scholarly journals Renal hypertrophy in experimental diabetes. The activity of the ‘de novo’ and salvage pathways of protein synthesis

1988 ◽  
Vol 252 (3) ◽  
pp. 935-935
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Renal Hypertrophy ◽  
Salvage Pathways

scholarly journals Renal hypertrophy in experimental diabetes. The activity of the ‘de novo’ and salvage pathways of purine [corrected] synthesis

1988 ◽  
Vol 249 (3) ◽  
pp. 911-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Kunjara ◽  
S J Beardsley ◽  
A L Greenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Salvage Pathway ◽  
Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate ◽  
Renal Hypertrophy ◽  
Early Diabetes ◽  
Nucleotide Synthesis ◽  
Main Route ◽  
Salvage Pathways

Measurements were made of the activity of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (PPRibP-At, EC 2.4.2.14) and of adenine (APRT, EC 2.4.2.7) and hypoxanthine (HPRT, EC 2.4.2.8) phosphoribosyltransferases, representing the ‘de novo’ and salvage pathways respectively. PPRibP-At activity increased within 3 days of diabetes, whereas APRT and HPRT increased later. Incorporation of [14C]formate and of [8-14C]adenine into the nucleic acids of kidney slices showed that formate was incorporated earlier, and to a greater extent, than was adenine. These results indicate that, although the ‘de novo’ pathway for nucleotide synthesis is the main route in early diabetes, the salvage pathway assumes greater importance at later stages.

Enzymes of the de novo and Salvage Pathways of Purine Synthesis in Renal Hypertrophy

Enzyme ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Beardsley ◽  
Sirilaksana Kunjara ◽  
Milena Sochor ◽  
Leslie Greenbaum
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Renal Hypertrophy ◽  
Purine Synthesis ◽  
Salvage Pathways

The Morphology of the Rat Kidney Following Folic Acid Administration

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 200-201
Author(s):  
Aline Byrnes ◽  
Elsa E. Ramos ◽  
Minoru Suzuki ◽  
E.D. Mayfield
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Intracellular Localization ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Renal Hypertrophy ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Biochemical Alterations

Renal hypertrophy was induced in 100 g male rats by the injection of 250 mg folic acid (FA) dissolved in 0.3 M NaHCO3/kg body weight (i.v.). Preliminary studies of the biochemical alterations in ribonucleic acid (RNA) metabolism of the renal tissue have been reported recently (1). They are: RNA content and concentration, orotic acid-c14 incorporation into RNA and acid soluble nucleotide pool, intracellular localization of the newly synthesized RNA, and the specific activity of enzymes of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway. The present report describes the light and electron microscopic observations in these animals. For light microscopy, kidney slices were fixed in formalin, embedded, sectioned, and stained with H & E and PAS.

scholarly journals De novo expression and antibacterial potential of four lactoferricin peptides in cell-free protein synthesis system

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. e00583
Author(s):  
Nawal Abd El-Baky ◽  
Maie Ahmed Elkhawaga ◽  
Eman Shawky Abdelkhalek ◽  
Mona Mohammed Sharaf ◽  
Elrashdy Mustafa Redwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Synthesis System ◽  
Free Protein ◽  
Protein Synthesis System ◽  
Cell Free Protein Synthesis ◽  
Antibacterial Potential

scholarly journals Viral Gene Expression Patterns in Human Herpesvirus 6B-Infected T Cells

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (15) ◽  
pp. 7578-7586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bodil Øster ◽  
Per Höllsberg
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Viral Gene Expression ◽  
Polymerase Activity ◽  
Viral Gene ◽  
De Novo Protein Synthesis

ABSTRACT Herpesvirus gene expression is divided into immediate-early (IE) or α genes, early (E) or β genes, and late (L) or γ genes on the basis of temporal expression and dependency on other gene products. By using real-time PCR, we have investigated the expression of 35 human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) genes in T cells infected by strain PL-1. Kinetic analysis and dependency on de novo protein synthesis and viral DNA polymerase activity suggest that the HHV-6B genes segregate into six separate kinetic groups. The genes expressed early (groups I and II) and late (groups V and VI) corresponded well with IE and L genes, whereas the intermediate groups III and IV contained E and L genes. Although HHV-6B has characteristics similar to those of other roseoloviruses in its overall gene regulation, we detected three B-variant-specific IE genes. Moreover, genes that were independent of de novo protein synthesis clustered in an area of the viral genome that has the lowest identity to the HHV-6A variant. The organization of IE genes in an area of the genome that differs from that of HHV-6A underscores the distinct differences between HHV-6B and HHV-6A and may provide a basis for further molecular and immunological analyses to elucidate their different biological behaviors.

De novo protein synthesis in relation to ammonia and proline accumulation in water stressed white clover

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae-Hwan Kim ◽  
Bok-Rye Lee ◽  
Woo-Jin Jung ◽  
Kil-Yong Kim ◽  
Jean-Christophe Avice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
White Clover ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Proline Accumulation ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Total N ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
De Novo Protein Synthesis

The kinetics of protein incorporation from newly-absorbed nitrogen (N, de novo protein synthesis) was estimated by 15N tracing in 18-week-old white clover plants (Trifolium repens L. cv. Regal) during 7 d of water-deficit treatment. The physiological relationship between kinetics and accumulation of proline and ammonia in response to the change in leaf-water parameters was also assessed. All leaf-water parameters measured decreased gradually under water deficit. Leaf and root dry mass was not significantly affected during the first 3 d when decreases in leaf-water parameters were substantial. However, metabolic parameters such as total N, proline and ammonia were significantly affected within 1 d of commencement of water-deficit treatment. Water-deficit treatment significantly increased the proline and NH3–NH4+ concentrations in both leaves and roots. There was a marked reduction in the amount of N incorporated into the protein fraction from the newly absorbed N (NANP) in water-deficit stressed plants, particularly in leaf tissue. This reduction in NANP was strongly associated with an increased concentration of NH3–NH4+ in roots (P≤0.05) and proline (P≤0.01) in leaves and roots. These results suggest that proline accumulation may be a sensitive biochemical indicator of plant water status and of the dynamics of de novo protein synthesis in response to stress severity.

scholarly journals Protein synthesis persists during necrotic cell death

2005 ◽  
Vol 168 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Saelens ◽  
Nele Festjens ◽  
Eef Parthoens ◽  
Isabel Vanoverberghe ◽  
Michael Kalai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Translation Initiation Factor ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Necrotic Cell Death ◽  
Necrotic Cell ◽  
Proteolytic Activation ◽  
Double Stranded Rna ◽  
Molecular Events

Cell death is an intrinsic part of metazoan development and mammalian immune regulation. Whereas the molecular events orchestrating apoptosis have been characterized extensively, little is known about the biochemistry of necrotic cell death. Here, we show that, in contrast to apoptosis, the induction of necrosis does not lead to the shut down of protein synthesis. The rapid drop in protein synthesis observed in apoptosis correlates with caspase-dependent breakdown of eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF) 4G, activation of the double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase PKR, and phosphorylation of its substrate eIF2-α. In necrosis induced by tumor necrosis factor, double-stranded RNA, or viral infection, de novo protein synthesis persists and 28S ribosomal RNA fragmentation, eIF2-α phosphorylation, and proteolytic activation of PKR are absent. Collectively, these results show that, in contrast to apoptotic cells, necrotic dying cells retain the opportunity to synthesize proteins.

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