scholarly journals Chelation of lysosomal iron protects against ionizing radiation

2010 ◽  
Vol 432 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Berndt ◽  
Tino Kurz ◽  
Markus Selenius ◽  
Aristi P. Fernandes ◽  
Margareta R. Edgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Iron Chelator ◽  
Radiation Sensitivity ◽  
Redox Active ◽  
Lung Malignancies ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Modifying Effect ◽  
Malignant Lung Tumours

Ionizing radiation causes DNA damage and consequent apoptosis, mainly due to the production of hydroxyl radicals (HO•) that follows radiolytic splitting of water. However, superoxide (O2•−) and H2O2 also form and induce oxidative stress with resulting LMP (lysosomal membrane permeabilization) arising from iron-catalysed oxidative events. The latter will contribute significantly to radiation-induced cell death and its degree largely depends on the quantities of lysosomal redox-active iron present as a consequence of autophagy and endocytosis of iron-rich compounds. Therefore radiation sensitivity might be depressed by lysosome-targeted iron chelators. In the present study, we have shown that cells in culture are significantly protected from ionizing radiation damage if initially exposed to the lipophilic iron chelator SIH (salicylaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone), and that this effect is based on SIH-dependent lysosomal stabilization against oxidative stress. According to its dose-response-modifying effect, SIH is a most powerful radioprotector and a promising candidate for clinical application, mainly to reduce the radiation sensitivity of normal tissue. We propose, as an example, that inhalation of SIH before each irradiation session by patients undergoing treatment for lung malignancies would protect normally aerated lung tissue against life-threatening pulmonary fibrosis, whereas the sensitivity of malignant lung tumours, which usually are non-aerated, will not be affected by inhaled SIH.

Flavonoids, the Family of Plant-derived Antioxidants making inroads into Novel Therapeutic Design against IR-induced Oxidative Stress in Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapan Behl ◽  
Gagandeep Kaur ◽  
Aayush Sehgal ◽  
Gokhan Zengin ◽  
Sukhbir Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Background: Ionizing radiation from telluric sources is unceasingly an unprotected pitfall to humans. Thus, the foremost contributors to human exposure are global and medical radiations. Various pieces of evidences assembled during preceding years reveal the pertinent role of ionizing radiation-induced oxidative stress in the progression of neurodegenerative insults such as Parkinson’s disease, which have been contributing to increased proliferation and generation of reactive oxygen species. Objective: This review delineates the role of ionizing radiation-induced oxidative stress in Parkinson’s disease and proposes novel therapeutic interventions of flavonoid family offering effective management and slowing down the progression of Parkinson’s disease. Method: Published papers were searched via MEDLINE, PubMed, etc. published to date for in-depth database collection. Results: The potential of oxidative damage may harm the non-targeted cells. It can also modulate the functions of central nervous system, such as protein misfolding, mitochondria dysfunction, increased levels of oxidized lipids, and dopaminergic cell death, which accelerates the progression of Parkinson’s disease at the molecular, cellular, or tissue levels. In Parkinson’s disease, reactive oxygen species exacerbate the production of nitric oxides and superoxides by activated microglia, rendering death of dopaminergic neuronal cell through different mechanisms. Conclusion: Rising interest has extensively engrossed on the clinical trial designs based on the plant derived family of antioxidants. They are known to exert multifarious impact either way in neuroprotection via directly suppressing ionizing radiation-induced oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species production or indirectly increasing the dopamine levels and activating the glial cells.

scholarly journals Ionizing Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress Alters miRNA Expression

PLoS ONE ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. e6377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole L. Simone ◽  
Benjamin P. Soule ◽  
David Ly ◽  
Anthony D. Saleh ◽  
Jason E. Savage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals GENETIC CONTROL OF RADIATION SENSITIVITY IN SCHIZOSACCHAROMYCES POMBE

Genetics ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-582
Author(s):  
A Nasim ◽  
B P Smith
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Schizosaccharomyces Pombe ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Radiation Sensitivity ◽  
Cellular Repair ◽  
Repair Mechanisms ◽  
Radiation Induced

ABSTRACT Genetic analysis of a large number of radiation-sensitive mutants of S. pombe, isolated in different laboratories, showed that these isolates represent 22 non-allelic loci. The mutants were shown to fall into three distinct classes concerning response to UV and ionizing radiation, including two mutants which are primarily sensitive to ionizing radiation but not to UV. Single-gene mutants were crossed to obtain supersensitive double mutants. Such double mutants showed a marked increase in sensitivity to a variety of inactivating agents as compared to the parental strains. The isolation of three classes of radiation-sensitive mutants and the construction of double mutants implies the presence of multiple pathways in S. pombe for repair of radiation-induced damage. The bearing of these data on cellular repair mechanisms in eukaryotes is discussed.

Effects of antioxidant nutrients on ionizing radiation-induced oxidative stress

Toxicology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 307-316
Author(s):  
Tiziana Cervelli ◽  
Giuseppina Basta ◽  
Serena Del Turco
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Radiation Induced

Febuxostat, an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, ameliorates ionizing radiation-induced lung injury by suppressing caspase-3, oxidative stress and NF-κB

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Marziyeh Raeispour ◽  
Fereshteh Talebpour Amiri ◽  
Soghra Farzipour ◽  
Arash Ghasemi ◽  
Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals Endogenous natural and radiation-induced DNA lesions: differences and similarities and possible implications for human health and radiological protection

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-L. Ravanat
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Dna Lesions ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Dna Damage And Repair ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Ionizing Radiations

During the last few decades, a considerable amount of work has been done to better assess the effects of ionizing radiation on living organisms. In particular a lot of attention has been focused on the consequences of modifications of the DNA macromolecule, the support of the genetic information. Detailed information is now available on the formation of radiation-induced DNA lesions at the physical, chemical and biological levels. Emphasis will be placed in this review article on the differences and similarities, in term of DNA lesions formation and outcome, between endogenous oxidative stress and ionizing radiation, both stresses that could produce oxidative DNA lesions through similar mechanistic pathways involving mostly reactive oxygen species. If the chemical nature of the generated lesions is similar, the differences in term of biological consequences could be attributed to their spatial distribution in genomic DNA, since ionizing radiations produce lesions in cluster. These clusters of lesions represent a challenge for the DNA repair machinery. In contrast, endogenous oxidative stress generates scattered lesions that could be repaired with a much higher efficacy and fidelity. Possible implication of the use of DNA damage and repair for human health purposes and radiological protection will be discussed.

Explosively Puffed Ginseng Ameliorates Ionizing Radiation-Induced Injury of Colon by Decreasing Oxidative Stress-Related Apoptotic Cell Execution in Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 490-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung Taek Cho ◽  
Jun Ho Kim ◽  
Wan Heo ◽  
Hyun-Sun Lee ◽  
Jeong Jun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals A Multiparametric Study of Internalization of Fullerenol C60(OH)36 Nanoparticles into Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: Cytotoxicity in Oxidative Stress Induced by Ionizing Radiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Lichota ◽  
Ireneusz Piwoński ◽  
Sylwia Michlewska ◽  
Anita Krokosz
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Radioprotective Properties

The aim of this study was to investigate the uptake and accumulation of fullerenol C60(OH)36 into peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Some additional studies were also performed: measurement of fullerenol nanoparticle size, zeta potential, and the influence of fullerenol on the ionizing radiation-induced damage to PMBCs. Fullerenol C60(OH)36 demonstrated an ability to accumulate in PBMCs. The accumulation of fullerenol in those cells did not have a significant effect on cell survival, nor on the distribution of phosphatidylserine in the plasma membrane. However, fullerenol-induced depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane proportional to the compound level in the medium was observed. Results also indicated that increased fullerenol level in the medium was associated with its enhanced transport into cells, corresponding to its influence on the mitochondrial membrane. The obtained results clearly showed the ability of C60(OH)36 to enter cells and its effect on PBMC mitochondrial membrane potential. However, we did not observe radioprotective properties of fullerenol under the conditions used in our study.

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