scholarly journals The periphery of the developing collagen fibril. Quantitative relationships with dermatan sulphate and other surface-associated species

1984 ◽  
Vol 218 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
J E Scott
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Collagen Fibril ◽  
Developmental Period ◽  
Dermatan Sulphate ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Sulphate Content ◽  
Electron Histochemistry ◽  
Associated Species ◽  
The Relationship

Dermatan sulphate, hydroxyproline and collagen fibril diameters were measured in flexor tendons from chick and calf limbs, from early in embryonic development to maturity. The collagen fibril is viewed as a long thin cylinder. A species X present at the periphery of the cylinder, regularly and specifically arrayed along the fibril, should then satisfy the relationship [X]/[collagen]r = k where [X] and [collagen] are tissue concentrations of X and collagen, and r is the fibril radius. Throughout the developmental period studied, dermatan sulphate (i.e.X) in chick, calf and rat tendons fits the relationship, implying that it is specifically, regularly and entirely associated with collagen fibrils, thus confirming and extended previous electron histochemistry [Scott & Orford (1981) Biochem. J. 197, 213-216]. This approach explains the pattern of change of dermatan sulphate content during development of the tendon. The findings imply that the dermatan sulphate proteoglycan-collagen interaction is evolutionarily highly conserved. The relationship [X]/[collagen]r = k is used to show that surface concentrations of covalently bound species, such as extension propeptides, can be easily assessed, given the data base described in paragraph 1 above.

scholarly journals Intergovernmental Organizations and Foreign Policy Behavior: Some Empirical Findings

1979 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 494-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. McCormick ◽  
Young W. Kihl
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Intergovernmental Organizations ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Policy Behavior ◽  
High Politics ◽  
Foreign Policy Behavior

In this study, we evaluate whether the increase in the number of intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) has resulted in their increased use for foreign policy behavior by the nations of the world. This question is examined in three related ways: (1) the aggregate use of IGOs for foreign policy behavior; (2) the relationship between IGO membership and IGO use; and (3) the kinds of states that use IGOs. Our data base consists of the 35 nations in the CREON (Comparative Research on the Events of Nations) data set for the years 1959–1968.The main findings are that IGOs were employed over 60 percent of the time with little fluctuation on a year-by-year basis, that global and “high politics” IGOs were used more often than regional and “low politics” IGOs, that institutional membership and IGO use were generally inversely related, and that the attributes of the states had limited utility in accounting for the use of intergovernmental organizations. Some of the theoretical implications of these findings are then explored.

scholarly journals MicroRNA Expression Profiles Analysis in Sperm Reveals hsa-mir-191 is an Auspicious Omen of in Vitro Fertilization

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Xu ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Zhikai Wang ◽  
Jianhui Li ◽  
Zhiming Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Early Human

Abstract Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of noncoding small RNAs that play important roles in many physiological processes by regulating gene expression. Previous studies have shown that the expression levels of total miRNAs increase during mouse embryonic development, and some miRNAs control the regulatory network in development progression. However, few studies have focused on the effects of miRNAs on early human embryonic development. The relationship between miRNAs and early human embryogenesis is still unknown. Results:In this study, RNA-seq data collected from sperm samples from 102 patients with a normal sperm index but treated with assisted reproductive technology (ART) were analyzed for the relationships between differentially expressed small RNAs and the fertilization rate (FR), blastocyst rate and high-quality embryo rate (HQER). The sperm samples with high hsa-mir-191 expression had a higher FR, effective embryo rate (EER) and HQER. hsa-mir-191 was used as a single indicator to predict the HQER. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve had an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.686. We also found that hsa-mir-191 expression is correlated with an abnormal sperm rate (cor = 0.29, p< 0.01). We also evaluated the relationship between hsa-mir-34c and early human embryo development in these 102 sperm samples and obtained negative results. Conclusions: These findings suggest that high hsa-mir-191-5p expression in sperm is associated with early human embryonic quality and that hsa-mir-191-5p could be used as a potential marker to screen high-quality sperm to improve the success rates of in vitro fertilization (IVF).

scholarly journals MicroRNA Expression Profiles Analysis in Sperm Reveals hsa-mir-191 is an Auspicious Omen of in Vitro Fertilization

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Xu ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Zhikai Wang ◽  
Jianhui Li ◽  
Zhiming Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Small Rna Sequencing ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Early Human

Abstract Background : MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of noncoding small RNAs that play important roles in many physiological processes by regulating gene expression. Previous studies have shown that the expression levels of total miRNAs increase during mouse embryonic development, and some miRNAs control the regulatory network in development progression. However, few studies have focused on the effects of miRNAs on early human embryonic development. The relationship between miRNAs and early human embryogenesis is still unknown. Results: In this study, sperm samples from 102 patients with a normal sperm index but treated with assisted reproductive technology (ART) were collected for small RNA sequencing, and the relationships between differentially expressed small RNAs and the fertilization rate (FR), blastocyst rate and high-quality embryo rate (HQER) were analyzed. The sperm samples with high hsa-mir-191 expression had a higher FR, effective embryo rate (EER) and HQER. hsa-mir-191 was used as a single indicator to predict the HQER. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve had an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.686. We also found that hsa-mir-191 expression is correlated with an abnormal sperm rate (cor = 0.29, p < 0.01). We also evaluated the relationship between hsa-mir-34c and early human embryo development in these 102 sperm samples and obtained negative results. Conclusions: These findings suggest that high hsa-mir-191-5p expression is associated with improved early human embryonic development and that hsa-mir-191-5p could be used as a potential marker to screen high-quality sperm to improve the success rates of in vitro fertilization (IVF).

scholarly journals SURVEY OF BREAST CANCER IN WASIT PROVINCE , IRAQ

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Total Cancer ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Cancer is one of the most common causes of death among females. In our research, cancer data were collected in Wasit Governorate for patients who were referred to Al-Zahra Educational Hospital for the period From February 2010 to February 2019. The results showed that breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in Wasit governorate and by percentage (35.4%) with 341 out of 966 cases of cancer. Methods: Data were collected from data base between the year (2010 to 2019), with the highest rate of cases in 2013, which isaround 139 cases , of these cases around 71 were breast cancer (51.07% recurrence). Surprisingly the lowest cases were recorded in a year after (2014) with total cancer cases of 65 from them 21 cases of breast cancer only. Results: About the relationship between breast cancer and gender, breast cancer recorded 95.60% of the cases in females, while percentage of men cases only 4.39%. Conclusion: The higher percentage of the cases were around 40- 49 years old , 92 cases (27%) , 80 cases (23.5%) were in the age group (50-59 years) and 65cases (19%) were in the age group (30-39 years) and 51 cases (15%) were in the age group (60-69 years) ). The lowest percentage of breast cancer was in the 10-19 age group, with only two cases (0.5%).

scholarly journals Natural factors of technological accidents: the case of Russia

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2227-2234 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Data Base ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Overhead Lines ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Russian Far East ◽  
Special Protection

Abstract. The data base of technological accidents and disasters that have occurred in Russia has been created. More than 13 000 information units have been collected and analyzed. The proportion of accidents triggered by natural events (natural-technological accidents or NTA) in the total number of technological accidents as well as a part of every NTA type in the total number of NTA was estimated. About 10 percent of all accidents registered in the data base were caused by natural events; among some types of accidents this proportion is even higher. Transmission facilities with more than 90 percent of overhead lines are the most vulnerable to the impact of natural hazards. The contribution of different natural hazards was evaluated. Regions with the greatest NTA risk were revealed. The influence of natural events on the technosphere is stronger in the South of the European Russia and in the Russian Far East, which are more exposed to hurricanes, snowstorms, rainfalls, icing and other natural hazards producing NTA. The critical infrastructure needs special protection and modernization in these regions. The problem of the relationship between natural hazards and the technosphere is very complicated and needs further investigation, especially taking the expected climate changes into consideration.

scholarly journals The Effect of Precipitation on Sediment Transport at Batang Padang River, Perak

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 1276-1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Farehah Amat ◽  
Mohd Shalahuddin Adnan ◽  
Zawani Mohd Zahudi ◽  
Yuliarahmadila Erfen ◽  
Noorfathiah Che Ali
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Positive Reaction ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
River Management ◽  
Transport Rate ◽  
Sediment Data ◽  
The Relationship

Study of sediment management is important to ensure the sedimentation process that occurred can be properly managed. Sediment have a positive correlation with the precipitation where, if the amount of precipitation is high then the sediment transport rate also will be increase. The additional of sediment into the river will shallow the river and lead to flooding. Thus, this analysis is carried out on the Batang Padang River to prove that there is a positive reaction by the precipitation and the amount of sediment, and will affect river management. The precipitation and sediment data from 1982 to 1996 were retrieved from Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID) data base. Statistical analysis using the methods of correlation was used to determine the relationship between two variable has been prescribed. Based on the analyzed data, the highest value of rainfall was 3832.5 mm in 1988, and the highest value of sediment is 15331.9 tonnes/year was accured in 1985. Grade correlation is between 0:51 to 0.94 for observations fifteen years. Where the average grade of correlation that has been analyzed is 0.7. The results of the data analysis clearly shows that precipitation has a significant relationship with sediment.

Comparison of Erythrocyte and Skeletal Muscle Creatine Accumulation Following Creatine Loading

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Preen ◽  
Brian T. Dawson ◽  
Carmel Goodman ◽  
John Beilby ◽  
Simon Ching
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Biopsy ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Reliable Measure ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Muscle Creatine ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Muscle Biopsies

This study attempted to determine the relationship between creatine (Cr) accumulation in human skeletal muscle and erythrocytes following Cr supplementation. If a strong relationship exists, a blood test might provide a practical, less invasive alternative than muscle biopsy for evaluating cellular Cr accumulation. Eighteen active, but not well-trained males were supplemented with Cr (4 × 5g/d) for 5 d. Muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) were obtained pre- and post-loading and analyzed for Cr, phosphocreatine (PCr), and total Cr (TCr) content. Venous blood was also drawn at these times to determine erythrocyte Cr concentrations. Muscle Cr, PCr, and TCr concentrations were elevated (P < 0.05) by 39.8%, 7.5%, and 20.1% respectively following supplementation. Erythrocyte Cr concentrations were also elevated (P < 0.01) following the loading period, although to a greater relative degree than tissue concentrations (129.6%). Pre- and post-loading erythrocyte Cr concentrations were poorly and nonsignificantly correlated with that observed in skeletal muscle. Further, loading-mediated increases in erythrocyte Cr concentrations were poorly correlated with elevations in muscle Cr (r = 0.07), PCr (r = 0.06) or TCr (r = 0.04) concentrations. Erythrocyte Cr concentrations can be augmented by 5 d of Cr supplementation, however, this elevation does not reflect that observed in skeletal muscle obtained by muscle biopsy. Consequently, erythrocyte response to Cr loading is not a reliable measure of skeletal muscle Cr/TCr accumulation.

How to check understanding across languages. An introduction into the Pragmatic Index of Language Distance (PILaD) usable to measure mutual understanding in receptive multilingualism, illustrated by conversations in Russian, Ukrainian and Polish

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Rehbein ◽  
Olena Romaniuk
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Pragmatic Theory ◽  
Multilingual Communication ◽  
Communicative Success ◽  
Data Program ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe paper proposes, under the roof-concept of a method abbreviated PILaD, a combination of quantitative and qualitative procedures aiming to clarify the relationship of ``closely related languages'' (Voegelin and Harris 1951). The method is based on the functional-pragmatic theory of `Communicative Apparatus', a cross-linguistically operating interactive structure, which is modified by Lingua Receptiva communication. The data consist of 4 Russian-Ukrainian, 4 Polish-Ukrainian and 4 Polish-Russian conversations which were recorded with a digital camera and transcribed in a HIAT transcription format under the multiparty data program EXMARaLDA. Cases of `problematic understanding' defined in terms of problematic utterances are related to the total number of utterances in a discourse. The communicative success is compared across the three language constellations and refined down to every participant. Statistical analysis gives an overall picture of how receptive multilingualism works in the three language constellations. The findings reveal that receptive multilingual communication between Polish, Russian and Ukrainian interactants is generally successful, yet, not symmetric, but depends itself on the direction of intelligibility. A summary of the PILaD method and the data base are attached.

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