The transcription factor AtDOF4.2 regulates shoot branching and seed coat formation in Arabidopsis

2012 ◽  
Vol 449 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Feng Zou ◽  
Yu-Qin Zhang ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Hao-Wei Chen ◽  
Qing-Xin Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Shoot Branching ◽  
Direct Binding ◽  
Seed Epidermis ◽  
Wall Loosening ◽  
Silique Length

Plant-specific DOF (DNA-binding with one finger)-type transcription factors regulate various biological processes. In the present study we characterized a silique-abundant gene AtDOF (Arabidopsis thaliana DOF) 4.2 for its functions in Arabidopsis. AtDOF4.2 is localized in the nuclear region and has transcriptional activation activity in both yeast and plant protoplast assays. The T-M-D motif in AtDOF4.2 is essential for its activation. AtDOF4.2-overexpressing plants exhibit an increased branching phenotype and mutation of the T-M-D motif in AtDOF4.2 significantly reduces branching in transgenic plants. AtDOF4.2 may achieve this function through the up-regulation of three branching-related genes, AtSTM (A. thaliana SHOOT MERISTEMLESS), AtTFL1 (A. thaliana TERMINAL FLOWER1) and AtCYP83B1 (A. thaliana CYTOCHROME P450 83B1). The seeds of an AtDOF4.2-overexpressing plant show a collapse-like morphology in the epidermal cells of the seed coat. The mucilage contents and the concentration and composition of mucilage monosaccharides are significantly changed in the seed coat of transgenic plants. AtDOF4.2 may exert its effects on the seed epidermis through the direct binding and activation of the cell wall loosening-related gene AtEXPA9 (A. thaliana EXPANSIN-A9). The dof4.2 mutant did not exhibit changes in branching or its seed coat; however, the silique length and seed yield were increased. AtDOF4.4, which is a close homologue of AtDOF4.2, also promotes shoot branching and affects silique size and seed yield. Manipulation of these genes should have a practical use in the improvement of agronomic traits in important crops.

Agronomic performance of autumn- and winter-cropped Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in response to varying levels of nitrogen fertiliser

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-95
Author(s):  
Bent Al-Hoda Asghari ◽  
Mohsen Yousefi ◽  
Katarzyna Możdżeń ◽  
Joanna Puła ◽  
Peiman Zandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Cropping Seasons

Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern) cultivation is suggested for regions with short seasons and low rainfall. Although there have been many studies conducted on agronomic production of mustard in Iran, the information regarding the interactive impact of cropping seasons and nitrogen fertiliser on growth characteristics and yield quality of mustard plant is still insufficient and requires further investigation. This study focused on the possible implications of different cropping seasons and different nitrogen levels on selected agronomic traits in mustard. In this experiment, five different doses of nitrogen and two sowing periods were used to assess for their combined effects on the growth parameters, seed yield and agronomic characteristics of mustard in the semi-arid climatic conditions of Takestan. The results revealed that cultivation seasons and nitrogen rates had a significant effect on plant height, biomass yield, number of siliques per plant, seed oil content and seed yield.

scholarly journals Influence of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Agronomic Traits, Essential Oil and Components under Semi-Arid Climate

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Gulen Ozyazici
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Biological Yield

Environmental contamination and the excessive use of inorganic fertilizers resulting in stagnant yields of field crops which necessitate the utilization of combined fertilization approach under changing climatic conditions. Current study was aimed to clarify the influence of several fertilizer sources (chemical, organic, organomineral fertilizers) on yield and quality of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). The results revealed that the fertilizer sources significantly affected the yield of coriander cultivars. The absence of “Year x Variety x Fertilizer Type” interactions for any of the noted parameters signaled that the detected “Variety x Fertilizer Type” interactions were constant regardless of the year factor. The recorded values of traits according to fertilizer sources different for the plant height from 61.85 to 69.67 cm, number of branches from 5.98 to 7.71 (piece/plant), number of umbels per the main umbel from 5.62 to 7.18 pieces, seed yield from 1.06 to 1.66 t/ha, the biological yield from 4.29 to 5.70 t ha−1, harvest index from 25.29 to 29.41%, essential oil ratio from 0.29 to 0.33%, and essential oil yield from 3.1 to 5.6 L ha−1. Erbaa variety was observed to be superior over the rest of the varieties producing the maximum values of 6.5 L ha−1 of essential oil, 0.36% essential oil content, 30.9% harvest index, 1.81 t/ha seed yield, and 5.9 t ha−1 biological yield with the treatment of chemical fertilizers.

Evaluation of some sunflower genotypes for agronomic traits and oil quality

Helia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Mohamed Aboelkassem ◽  
Asmaa Abd-EL-Halime Ahmed ◽  
Mohamed Ali Abdelsatar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Abstract The present investigation was carried out to evaluate agronomic performance and oil quality of seven sunflower genotypes at Shandaweel Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Sohag, Egypt during 2018 and 2019 summer seasons. These genetic materials were sown in a randomized complete block design having three replications. Significant genetic variations among evaluated sunflower genotypes for agronomic traits and oil quality were observed. The superior sunflower genotypes were Line 120 for seed yield per hectare (3102.38 kg), Sakha 53 for seed oil content (44.63 %) and Line 125 for oil quality where it contained the highest proportion of unsaturated fatty acids (89.20 %). The phenotypic coefficients of variation were slightly higher than genotypic coefficients of variation for all studied traits. High heritability (exceeded 60%) and genetic advance as percent of mean (ranged from medium to high, exceeded 10%) was observed for most studied traits. Seed yield per plant positively correlated with plant height, stem diameter, head diameter, and 100-seed weight and most chemical traits at phenotypic and genotypic levels. Maximum phenotypic direct effects on seed yield per plant were observed for 100-seed weight, head diameter and total unsaturated fatty acids. While, the highest genotypic direct effect on seed yield per plant was observed for head diameter. Hence, most studied traits could be employed as selection criteria for improving evaluated sunflower genotypes.

Cap ‘n’ collar B cooperates with a small Maf subunit to specify pharyngeal development and suppress deformed homeotic function in the Drosophila head

Development ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 127 (18) ◽  
pp. 4023-4037 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Veraksa ◽  
N. McGinnis ◽  
X. Li ◽  
J. Mohler ◽  
W. McGinnis
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Leucine Zipper ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Basic Leucine Zipper ◽  
Transcriptional Activation Domain ◽  
Amino Terminal ◽  
Culture Cells ◽  
Mandibular Segment ◽  
Direct Binding

The basic-leucine zipper protein Cap ‘n’ collar B (CncB) suppresses the segmental identity function of the Hox gene Deformed (Dfd) in the mandibular segment of Drosophila embryos. CncB is also required for proper development of intercalary, labral and mandibular structures. In this study, we provide evidence that the CncB-mediated suppression of Dfd requires the Drosophila homolog of the mammalian small Maf proteins, Maf-S, and that the suppression occurs even in the presence of high amounts of Dfd protein. Interestingly, the CncB/Maf-S suppressive effect can be partially reversed by overexpression of Homothorax (Hth), suggesting that Hth and Extradenticle proteins antagonize the effects of CncB/Maf-S on Dfd function in the mandibular segment. In embryos, multimers of simple CncB/Maf-S heterodimer sites are transcriptionally activated in response to CncB, and in tissue culture cells the amino-terminal domain of CncB acts as a strong transcriptional activation domain. There are no good matches to CncB/Maf binding consensus sites in the known elements that are activated in response to Dfd and repressed in a CncB-dependent fashion. This suggests that some of the suppressive effect of CncB/Maf-S proteins on Dfd protein function might be exerted indirectly, while some may be exerted by direct binding to as yet uncharacterized Dfd response elements. We also show that ectopic CncB is sufficient to transform ventral epidermis in the trunk into repetitive arrays of ventral pharynx. We compare the functions of CncB to those of its vertebrate and invertebrate homologs, p45 NF-E2, Nrf and Skn-1 proteins, and suggest that the pharynx selector function of CncB is highly conserved on some branches of the evolutionary tree.

scholarly journals Humic acid enhances heat stress tolerance via transcriptional activation of Heat-Shock Proteins in Arabidopsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon-Yung Cha ◽  
Sang-Ho Kang ◽  
Imdad Ali ◽  
Sang Cheol Lee ◽  
Myung Geun Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Heat Stress Tolerance

Abstract Humic acid (HA) is composed of a complex supramolecular association and is produced by humification of organic matters in soil environments. HA not only improves soil fertility, but also stimulates plant growth. Although numerous bioactivities of HA have been reported, the molecular evidences have not yet been elucidated. Here, we performed transcriptomic analysis to identify the HA-prompted molecular mechanisms in Arabidopsis. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that HA up-regulates diverse genes involved in the response to stress, especially to heat. Heat stress causes dramatic induction in unique gene families such as Heat-Shock Protein (HSP) coding genes including HSP101, HSP81.1, HSP26.5, HSP23.6, and HSP17.6A. HSPs mainly function as molecular chaperones to protect against thermal denaturation of substrates and facilitate refolding of denatured substrates. Interestingly, wild-type plants grown in HA were heat-tolerant compared to those grown in the absence of HA, whereas Arabidopsis HSP101 null mutant (hot1) was insensitive to HA. We also validated that HA accelerates the transcriptional expression of HSPs. Overall, these results suggest that HSP101 is a molecular target of HA promoting heat-stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. Our transcriptome information contributes to understanding the acquired genetic and agronomic traits by HA conferring tolerance to environmental stresses in plants.

Evaluation of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Hybrids Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis

Helia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (63) ◽  
pp. 175-187
Author(s):  
Natalija Markova Ruzdik ◽  
Ilija Karov ◽  
Sasa Mitrev ◽  
Biljana Gjorgjieva ◽  
Biljana Kovacevik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Main Components

AbstractEvaluation and characterization of sunflower hybrids using morphological, physiological and biochemical data are necessary and essential in sunflower breeding programs. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the productive possibilities of some sunflower hybrids grown in Macedonian environmental conditions. The experiment was carried out during the period 2013 and 2014 on the research field of the Faculty of Agriculture, “Goce Delchev” University – Shtip, in Ovche Pole locality, Republic of Macedonia. Total 20 sunflower hybrids were used as an experimental material. The trial was arranged as randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The average content of oil and oleic acid were 45.6 and 65.2%, respectively. The highest seed yield from all sunflower hybrids was obtained for the hybrid NLK12M144 (3,344 kg ha–1) and the lowest for hybrid NLK12S126 (2,244 kg ha–1). Cluster analysis classified the sunflower hybrids into four groups based on agronomic traits and seed yield. Most of the hybrids were included in cluster I and III (7 hybrids) followed by cluster IV. Using principal component analysis two main components have been extracted, with eigenvalue greater than one. They account for 72.99% of the variability in the original data. Only four hybrids had positive values for both main components (NLK12M144, NLK12S070, NLK12S125 and NLN12N011 DMR). The results from this study can be used to identify the best sunflower hybrids grown under Macedonian environmental conditions and to select the superior hybrids for future exploitation.

scholarly journals Estimation of heterosis for yield-related traits for single cross and three-way cross hybrids of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)

Euphytica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 215 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Wolko ◽  
Agnieszka Dobrzycka ◽  
Jan Bocianowski ◽  
Iwona Bartkowiak-Broda
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Positive Heterosis ◽  
Silique Length ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds ◽  
Number Of Branches

Abstract Rapeseed breeding programs are focused mainly on improving plant potential and seed yield. One of the ways to improve seed yield in oilseed rape is heterosis, which is hybrid vigor that results in a greater biomass, increased seed yield, and faster development. The purpose of this study was to estimate yield-related trait heterosis for single cross and three-way cross hybrids of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). A population of 60 doubled-haploid (DH) lines and two generations of hybrids were evaluated in field trials to assess six yield-related traits: plant height, number of branches per plant, number of siliques per plant, silique length, number of seeds per silique, and thousand seed weight. Heterosis effects for each trait were estimated by a comparison of the particular hybrid with: (1) the trait mean over both parents—mid-parent heterosis and (2) to the value of better parent—best-parent heterosis. Traits with clear positive heterosis and traits with varied heterosis were observed in this study. For the first group, we include plant height, silique length, and the number of seeds per silique—a large number of hybrids expressed significant positive heterosis for these traits, independent from the year of observations and the type of hybrid. For the second group, with varied heterosis, we can include the number of branches and siliques per plant and thousand seed weight. For these traits, hybrids exhibited both positive and negative significant heterosis, without a clear pattern for the years and types of hybrids.

Progress in development of spotted medics (Medicago arabica L. Huds.) for Mediterranean farming systems

2006 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramakrishnan M. Nair ◽  
Steve J. Hughes ◽  
David M. Peck ◽  
Graham Crocker ◽  
Simon Ellwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Days To Flowering

Spotted medics (Medicago arabica) have become naturalised in Australia, but the spiny nature of their pods has prevented commercial release of any cultivar. Fifty-eight accessions representing Medicago arabica in the Australian Medicago Genetic Resources Collection were grown as spaced plants at Turretfield, South Australia, and the variation for important agronomic traits was studied. There was large variation for traits including days to flowering, dry matter production, pod and seed yield, and pod spininess. Principal component and cluster analyses conducted for 13 traits revealed 5 clusters. One of the clusters identified comprised accessions originating from Greece and Cyprus, which were found to have high agronomic potential. The study has helped in identifying the relationship among traits, namely pod spininess, days to flowering, dry matter yield, and pod and seed yield, which would be useful to breeders for future breeding and selection programs. A sward trial at Moree, New South Wales, comprising a selected cohort of spotted medic accessions, enabled the identification of 2 early flowering and high dry matter yielding accessions; however, both exhibited spiny pods. These 2 accessions were crossed with a smooth-podded accession, and the F1 plants were confirmed using a microsatellite marker. Days to flowering showed a continuous pattern of variation in the F2, suggesting that the trait is quantitatively inherited, whereas segregation ratio revealed that a single recessive gene controlled the smooth pod trait. Early flowering, smooth-podded F2 plants were selected for cultivar development.

scholarly journals Agronomic traits and seed yield produced in the soybean-corn crop in succession cropping

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro De Lucca e Braccini ◽  
Marcibela Stülp ◽  
Leandro Paiola Albrecht ◽  
Marizangela Rizzatti Ávila ◽  
Carlos Alberto Scapim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Corn Crop

Genetic diversity of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) germplasm as revealed by SSR markers

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Usha Kiran ◽  
N. Mukta ◽  
P. Kadirvel ◽  
K. Alivelu ◽  
S. Senthilvel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Bootstrap Support ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Core Subset

Safflower is a multi-purpose oilseed crop, primarily known for good quality oil containing highest polyunsaturated fatty acid content (>80%) among edible oils. In this study, a core subset of 148 safflower accessions representing 15 countries, predominantly of Indian origin, was evaluated for agronomic traits and characterized for genetic diversity, population structure and linkage disequilibrium (LD) using 44 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci across 11 linkage groups to enable its utilization in breeding and genetic mapping purposes. The collection had substantial variation for seed yield-related traits. SSR allelic variation was low as indicated by average number of alleles (3.6) per locus, gene diversity (0.314) and polymorphism information content (0.284). Cluster analysis (neighbour-joining tree) revealed five major genotypic groups with very low bootstrap support. STRUCTURE analysis showed recognizable population structure; based on membership coefficients ( ≥ 0.75), 52% accessions were classified into four populations (K= 4) and the remaining 48% accessions into admixture group. High Fst values (0.30–0.48) suggested that the populations were substantially differentiated. Analysis of molecular variance results showed that maximum of genetic variation (85%) was explained between individuals within the population suggesting that the population structure was only weak. About 1.9% of SSR locus pairs were in LD, which appeared to be low. High phenotypic variation, mild population structure and low level of LD among unlinked loci suggested that the core subset can be explored for association mapping of seed yield components in safflower.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document