scholarly journals New members of the glutathione transferase family discovered in red and brown algae

2008 ◽  
Vol 412 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Hervé ◽  
Pierre-Olivier de Franco ◽  
Agnès Groisillier ◽  
Thierry Tonon ◽  
Catherine Boyen
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Glutathione Transferases ◽  
New Members ◽  
Efficient Inhibitor ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Organic Hydroperoxides ◽  
The Common ◽  
Derivatives Of

The GSTs (glutathione transferases) are involved in the detoxification of a wide variety of hydrophobic substrates. These enzymes have been found in virtually all types of organisms, including plants, animals, nematodes and bacteria. In the present study, we report the molecular and biochemical characterization of algal GSTs. Phylogenetic analysis showed that most of them were distinct from previously described GST classes, but were most closely related to the Sigma class. Profiling of GST genes from the red alga Chondrus crispus and brown alga Laminaria digitata was undertaken after different chemical treatments and showed that they displayed contrasting patterns of transcription. Recombinant algal GST from both species showed transferase activities against the common substrates aryl halides, but also on the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl 4-hydroxynonenal. Also, they exhibit significant peroxidation towards organic hydroperoxides, including oxygenated derivatives of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Among a range of compounds tested, Cibacron Blue was the most efficient inhibitor of algal GSTs identified.

scholarly journals Biochemical characterization of olive oil samples obtained from fruit mixtures and from oil blends of four cultivars grown in Central Tunisia

OCL ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Meriem Tekaya ◽  
Mguidich Belhaj Amel ◽  
Beligh Mechri ◽  
Mohamed Ayadi ◽  
Manel Ben Slamia Aouina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Oil Blends ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fruit Mass

Blends of olive oils obtained from four cultivars (Olea europaea L. cv. Chemlali, Chetoui, Oueslati and Koroneiki) were produced by two different methods of blending: processing fruit mixtures or mixing monovarietal oils, using the same proportions of selected cultivars. The obtained blends were biochemically characterized to evaluate quality, and the two methods were compared. The results indicated that the most successful formulations are mainly F8 (60% Chemlali × 20% Oueslati × 20% Koroneiki) characterized by the highest contents of phenols and an elevated oxidative stability, and F5 (50% Chemlali × 50% Koroneiki) containing the highest MUFA level and the highest oxidative stability. The effect of the blending process on pigments and volatiles cannot be easily regulated, unlike phenols, fatty acid composition and OS, all of which positively correlated to the fruit mass ratio in the blend. Results suggest that processing fruit mixtures of different cultivars resulted in a better oil quality than that of oils obtained by the common oil blending method. This blending procedure offers a possibility to modulate the contents of antioxidants, fatty acids and volatile compounds in virgin olive oil, and therefore, its quality and sensorial characteristics.

Biochemical Characterization of the Detoxifying Enzyme Glutathione Transferase P1-1 from the Camel Camelus Dromedarius

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereniki Perperopoulou ◽  
Farid S. Ataya ◽  
Dalia Fouad ◽  
Ajamaluddin Malik ◽  
Hesham Mahmoud Saeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Camelus Dromedarius ◽  
Detoxifying Enzyme

scholarly journals Cytosolic glutathione transferases from rat liver. Primary structure of class alpha glutathione transferase 8-8 and characterization of low-abundance class Mu glutathione transferases

1989 ◽  
Vol 261 (2) ◽  
pp. 531-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Alin ◽  
H Jensson ◽  
E Cederlund ◽  
H Jörnvall ◽  
B Mannervik
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Glutathione Transferases ◽  
Rat Lung ◽  
Cytosol Fraction ◽  
Methionine Residue ◽  
Isoelectric Points ◽  
Cytosolic Glutathione ◽  
Lung And Kidney

Six GSH transferases with neutral/acidic isoelectric points were purified from the cytosol fraction of rat liver. Four transferases are class Mu enzymes related to the previously characterized GSH transferases 3-3, 4-4 and 6-6, as judged by structural and enzymic properties. Two additional GSH transferases are distinguished by high specific activities with 4-hydroxyalk-2-enals, toxic products of lipid peroxidation. The most abundant of these two enzymes, GSH transferase 8-8, a class Alpha enzyme, has earlier been identified in rat lung and kidney. The amino acid sequence of subunit 8 was determined and showed a typical class Alpha GSH transferase structure including an N-acetylated N-terminal methionine residue.

scholarly journals Differences and Similarities among Parotoid Macrogland Secretions in South American Toads: A Preliminary Biochemical Delineation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Mozer Sciani ◽  
Cláudia Blanes Angeli ◽  
Marta M. Antoniazzi ◽  
Carlos Jared ◽  
Daniel Carvalho Pimenta
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
South American ◽  
Skin Secretion ◽  
Microbial Infection ◽  
Defensive Strategies ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
The Common ◽  
Biological Differences

Amphibians are known by cutaneous glands, spread over the skin, containing toxins (proteins, peptides, biogenic amines, steroidal bufadienolides, and alkaloids) used as chemical defense against predators and microbial infection. Toads are characterized by the presence of parotoid macroglands. The common toads have lately been divided into two genera:Bufo(Europe, Asia, and Africa) andRhinella(South America). BasalRhaebogenus is exclusively of Central America and Amazon region. AlthoughRhinellaandRhaeboare related, species may share differences due to the diversity of environments that they live in. In this work, we have performed a biochemical characterization of the components of the poison of eightRhinellaspecies and oneRhaeboby means of RP-HPLC with either UV or MS detection and by SDS-PAGE, in order to verify whether phylogenetic and biological differences, such as habitat, diet, and defensive strategies, between them may also be reflected in poison composition. Although some components were common among the secretions, we were able to identify exclusive molecules to some species. The fact that closely related animals living in different habitats secrete different molecules into the skin is an indication that biological features, and not only evolution, seem to directly influence the skin secretion composition.

scholarly journals Characterization of Dog Glutathione Transferase P1-1, an Enzyme Relevant to Veterinary Medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4079
Author(s):  
Aram Ismail ◽  
Elizabeth Lewis ◽  
Birgitta Sjödin ◽  
Bengt Mannervik
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Glutathione Transferases ◽  
Human Homolog ◽  
Canis Lupus Familiaris ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Active Substrate

Glutathione transferases (GSTs) form a family of detoxication enzymes instrumental in the inactivation and elimination of electrophilic mutagenic and carcinogenic compounds. The Pi class GST P1-1 is present in most tissues and is commonly overexpressed in neoplastic cells. GST P1-1 in the dog, Canis lupus familiaris, has merits as a marker for tumors and as a target for enzyme-activated prodrugs. We produced the canine enzyme CluGST P1-1 by heterologous bacterial expression and verified its cross-reactivity with antihuman-GST P1-1 antibodies. The catalytic activity with alternative substrates of biological significance was determined, and the most active substrate found was benzyl isothiocyanate. Among established GST inhibitors, Cibacron Blue showed positive cooperativity with an IC50 value of 43 nM. Dog GST P1-1 catalyzes activation of the prodrug Telcyta, but the activity is significantly lower than that of the human homolog.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Salmonella sugar kinase essential for the utilization of fructose-asparagine

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradip K. Biswas ◽  
Edward J. Behrman ◽  
Venkat Gopalan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Sequential Action ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The Common ◽  
Sugar Kinase

Salmonella can utilize fructose-asparagine (F-Asn), a naturally occurring Amadori product, as its sole carbon and nitrogen source. Conversion of F-Asn to the common intermediates glucose-6-phosphate, aspartate, and ammonia was predicted to involve the sequential action of an asparaginase, a kinase, and a deglycase. Mutants lacking the deglycase are highly attenuated in mouse models of intestinal inflammation owing to the toxic build-up of the deglycase substrate. The limited distribution of this metabolic pathway in the animal gut microbiome raises the prospects for antibacterial discovery. We report the biochemical characterization of the kinase that was expected to transform fructose-aspartate to 6-phosphofructose-aspartate during F-Asn utilization. In addition to confirming its anticipated function, we determined through studies of fructose-aspartate analogues that this kinase exhibits a substrate-specificity with greater tolerance to changes to the amino acid (including the d-isomer of aspartate) than to the sugar.

scholarly journals G6PD Deficiency and Chronic Hemolysis: Four New Mutants—Relationships Between Clinical Syndrome and Enzyme Kinetics

Blood ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIO C. RATTAZZI ◽  
LAURENCE M. CORASH ◽  
GEORGE E. VAN ZANEN ◽  
ERNST R. JAFFÉ ◽  
SERGIO PIOMELLI
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
G6pd Deficiency ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Biochemical Kinetics ◽  
Chronic Hemolysis ◽  
The Common

Abstract G6PD deficiency of the common type (GdA- and GdMediterranean) results in extremely mild chronic hemolysis. In contrast, 65 males (from 47 unrelated families) have been reported with a different syndrome of severe chronic hemolysis associated with a superficially similar deficiency in the activity of G6PD. Five new such patients (from four unrelated families) are reported. Biochemical characterization of the erythrocyte G6PD from these patients indicates that these four mutant enzymes are different from each other and from previously reported variants. These new mutants have tentatively been named G6PD New York, G6PD Englewood, G6PD Rotterdam and G6PD Den Haag. The congenital nonspherocytic hemolytic anemias associated with G6PD deficiency appear to be an extremely heterogeneous group from the point of view of biochemical kinetics. The relationships between the clinical syndrome and the various biochemical enzyme characteristics are discussed in the light of the information presently available.

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