scholarly journals Segregation into separate rouleaux of erythrocytes from different species. Evidence against the agglomerin hypothesis of rouleaux formation

1983 ◽  
Vol 214 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
D R Forsdyke ◽  
P M Ford
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Rouleau Formation ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Rouleaux Formation

Erythrocytes from one species were labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate and mixed with unlabelled erythrocytes from another species. Albumin polymers were added to generate rouleaux. The species of origin of erythrocytes in rouleaux was determined by fluorescence microscopy. Erythrocytes from different species segregated into independent rouleaux. However, fluorescent and non-fluorescent erythrocytes from one individual were mixed randomly in rouleaux. These results confirm, using a novel experimental approach, previous observations of Sewchand & Canham [(1976) Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 54, 437-442]. Since rouleaugenic agents are not species-specific, under the ‘agglomerin’ hypothesis of rouleau formation they would be expected to form bridges between cells from different species. It follows that either the agglomerin hypothesis is incorrect, or additional species-specific surface components are involved in the aggregation of agglomerin-cross-bridged cells.

Species-specific responses of tree saplings to herbivory in contrasting light environments: An experimental approach

Ecoscience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Baraza ◽  
Regino Zamora ◽  
José A. Hódar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Species Specific

scholarly journals Uptake of fluorescent-labeled BSA into root cells: endocytosis?

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kaźmierczak ◽  
J. Maszewski
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Cytochalasin B ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Root Zones ◽  
Species Specific

Incorporation of rhodamine- and fluorescein-isothiocyanate labeled bovine serum albumin (BSA-TRITC, BSA-FITC) was examined in different root zones of the 3-day-old seedlings in <em>Melandrium noctiflorum</em>, <em>Allium cepa</em> and <em>Zea mays</em>. The uptake of fluorescent-labeled BSA was found: (1) species-specific, (2) cell-type dependent, and (3) cytochalasin B-sensitive. The characteristic punctute distribution of vesicles within the cytoplasm suggests the internalization of labeled proteins by endocytosis.

Internalisation of fluorescein isothiocyanate and fluorescein isothiocyanatedextran by suspension-cultured plant cells

1990 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-730
Author(s):  
LOUISE COLE ◽  
JULLIAN COLEMAN ◽  
DAVID EVANS ◽  
CHRIS HAWES
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Apparent Difference ◽  
Carrot Cells ◽  
Intracellular Compartments ◽  
Vacuolar System

The uptake of pure non-conjugated fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and of the membraneimpermeant probe FITC—dextran into suspensioncultured carrot cells and protoplasts has been investigated. Commercial samples of a 70K (K=103Mr) FITC—dextran were shown to contain contaminant FITC and/or its degradation products, which were rapidly internalised into the vacuolar system of both cells and protoplasts. However, purified samples of the 70K FITC—dextran were taken up into the vacuoles of cells but not protoplasts after a lh incubation period. This apparent difference in the ability of cells and protoplasts to internalise FITC—dextrans was confirmed using samples of both commercial and purified 20K FITC—dextran as putative endocytotic probes. Both confocal and conventional fluorescence microscopy of FITC—treated cells have shown that FITC was internalised into similar intracellular compartments as was observed in cells treated with three-times purified 70K FITC—dextran. Thus, FITC was a useful fluorophore for rapidly labelling both the putative endocytotic compartments and the pleiomorphic vacuolar system of carrot cells. Kinetic studies indicated that FITC entered the cell by diffusion in the form of the neutral molecule. We have shown that treatment of cells or protoplasts with the drug Probenecid reversibly inhibited the uptake of FITC from the cytoplasm into the vacuole. In addition, the uptake of FITC into isolated vacuoles was enhanced in the presence of Mg-ATP

Quantification of Platelet Adsesion in vivo

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kortenhaus ◽  
G.V.R. Bom
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Cheek Pouch ◽  
Golden Hamsters ◽  
Cardiac Blood ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Dextrose

Golden hamsters (80-100g) were anaesthetised with pentobarbital and cardiac blood was collected into acid-citrate dextrose. Platelet-rich plasma brought to pH 6.2 was incubated at 37° with fluorescein-isothiocyanate (FITC: 100 μg/ml) for 10 min (Kortenhaus , Webelmann and Schroer: to be published). The platelets were injected i.v. into another hamster and observed in the cheek pouch circulation by fluorescence microscopy at x 500.In venules a small proportion of platelets were arrested, most for less than one sec., about 20% for up to 2 min and about 3% for longer. There was no correlation with rolling granulocyte frequencies (A therton & Born, 1972, Journal of Fhysiology, 222, 447).

Evaluation of fixatives and autofluorescence reduction treatments for marine bivalve larvae

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 1567-1576 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Heaney ◽  
A.P. Maloy ◽  
J.W. Slater
Keyword(s):  
Larval Growth ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Plankton Sample ◽  
Larval Abundance ◽  
Marine Bivalve ◽  
Sudan Black B ◽  
Bivalve Larvae ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Species Specific

Improved understanding of the occurrence and spatio-temporal distribution of bivalve larvae holds significant benefits for ecological studies, shellfisheries management and aquaculture. Morphological methods for identification have proved difficult to develop because of the small size of these larvae and similarities in their shape and colour. Molecular methods based on DNA extraction can confirm the presence of a species in a plankton sample, but without sample sorting and individual larval analysis, provide no estimate of larval abundance and are incapable of providing an estimate of larval growth rate. Fluorescencein situhybridization (FISH) using species-specific DNA probes has the potential to resolve these issues. However, utilization of this technique is constrained by the strong autofluorescence, common in marine larvae. Here we evaluate the effect of eight different fixatives on the autofluorescence intensity of bivalve larvae using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and Cy3 filters. In addition, fifteen autofluorescence reduction treatments were evaluated and their compatibility with FISH assessed. Relative to fresh larvae, chemically fixed larvae had significantly higher autofluorescence in both filter sets. Larvae preserved by freezing at –80°C exhibited no significant increase in autofluorescence over a 3-year period. Autofluorescence levels were generally lower with the FITC filter set than the Cy3 filter set. For archived larvae preserved in modified saline ethanol and exhibiting fixative-induced autofluorescence, the autofluorescence intensity could be reduced to 20–30% with saturated Sudan Black B and to 30–40% with Chemicon™. Both of these autofluorescence reduction treatments were compatible with subsequent FISH protocols using a FITC-labelled probe.

Morphological and systematic study of the tribe Australiosomatini (Diplopoda:Polydesmida:Paradoxosomatidea:Paradoxosomatidae) and a revision of the genus Australiosoma Brölemann

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissah Rowe ◽  
Petra Sierwald
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Species Specific

The collection of several paradoxosomatid species in the context of ecological studies prompted an investigation into the morphology and species-level characteristics of Australian millipedes in the tribe Australiosomatini Brölemann, 1916 (Polydesmida : Paradoxosomatidae). Three new species are described: Akamptogonus caragoon, sp. nov., Australiosoma fulbrighti, sp. nov. and Australiosoma combei, sp. nov. Notes or re-descriptions are provided for nine additional species belonging to the tribe. Scanning electron microscopy was utilised to examine details of the antennal sensory fields, the fifth sternite lamella and associated pores. The presence of the fifth sternite lamella in adult males is considered a synapomorphy for the family Paradoxosomatidae, whereas the prominent tubercle on the first femur in males (adenostyle) represents a synapomorphy of the subfamily Australiosomatinae. With the description of two new species in the genus Australiosoma Brölemann, 1913 a revision of the genus was undertaken with the purpose of constructing a species-level phylogeny. The most commonly described and utilised species-specific characteristics were scored in a data matrix and analysed using PAUP. The analysis resulted in a single, fully resolved tree of the following structure: Hoplatria clavigera ((A. clavigerum, A. inusitatum) (((A. rainbowi, A. nodulosum) A. michelseni) (A. laminatum (A. combei, A. fulbrighti))).

scholarly journals Distribution of chitin in the yeast cell wall. An ultrastructural and chemical study.

1980 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Molano ◽  
B Bowers ◽  
E Cabib
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Lectin Binding ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Chemical Study ◽  
Total Radioactivity ◽  
Lytic Enzymes ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Lateral Walls

The distribution of chitin in Saccharomyces cervisiae primary septa and cell walls was studied with three methods: electron microscopy of colloidal gold particles coated either with wheat germ agglutinin or with one of two different chitinases, fluorescence microscopy with fluorescein isothiocyanate derivatives of the same markers, and enzymatic treatments of [14C]glucosamine-labeled cells. The septa were uniformly and heavily labeled with the gold-attached markers, an indication that chitin was evenly distributed throughout. To study the localization of chitin in lateral walls, alkali-extracted cell ghosts were used. Observations by electron and fluorescence microscopy suggest that lectin-binding material is uniformly distributed over the whole cell ghost wall. This material also appears to be chitin, on the basis of the analysis of the products obtained after treatment of 14C-labeled cell ghosts with lytic enzymes. The chitin of lateral walls can be specifically removed by treatment with beta-(1 leads to 6)-glucanase containing a slight amount of chitinase. During this incubation approximately 7% of the total radioactivity is solubilized, about the same amount liberated when lateral walls of cell ghosts are completely digested with snail glucanase yield primary septa. It is concluded that the remaining chitin, i.e., greater than 90% of the total, is in the septa. The facilitation of chitin removal from the cell wall by beta-(1 leads to 6)-glucanase indicates a strong association between chitin and beta-(1 leads to 6)-glucan. Covalent linkages between the two polysaccharides were not detected but cannot be excluded.

An evaluation of rhodamine-labeled lysozyme as a fluorescent stain for in situ soil bacteria

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 933-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. McElroy ◽  
L. E. Casida Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Soil Microflora ◽  
Light Diffraction ◽  
Enzyme Conjugate ◽  
Fluorescent Stain ◽  
Diffraction Microscopy

Rhodamine-labeled lysozyme, in conjunction with fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated to gelatin as a counterstain, was evaluated as a fluorescent stain for resident soil microorganisms. Preparations were observed by light-diffraction microscopy, transmitted incandescent-light microscopy, and reflected ultraviolet-fluorescence microscopy using a modified light-diffraction microscope, and by conventional transmitted incandescent and ultraviolet-fluorescence microscopy. Laboratory-grown microbial cultures superimposed on the resident soil microflora, as well as the non-dormant resident soil microorganisms, usually fluoresced properly when the stain and counterstain were applied to soil, and the blocking test with non-conjugated lysozyme was effective. What were assumed to be semidormant cells fluoresced to a lesser degree, and the blocking test was only partially effective. In contrast, the dormant resident soil microorganisms usually did not become stained by the methods used. A possible explanation is that a peripheral structural component surrounding many of the resident dormant cells in soil may have rendered their cell-wall substrate inaccessible to the enzyme conjugate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document