosphorylglycerol-induced (SF/DMPG). From the results, 2%wt SF-based (2SF) hydrogels showed suitable properties for extrusion, such as storage modulus, shear-thinning behavior and degree of structure recovery. The 4-layer box structure of all 2SF-based hydrogel formulations could be printed without structural collapse. In addition, the mechanical stability of printed structures after three-step post-treatment was investigated. The printed structure of 2SF/STS and 2SF/DMPG hydrogels exhibited high stability with high degree of structure recovery as 70.4% and 53.7%, respectively, compared to 2SF/self-gelled construct as 38.9%. The 2SF/STS and 2SF/DMPG hydrogels showed a great potential to use as material for 3D-printing due to its rheological properties, printability and structure stability.

Three-Dimensional Atomic Structure of Supported Au Nanoparticles at High Temperature

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Liu ◽  
Ece Arslan Imran ◽  
Annick De Backer ◽  
Annelies de Wael ◽  
Ivan Lobato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Atomic Structure ◽  
Au Nanoparticles ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Three Dimensional

Au nanoparticles (NPs) deposited on CeO2 are extensively used as thermal catalysts since the morphology of the NPs is expected to be stable at elevated temperatures. Although it is well...

scholarly journals Three-dimensional CFD modeling of thermal behavior of a disc brake and pad for an automobile

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-549
Author(s):  
Haydar Kepekci ◽  
Ergin Kosa ◽  
Cüneyt Ezgi ◽  
Ahmet Cihan
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Gray Cast Iron ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Brake System ◽  
Gray Cast ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Disc Brake ◽  
Disc Material

Abstract The brake system of an automobile is composed of disc brake and pad which are co-working components in braking and accelerating. In the braking period, due to friction between the surface of the disc and pad, the thermal heat is generated. It should be avoided to reach elevated temperatures in disc and pad. It is focused on different disc materials that are gray cast iron and carbon ceramics, whereas pad is made up of a composite material. In this study, the CFD model of the brake system is analyzed to get a realistic approach in the amount of transferred heat. The amount of produced heat can be affected by some parameters such as velocity and friction coefficient. The results show that surface temperature for carbon-ceramic disc material can change between 290 and 650 K according to the friction coefficient and velocity in transient mode. Also, if the disc material gray cast iron is selected, it can change between 295 and 500 K. It is claimed that the amount of dissipated heat depends on the different heat transfer coefficient of gray cast iron and carbon ceramics.

The Use of Photogrammetry in Piping Design

1983 ◽  
Vol 197 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
P A Bracewell ◽  
U R Klement
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Process Industry ◽  
Process Plant ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Positional Data

Piping design for ‘revamp’ projects in the process industry requires the retrieval of large amounts of ‘as-built’ data from existing process plant installations. Positional data with a high degree of accuracy are required. Photogrammetry, the science of measurement from photographs, was identified in Imperial Chemical Industries plc (ICI) as a suitable tool for information retrieval. The mathematical formulation enabling the definition of three-dimensional positions from photographic information is described. The process of using ICI's photogrammetric system for the definition of complete objects such as structures and pipes is illustrated. The need for specialized photogrammetric software for design purposes is explained. A case study describing how the photogrammetric system has been applied is described and graphical outputs from this exercise are shown. It is concluded that this particular photogrammetric system has proved to be a cost effective and accurate tool for the retrieval of ‘as-built’ information.

AN EFFICIENT APPROACH FOR THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL CONTAINER PACKING PROBLEM WITH PRACTICAL CONSTRAINTS

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 279-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHIHONG JIN ◽  
KATSUHISA OHNO ◽  
JIALI DU
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Packing Problem ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Benchmark Problems ◽  
Rectangular Container ◽  
Efficient Packing ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Practical Constraints ◽  
Inherent Stability

This paper deals with the three-dimensional container packing problem (3DCPP), which is to pack a number of items orthogonally onto a rectangular container so that the utilization rate of the container space or the total value of loaded items is maximized. Besides the above objectives, some other practical constraints, such as loading stability, the rotation of items around the height axis, and the fixed loading (unloading) orders, must be considered for the real-life 3DCPP. In this paper, a sub-volume based simulated annealing meta-heuristic algorithm is proposed, which aims at generating flexible and efficient packing patterns and providing a high degree of inherent stability at the same time. Computational experiments on benchmark problems show its efficiency.

scholarly journals Bacillus subtilis Neutral Proteinase

1964 ◽  
Vol 239 (11) ◽  
pp. 3706-3715
Author(s):  
James Dwight McConn ◽  
Daisuke Tsuru ◽  
Kerry T. Yasunobu
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Neutral Proteinase
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