scholarly journals Metabolism of hexacosatetraenoic acid (C26:4,n-6) in immature rat brain

1990 ◽  
Vol 267 (2) ◽  
pp. 561-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
B S Robinson ◽  
D W Johnson ◽  
A Poulos
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Beta Oxidation ◽  
Chain Lengths ◽  
Neonatal Rat Brain

Rat brain was recently found to contain polyenoic very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) belonging to the n-3 and n-6 series with four, five and six double bonds and even-carbon chain lengths from 24 to 38 [Robinson, Johnson & Poulos (1990) Biochem. J. 265, 763-767]. In the present paper, the metabolism in vivo of hexacosatetraenoic acid (C26:4,n-6) was studied in neonatal rat brain. Rats were injected intracerebrally with [1-14C]C26:4,n-6 and the labelled metabolites were examined after 4 h. Radioactivity was detected mainly in non-esterified fatty acids, with smaller amounts in other neutral lipids and phospholipids. Radiolabelled fatty acid products included C28-36 tetraenoic and C26-28 pentaenoic VLCFA formed by elongation and desaturation of the substrate, and C14-24 saturated, C16-24 monoenoic, C18-24 dienoic, C18-22 trienoic and C20-24 tetraenoic fatty acids formed from released [1-14C]acetate either by synthesis de novo or by elongation of endogenous fatty acids. The data suggest that polyenoic VLCFA are synthesized in brain from shorter-chain precursor fatty acids and undergo beta-oxidation.

scholarly journals Unique molecular species of phosphatidylcholine containing very-long-chain (C24-C38) polyenoic fatty acids in rat brain

1990 ◽  
Vol 265 (3) ◽  
pp. 763-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
B S Robinson ◽  
D W Johnson ◽  
A Poulos
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Molecular Species ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Adult Rat Brain ◽  
Chain Lengths ◽  
Neonatal Rat Brain ◽  
Long Chain

Rat brain has been shown to contain polyenoic very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) belonging to the n-3 and n-6 series with four, five and six double bonds and even-carbon chain lengths from 24 to 38. These fatty acids are almost exclusively located in unusual molecular species of phosphatidylcholine at the sn-1 position of the glycerol backbone, whereas saturated, monoenoic and polyenoic fatty acids with less than 24 carbon atoms are present at the sn-2 position. Polyenoic VLCFA phosphatidylcholine in neonatal rat brain is enriched with n-6 pentaenoic and n-3 hexaenoic VLCFA with up to 36 carbon atoms, whereas the corresponding phospholipid in adult rat brain mainly contains n-6 tetraenoic and n-3 pentaenoic VLCFA with up to 38 carbon atoms. The total amount of polyenoic VLCFA associated with phosphatidylcholine is highest in the brain of immature animals. Polyenoic VLCFA phosphatidylcholine appears to be predominantly confined to nervous tissue in rats, and it is envisaged that this phospholipid is of physiological significance.

In vivo diffusion tensor imaging of the neonatal rat brain development

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Breu ◽  
D Reisinger ◽  
D Wu ◽  
Y Zhang ◽  
A Fatemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Neonatal Rat Brain

Mitochondrial lipids in Bufo arenarum full-grown oocytes

Zygote ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Gili ◽  
Telma S. Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Unsaturation Index ◽  
Mitochondrial Fraction ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Inner Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Bufo Arenarum ◽  
Chain Lengths

Both the content and composition of polar and neutral lipids from the mitochondrial fraction of ovarian full-grown Bufo arenarum oocytes were analysed in the present study. Triacylglycerols (TAG) represent 33% of the total lipids, followed by phosphatidylcholine (PC), free fatty acids (FFA) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). Diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG) or cardiolipin, a specific component of the inner mitochondrial membrane, represents about 4% of the total lipid content. Palmitic (16:0) and arachidonic (20:4n6) acids are the most abundant fatty acids in PC and PE, respectively. DPG is enriched in fatty acids with carbon chain lengths of 18, the principal component being linoleic acid. In phosphatidylinositol (PI), 20:4n6 and stearic acid (18:0) represent about 72 mol% of the total acyl group level. The main fatty acids in TAG are linoleic (18:2), oleic (18:1), and palmitic acids. The fatty acid composition of FFA and diacylglycerols (DAG) is similar, 16:0 being the most abundant acyl group. PE is the most unsaturated lipid and sphingomyelin (SM) has the lowest unsaturation index.

scholarly journals Structure and lipid distribution of polyenoic very-long-chain fatty acids in the brain of peroxisome-deficient patients (Zellweger syndrome)

1987 ◽  
Vol 248 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Sharp ◽  
A Poulos ◽  
A Fellenberg ◽  
D Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Zellweger Syndrome ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Chain Elongation ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Beta Oxidation ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

The polyenoic fatty acids with carbon chain lengths from 26 to 38 (very-long-chain fatty acids, VLCFA) previously detected in abnormal amounts in Zellweger syndrome brain have been shown to be n-6 derivatives and therefore probably derived by chain elongation of shorter-chain n-6 fatty acids such as linoleic acid and arachidonic acid. Polyenoic VLCFA are also present in Zellweger syndrome liver, but this tissue differs significantly from brain in that the saturated and mono-unsaturated derivatives are the major VLCFA. Zellweger syndrome brain polyenoic VLCFA are present in the neutral lipids predominantly in cholesterol esters, with smaller amounts in the non-esterified fatty acid and triacylglycerol fractions. These fatty acids are barely detectable in any of the major phospholipids, but are present in significant amounts in an unidentified minor phospholipid. The polyenoic VLCFA composition of this lipid differs markedly from that observed for all other lipids, as it contains high proportions of pentaenoic and hexaenoic fatty acids with 34, 36 and 38 carbon atoms. A polar lipid with the chromatographic properties in normal brain contains similar fatty acids. It is postulated that the polyenoic VLCFA may play an important role in normal brain and accumulate in Zellweger syndrome brain because of a deficiency in the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway, although a possible peroxisomal role in the control of carbon-chain elongation cannot be discounted.

Histamine H2-receptor mediated activation of neonatal rat brain ornithine decarboxylase in vivo

1988 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Rodriguez ◽  
Alfonso Toledo ◽  
Regina Brandner ◽  
Ricardo Rodriguez ◽  
Josefa Sabria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Ornithine Decarboxylase ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Histamine H2 Receptor ◽  
H2 Receptor ◽  
Neonatal Rat Brain
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