scholarly journals Direct deamination of AMP, ADP, ATP and NADH by non-specific adenylate deaminase in the foot muscle of the snail Helix pomatia

1983 ◽  
Vol 215 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J Stankiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Helix Pomatia ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Fresh Tissue ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Adenylate Deaminase ◽  
Snail Enzyme ◽  
Snail Helix Pomatia ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Very High ◽  
Millimolar Concentration

Homogeneous adenylate deaminase from snail foot muscle deaminated 5′-AMP, 5′-ADP, 5′-ATP and NADH with similar velocity and affinity to all substrates. At millimolar concentration NAD+ was also deaminated to a comparable extent, but NADP+, NADPH and FAD were not substrates for the snail enzyme. The amount of deaminase activity per g of fresh tissue is 5-10 times greater than in the muscle of any other species studied. The activity of the snail deaminase is regulated by pH, KCl and buffer concentrations, and Pi; however, regulation seems to be very poor in comparison with that of muscle deaminases from other species, specific to 5′-AMP. Snail enzyme appears as the first animal deaminase so far described that has such characteristics. It offers also some opportunities as an analytical tool as a consequence of its very high affinity toward adenylates.

HYDROLYSIS OF CONJUGATED ESTROGEN FRACTIONS IN HUMAN PREGNANCY URINE

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1501-1514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidsel Bugge ◽  
Mona Nilsen ◽  
Ann Metcalfe-Gibson ◽  
R. Hobkirk
Keyword(s):  
Helix Pomatia ◽  
Enzyme Hydrolysis ◽  
Digestive Juice ◽  
Human Pregnancy ◽  
Mammalian Liver ◽  
Pregnancy Urine ◽  
Snail Enzyme ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Snail Helix Pomatia ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The release of six estrogen fractions from conjugation in human pregnancy urines has been studied using various hydrolytic methods. The estrogens concerned were estrone, estradiol-17β (estradiol), 2-methoxyestrone, 16-epiestriol, and a ring D ketolic fraction (mainly 16α-hydroxyestrone). Considerable amounts of urinary estrone and ring D ketolic estrogens may be conjugated in a non-glucuronide form. In these cases an enzyme preparation containing β-glucuronidase and sulphatase, prepared from the digestive juice of the snail Helix pomatia, proved to be superior to β-glucuronidase enzymes of bacterial or mammalian liver origin. Conventional hot acid hydrolysis yielded levels of estrone, estradiol, estriol, and 16-epiestriol which agreed fairly well with those obtained following snail enzyme hydrolysis. In some urines, hot acid treatment was not suitable for hydrolysis of conjugated 2-methoxyestrone. Optimum hydrolytic conditions for both normal and diabetic pregnancy urines were realized by incubating for 24 hours with 500 units of the snail β-glucuronidase and 250 units of sulphatase/ml of urine at pH 5.2 and 37–38 °C.

Design and validation of the Gingkolide estimation using RP-HPLC analytical tool

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Siddeswari T ◽  
Panneerselvam P ◽  
Vijayamma G ◽  
Nithya Kalyani K ◽  
Jeslin D ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Partial Seizures ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Genetically Engineered Mice ◽  
Alpha Receptors ◽  
Very High

Gingkolide is an antiseizure medicine used as an adjuvant of partial seizures and GAD to relieve neuropathic pain. It binds to the very high affinity alpha delta site in the CNS. Although the drug's mechanism remains unclear, in genetically engineered mice and other anticonvulsive models, findings showed that it binds to alpha receptors. A rapid rise in the number of drugs added to each class of drugs has been noted. Whether in a single or multi-drug delivery form, these medications are developed into newer formulations. These newest formulations put on the market need a new investigation to estimate the medication in the formulations. In the scientific literature, the current analytical procedures for such drugs are available, but not all approaches are stable and economical to use. Few other techniques are often time-consuming. The goal of this work was to develop an RP-HPLC analytical tool for Gingkolide estimation. The drug's RP-PLC study meets the drug's optimum integrity, suitability, regeneration. The drug's LOQ and LOD were reached with elevated sensitivity. Overall, the results show that the recommended analytical approach in the formulation should be used to evaluate the drug. For regular study of the medication in its dosage form, this approach may be recommended.

Effects of Heparin Oligosaccharides with High Affinity for Antithrombin III in Experimental Venous Thrombosis

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (03) ◽  
pp. 244-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
D P Thomas ◽  
Rosemary E Merton ◽  
T W Barrowcliffe ◽  
L Thunberg ◽  
U Lindahl
Keyword(s):  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
High Specific Activity ◽  
Factor Xa ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Very High

SummaryThe in vitro and in vivo characteristics of two oligosaccharide heparin fragments have been compared to those of unfractionated mucosal heparin. A decasaccharide fragment had essentially no activity by APTT or calcium thrombin time assays in vitro, but possessed very high specific activity by anti-Factor Xa assays. When injected into rabbits at doses of up to 80 ¼g/kg, this fragment was relatively ineffective in impairing stasis thrombosis despite producing high blood levels by anti-Xa assays. A 16-18 monosaccharide fragment had even higher specific activity (almost 2000 iu/mg) by chromogenic substrate anti-Xa assay, with minimal activity by APTT. When injected in vivo, this fragment gave low blood levels by APTT, very high anti-Xa levels, and was more effective in preventing thrombosis than the decasaccharide fragment. However, in comparison with unfractionated heparin, the 16-18 monosaccharide fragment was only partially effective in preventing thrombosis, despite producing much higher blood levels by anti-Xa assays.It is concluded that the high-affinity binding of a heparin fragment to antithrombin III does not by itself impair venous thrombogenesis, and that the anti-Factor Xa activity of heparin is only a partial expression of its therapeutic potential.

Reproduction of the Roman snail (Helix pomatia L.) from a local natural population in farm conditions and in a natural habitat

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Ligaszewski ◽  
Przemysław Pol
Keyword(s):  
Natural Population ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Helix Pomatia ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Animal Reproduction ◽  
Snail Helix Pomatia ◽  
June July ◽  
A Site

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the quality of clutches and reproduction results of two groups of Roman snails (Helix pomatia) from the same local population, laying eggs simultaneously in semi-natural farm conditions and in a natural habitat. The study material were Roman snails aged 2 or more years which had entered the third phenological season of their life and thus the first season of sexual maturity. Observations were conducted at an earthen enclosure in a greenhouse belonging to the experimental farm for edible snails at the National Research Institute of Animal Reproduction in Balice near Kraków (Poland) as well as at a site where a local population naturally occurs in the uncultivated park surrounding the Radziwiłł Palace. In the June-July season, differences among such parameters as weight of clutch, number of eggs in clutch, mean egg weight, and hatchling percentage when compared to the total number of eggs in the clutch were compared. It was determined that clutches of eggs from the natural population laid in the greenhouse were of lesser weight (P<0.01), contained fewer eggs (P<0.05), and the mean weight of individual eggs was less (P<0.05) than in clutches laid simultaneously in a natural habitat. Both in the greenhouse and the natural habitat, in the first phase of laying eggs (June) the weight of the clutch and number of eggs its contained were greater than in the second phase (July). However, only for snails laying eggs in the greenhouse were these differences statistically significant (P<0.05) and highly significant (P<0.01), respectively. Statistically significant differences were not observed in hatchling percentage between eggs laid in the greenhouse and the natural habitat. The lower number of eggs laid in the farmed conditions of the greenhouse was successfully compensated for by the absence of mass destruction by rodents which occurred in the natural habitat.

scholarly journals Tityus serrulatus venom contains two classes of toxins. Tityus gamma toxin is a new tool with a very high affinity for studying the Na+ channel.

1982 ◽  
Vol 257 (21) ◽  
pp. 12553-12558
Author(s):  
J Barhanin ◽  
J R Giglio ◽  
P Léopold ◽  
A Schmid ◽  
S V Sampaio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Na Channel ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Tityus Serrulatus ◽  
Tityus Serrulatus Venom ◽  
Very High
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