Protein intrinsic disorder in Arabidopsis NAC transcription factors: transcriptional activation by ANAC013 and ANAC046 and their interactions with RCD1

2015 ◽  
Vol 465 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte O’Shea ◽  
Mikael Kryger ◽  
Emil G. P. Stender ◽  
Birthe B. Kragelund ◽  
Martin Willemoës ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Transcription Activation ◽  
Intrinsic Disorder ◽  
Nac Transcription Factors ◽  
Regulatory Domains ◽  
Activation Factor ◽  
Protein Intrinsic Disorder

The regulatory domains of NAC [no apical meristem, ATAF (Arabidopsis transcription activation factor), cup-shaped cotyledon] transcription factors (TFs) are mostly disordered. The single molecular recognition feature (MoRF) in ANAC046 (Arabidopsis NAC domain containing protein 46) is a functional hot spot mediating interactions with RCD1 (radical-induced cell death 1), a stress-associated hub which exploits disorder and different mechanisms for interactions.

Molecular characterisation and expression analysis of NAC transcription factor genes in wild Medicago falcata under abiotic stresses

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Liquan Zhang ◽  
Xuhui Jia ◽  
Jingwei Zhao ◽  
Agula Hasi ◽  
Yiding Niu
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Transcription Activation ◽  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
Medicago Falcata ◽  
Activation Factor ◽  
Transcription Factor Genes ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Selection Of

The No apical meristem–Arabidopsis transcription activation factor–Cup-shaped cotyledon (NAC) proteins play vital roles in plant development processes and responses to abiotic stress. In this study, 146 unigenes were identified as NAC genes from wild Medicago falcata L. by RNA sequencing. Among these were 30 full-length NACs, which, except for MfNAC63, MfNAC64 and MfNAC91, contained a complete DNA-binding domain and a variable transcriptional activation region. Sequence analyses of MfNACs along with their Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. counterparts allowed these proteins to be phylogenetically classified into nine groups. MfNAC35, MfNAC88, MfNAC79, MfNAC26 and MfNAC95 were found to be stress-responsive genes. The eight MfNAC genes that were chosen for further analysis had different expression abilities in the leaves, stems and roots of M. falcata. Additionally, their expression levels were regulated by salinity, drought and cold stress, and ABA. This study will be useful for understanding the roles of MfNACs in wild M. falcata and could provide important information for the selection of candidate genes associated with stress tolerance.

Eukaryotic transcription factors: paradigms of protein intrinsic disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 474 (15) ◽  
pp. 2509-2532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lasse Staby ◽  
Charlotte O'Shea ◽  
Martin Willemoës ◽  
Frederik Theisen ◽  
Birthe B. Kragelund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Tertiary Structure ◽  
Intrinsic Disorder ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Sequence Motifs ◽  
Short Sequence ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered Regions ◽  
Protein Intrinsic Disorder

Gene-specific transcription factors (TFs) are key regulatory components of signaling pathways, controlling, for example, cell growth, development, and stress responses. Their biological functions are determined by their molecular structures, as exemplified by their structured DNA-binding domains targeting specific cis-acting elements in genes, and by the significant lack of fixed tertiary structure in their extensive intrinsically disordered regions. Recent research in protein intrinsic disorder (ID) has changed our understanding of transcriptional activation domains from ‘negative noodles’ to ID regions with function-related, short sequence motifs and molecular recognition features with structural propensities. This review focuses on molecular aspects of TFs, which represent paradigms of ID-related features. Through specific examples, we review how the ID-associated flexibility of TFs enables them to participate in large interactomes, how they use only a few hydrophobic residues, short sequence motifs, prestructured motifs, and coupled folding and binding for their interactions with co-activators, and how their accessibility to post-translational modification affects their interactions. It is furthermore emphasized how classic biochemical concepts like allostery, conformational selection, induced fit, and feedback regulation are undergoing a revival with the appreciation of ID. The review also describes the most recent advances based on computational simulations of ID-based interaction mechanisms and structural analysis of ID in the context of full-length TFs and suggests future directions for research in TF ID.

scholarly journals GmNAC5, a NAC Transcription Factor, Is a Transient Response Regulator Induced by Abiotic Stress in Soybean

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hangxia Jin ◽  
Guangli Xu ◽  
Qingchang Meng ◽  
Fang Huang ◽  
Deyue Yu
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Response Regulator ◽  
Mechanical Wounding ◽  
Nac Transcription Factors ◽  
Immature Seeds ◽  
Hormone Signalling

GmNAC5 is a member of NAM subfamily belonging to NAC transcription factors in soybean (Glycine max(L.) Merr.). Studies on NAC transcription factors have shown that this family functioned in the regulation of shoot apical meristem (SAM), hormone signalling, and stress responses. In this study, we examined the expression levels ofGmNAC5.GmNAC5was highly expressed in the roots and immature seeds, especially strongly in immature seeds of 40 days after flowering. In addition, we found thatGmNAC5was induced by mechanical wounding, high salinity, and cold treatments but was not induced by abscisic acid (ABA). The subcellular localization assay suggested that GmNAC5 was targeted at nucleus. Together, it was suggested that GmNAC5 might be involved in seed development and abiotic stress responses in soybean.

scholarly journals The bacterial multidrug resistance regulator BmrR distorts promoter DNA to activate transcription

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengli Fang ◽  
Linyu Li ◽  
Yihan Zhao ◽  
Xiaoxian Wu ◽  
Steven J. Philips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Promoter Activity ◽  
Transcription Activation ◽  
Core Enzyme ◽  
Upstream Promoter ◽  
Promoter Dna

AbstractThe MerR-family proteins represent a unique family of bacteria transcription factors (TFs), which activate transcription in a manner distinct from canonical ones. Here, we report a cryo-EM structure of a B. subtilis transcription activation complex comprising B. subtilis six-subunit (2αββ‘ωε) RNA Polymerase (RNAP) core enzyme, σA, a promoter DNA, and the ligand-bound B. subtilis BmrR, a prototype of MerR-family TFs. The structure reveals that RNAP and BmrR recognize the upstream promoter DNA from opposite faces and induce four significant kinks from the −35 element to the −10 element of the promoter DNA in a cooperative manner, which restores otherwise inactive promoter activity by shortening the length of promoter non-optimal −35/−10 spacer. Our structure supports a DNA-distortion and RNAP-non-contact paradigm of transcriptional activation by MerR TFs.

Subnuclear compartmentalization of sequence-specific transcription factors and regulation of eukaryotic gene expression

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth N Corry ◽  
D Alan Underhill
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Nuclear Architecture ◽  
Subnuclear Localization ◽  
Modular Structures

To date, the majority of the research regarding eukaryotic transcription factors has focused on characterizing their function primarily through in vitro methods. These studies have revealed that transcription factors are essentially modular structures, containing separate regions that participate in such activities as DNA binding, protein–protein interaction, and transcriptional activation or repression. To fully comprehend the behavior of a given transcription factor, however, these domains must be analyzed in the context of the entire protein, and in certain cases the context of a multiprotein complex. Furthermore, it must be appreciated that transcription factors function in the nucleus, where they must contend with a variety of factors, including the nuclear architecture, chromatin domains, chromosome territories, and cell-cycle-associated processes. Recent examinations of transcription factors in the nucleus have clarified the behavior of these proteins in vivo and have increased our understanding of how gene expression is regulated in eukaryotes. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding sequence-specific transcription factor compartmentalization within the nucleus and discuss its impact on the regulation of such processes as activation or repression of gene expression and interaction with coregulatory factors.Key words: transcription, subnuclear localization, chromatin, gene expression, nuclear architecture.

scholarly journals OsNAC45 is Involved in ABA Response and Salt Tolerance in Rice

Rice ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Yan Long ◽  
Jingjing Huang ◽  
Jixing Xia
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Nac Transcription Factors ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Plant Stress Responses

Abstract Background Salt stress threatens crop yields all over the world. Many NAC transcription factors have been reported to be involved in different abiotic stress responses, but it remains unclear how loss of these transcription factors alters the transcriptomes of plants. Previous reports have demonstrated that overexpression of OsNAC45 enhances salt and drought tolerance in rice, and that OsNAC45 may regulate the expression of two specific genes, OsPM1 and OsLEA3–1. Results Here, we found that ABA repressed, and NaCl promoted, the expression of OsNAC45 in roots. Immunostaining showed that OsNAC45 was localized in all root cells and was mainly expressed in the stele. Loss of OsNAC45 decreased the sensitivity of rice plants to ABA and over-expressing this gene had the opposite effect, which demonstrated that OsNAC45 played an important role during ABA signal responses. Knockout of OsNAC45 also resulted in more ROS accumulation in roots and increased sensitivity of rice to salt stress. Transcriptome sequencing assay found that thousands of genes were differently expressed in OsNAC45-knockout plants. Most of the down-regulated genes participated in plant stress responses. Quantitative real time RT-PCR suggested that seven genes may be regulated by OsNAC45 including OsCYP89G1, OsDREB1F, OsEREBP2, OsERF104, OsPM1, OsSAMDC2, and OsSIK1. Conclusions These results indicate that OsNAC45 plays vital roles in ABA signal responses and salt tolerance in rice. Further characterization of this gene may help us understand ABA signal pathway and breed rice plants that are more tolerant to salt stress.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document