scholarly journals Differences in liver ganglioside patterns in various inbred strains of mice

1983 ◽  
Vol 209 (3) ◽  
pp. 885-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Ghidoni ◽  
S Sonnino ◽  
V Chigorno ◽  
B Venerando ◽  
G Tettamanti
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Strains ◽  
Hybrid Strain ◽  
Total Ganglioside ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Acetylneuraminic Acid ◽  
Ganglioside Content ◽  
Inbred Strains Of Mice ◽  
Ganglioside Composition ◽  
Mice Liver ◽  
Major Ganglioside

The ganglioside patterns in the liver of different inbred and hybrid strains of mice were investigated. The inbred strains were Balb/cAnNCr1BR, C57BL/6NCr1BR, DBA/2NCr1BR. C3H/HeNCr1BR; the hybrid strain was the Swiss albino. The following major gangliosides were found to be present in mouse liver: GM3-NeuAc; GM3-NeuGl, GM2 [a mixture of one species carrying N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) and one carrying N-glycollylneuraminic acid (NeuGl)], GM1 and GD1a-(NeuAc, NeuGl). The qualitative and quantitative patterns of liver gangliosides were markedly different in the various inbred strains of mice; in Balb/cAnNCr1BR strain, ganglioside GM2 was preponderant (99.2% of total ganglioside content); in C57BL/6NCr1BR, the major ganglioside was GM2 (90.4%), followed by GM3-NeuAc (5.6%) and GM3-NeuGl (4.0%); in DBA/2NCr1BR, GM2 accounted for 77.1%, GD1a-(NeuAc, NeuGl) 18.9% and GM1 3.1% of gangliosides; in C3H/HeNCr1BR, GM2 constituted 50.6%, GM1 22.8% and GD1a-(NeuAc, NeuGl) 22.1%. In the hybrid Swiss albino mice, liver ganglioside composition markedly varied from one animal to another, GM3-NeuGl, GM2 and GD1a-(NeuAc, NeuGl) being the predominant gangliosides in the various cases.

scholarly journals Ganglioside composition of differentiated Caco-2 cells resembles human colostrum and neonatal rat intestine

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 694-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kareena L. Schnabl ◽  
Catherine Field ◽  
M. T. Clandinin
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Rat Intestine ◽  
Total Ganglioside ◽  
Ganglioside Content ◽  
Human Colostrum ◽  
Undifferentiated Cells ◽  
Development And Differentiation ◽  
Ganglioside Composition

Gangliosides are glycosphingolipids found in cell membranes and human milk with important roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, growth, adhesion, migration, signalling and apoptosis. Similar changes in ganglioside composition occur during embryonic development, lactation and cancer cell differentiation. It is not known, however, whether ganglioside compositional changes that occur in differentiating colon cancer cells reflect changes that occur during intestinal development. The Caco-2 cell line is commonly used to study physiological and pathophysiological processes in the small intestine and colon. Therefore, to examine this question, undifferentiated and differentiated Caco-2 cells were grown and total lipid was extracted from cell supernatant fractions using the Folch method. The upper aqueous phase containing gangliosides was collected and purified. Total gangliosides were measured as ganglioside-bound N-acetyl neuraminic acid, while individual ganglioside content was quantified via a colorimetric assay for sialic acid and scanning densitometry. The total ganglioside content of differentiated Caco-2 cells was 2·5 times higher compared with undifferentiated cells. Differentiated Caco-2 cells had significantly more (N-acetylneuraminyl) 2-galactosylglucosyl ceramide (GD3) and polar gangliosides, and a lower N-acetylneuraminylgalactosylglucosylceramide (GM3):GD3ratio than undifferentiated cells. The present study demonstrates that the total ganglioside content and individual ganglioside composition of differentiated Caco-2 cells are similar to those of human colostrum and neonatal rat intestine. Differentiated Caco-2 cells may therefore be an alternative model for studying physiological and pathological processes in the small intestine and colon, and may help to elucidate possible functions for specific gangliosides in development and differentiation. Further research using more sensitive techniques of ganglioside analysis is needed to confirm these findings.

Effects of Foster Nursing on Alcohol Selection in Inbred Strains of Mice

1972 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 494-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setsuo Komura ◽  
Masao Ueda ◽  
Toshikiyo Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Strains ◽  
Inbred Strains Of Mice

Duplications and deletions of Vh genes in inbred strains of mice

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adele Tutte ◽  
Roy Riblet
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Strains ◽  
Inbred Strains Of Mice ◽  
Vh Genes

scholarly journals THE GENETIC DIVERGENCE OF SUBLINES AS ASSESSED BY HISTOCOMPATIBILITY TESTING

Genetics ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-677
Author(s):  
Willys K Silvers ◽  
David L Gasser
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
Skin Grafts ◽  
Inbred Strains Of Mice ◽  
Inbred Rats

ABSTRACT The degree of genetic divergence which has occurred between a number of inbred strains of mice and between two sublines of inbred rats was assessed by determining the fate of inter-subline skin grafts. Sublines which had been separated for 29 and 42 generations possessed no detectable incompatibility, while three combinations of sublines judged to have been maintained apart for from 123 to 129 generations showed slight degrees of histoincompatibility. One pair of sublines which had been separated for 119 generations demonstrated a marked degree of incompatibility, and an F2 test suggested that mutations had occurred at four or five histocompatibility loci.

scholarly journals A new allele of the lpr locus, lprcg, that complements the gld gene in induction of lymphadenopathy in the mouse.

1990 ◽  
Vol 171 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Matsuzawa ◽  
T Moriyama ◽  
T Kaneko ◽  
M Tanaka ◽  
M Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Mutant Gene ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Autoantibody Production ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Inbred Strains Of Mice ◽  
Backcross Populations ◽  
Generalized Lymphadenopathy

Several mice with generalized lymphadenopathy were found in the CBA/KlJms (CBA) colony maintained at our institute. A new mutant strain of mice that develop massive lymphoid hyperplasia at 100% incidence within 5 mo after birth was established by crossing these diseased mice. Genetic studies on lymphadenopathy were conducted in F1, F2, and backcross populations from crosses between mutant CBA (CBA-m) and various inbred strains of mice. The results supported the control of lymphadenopathy by a single autosomal recessive gene. Since C3H/He-gld/gld (C3H-gld), MRL/MpJ-lpr/lpr (MRL-lpr), and C3H/HeJ-lpr/lpr (C3H-lpr) mice develop the same type of lymphoid hyperplasia, allelism of the mutant gene with gld or lpr was tested by investigating lymphadenopathy in F1 and backcross populations from crosses between CBA-m and C3H-gld, MRL-lpr, or C3H-lpr mice. The gene was confirmed to be allelic with lpr but not with gld. Interestingly, however, the mutant gene interacted with gld to induce less severe lymphadenopathy. Thus, the mutant gene was named lprcg, an lpr gene complementing gld in induction of lymphoproliferation. The genetic conclusion was supported by the same profile of surface markers of lymphoid cells with gld/gld, lpr/lpr, lprcg/lprcg, lprcg/lpr, and +/gld +/lprcg genotypes, as well as by massive lymph node hyperplasia and high titers of autoantibodies in the first four genotypes, but slight hyperplasia and insignificant autoantibody production in the last. The discovery of lprcg provided strong genetic evidence for the parallels between anomalous phenotypes of gld and lpr, and CBA/KlJms-lprcg/lprcg mice will contribute to elucidation of the mechanism of induction of the same abnormal differentiation and functions of lymphocytes by gld and lpr.

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