scholarly journals The effect of azaserine on glutamine uptake by rat renal brush-border membranes

1980 ◽  
Vol 192 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Y Hsu ◽  
C M Marshall ◽  
P D McNamara ◽  
S Segal
Keyword(s):  
Brush Border ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Competitive Inhibitor ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Transport Inhibition ◽  
Renal Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Renal Brush Border

Azaserine added directly to isolated rat renal brush-border membrane vesicles inhibits uptake of L-glutamine. Azaserine acts as a non-competitive inhibitor of the low-Km system for glutamine transport, but has no effect on the high-Km system. Preincubation of the vesicles with azaserine at 37 degrees C min is not required for transport inhibition to occur, although it is a requirement for gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase inhibition. Removal of azaserine from the vesicle preparation by repeated resuspensions in buffer results in a reversal of the transport inhibition but not in reversal of enzyme inhibition. Azaserine also inhibits vesicle uptake of L-proline and alpha-methyl D-glucoside, indicating a generalized effect on membrane transport systems. The data cast doubt on the postulate that gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase might act as the carrier mechanism for glutamine reabsorption by renal cortical cells.

Transport characteristics of renal brush border Na(+)- and K(+)-dependent uridine carriers

1990 ◽  
Vol 258 (5) ◽  
pp. F1203-F1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Lee ◽  
C. I. Cheeseman ◽  
S. M. Jarvis
Keyword(s):  
Brush Border ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Positive Charge ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Uridine Uptake ◽  
Renal Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Coupling Stoichiometry ◽  
Renal Brush Border

The uptake of uridine into rat renal brush-border membrane vesicles is mediated by Na(+)- and K(+)-dependent concentrative transport processes. At a 100 mM extravesicular cation concentration the apparent Km values were 9.7 +/- 4.2 and 28 +/- 5 microM, and Vmax values were 28 +/- 4 and 7 +/- 1 pmol.mg protein-1.s-1 for the Na(+)- and K(+)-dependent systems, respectively. Uracil, D-ribose, and D-glucose failed to inhibit the uptake processes, indicating that these carriers are specific for nucleosides. Other purines and pyrimidines inhibited uridine uptake competitively, although these two transport systems seem to favor adenosine and pyrimidines as permeants. Evidence is also given that transport is rheogenic, involving a net transfer of positive charge. The Na+:uridine and K+:uridine coupling stoichiometry was found to be 1:1 and 3:2, respectively. Both systems can also be driven by an anion gradient with apparent NO3- affinity (KNO3-) values of 42 +/- 13 and 163 +/- 54 mM for Na(+)- and K(+)-dependent systems, respectively.

Potential-dependent D-glucose uptake by renal brush border membrane vesicles in the absence of sodium

1982 ◽  
Vol 242 (4) ◽  
pp. F340-F345
Author(s):  
S. Hilden ◽  
B. Sacktor
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Brush Border Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Uptake System ◽  
Renal Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Renal Brush Border

The uptake of D-glucose by renal brush border membrane vesicles was studied in the absence of Na+. Uptake of the sugar was membrane potential dependent (inside negative), inhibited by phlorizin, sugar and stereospecific, accelerated by exchange diffusion, saturable, and temperature dependent. The binding of phlorizin in the absence of Na+ was also increased by a membrane potential (inside negative). Thus, the properties of this membrane potential-dependent, Na+-independent sugar transport system resembled those described for the Na+-D-glucose cotransport system. In the absence of Na+ but in the presence of a valinomycin-induced K+ diffusion potential the apparent Km for D-glucose was 43 mM. This contrasted with an apparent Km of 1.8 mM for the Na+ chemical gradient system. Therefore, the Na+-independent uptake system represented a low-affinity transport mechanism. It is suggested that the same carrier mediated the Na+-independent and Na+-dependent transport systems. A hypothetical model for the membrane potential-dependent stimulation of D-glucose uptake in the absence of Na+ is proposed.

scholarly journals Multiple sodium-dependent nucleoside transport systems in bovine renal brush-border membrane vesicles

1991 ◽  
Vol 274 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
T C Williams ◽  
S M Jarvis
Keyword(s):  
Brush Border ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Brush Border Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Nucleoside Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Facilitated Diffusion ◽  
Nucleoside Transporter ◽  
Renal Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Renal Brush Border

Na(+)-dependent nucleoside transport was examined in bovine renal brush-border membrane vesicles. Two separate Na+/nucleoside cotransporters were shown to be present: (1) a system specific for purine nucleosides and uridine, designated as the N1 carrier, and (2) an Na(+)-dependent nucleoside transporter that accepts pyrimidine nucleosides, adenosine and analogues of adenosine, designated as the N2 system. Both systems exhibit a high affinity for nucleosides (apparent Km values approximately 10 microM), are insensitive to inhibition by facilitated-diffusion nucleoside transport inhibitors, are rheogenic and exhibit a high specificity for Na+. Na+ increases the affinity of the influx of guanosine and thymidine, nucleosides that serve as model permeants for the N1 and N2 nucleoside transporters respectively. The Na+/nucleoside coupling stoichiometry is consistent with 1:1 for both carriers.

Anion dependence of taurine transport by rat renal brush-border membrane vesicles

1989 ◽  
Vol 256 (4) ◽  
pp. F646-F655
Author(s):  
I. Zelikovic ◽  
E. Stejskal-Lorenz ◽  
P. Lohstroh ◽  
A. Budreau ◽  
R. W. Chesney
Keyword(s):  
Brush Border ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Brush Border Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Disulfonic Acid ◽  
Renal Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Transport Inhibitors ◽  
Taurine Uptake ◽  
Renal Brush Border

The anionic requirements and the stoichiometric relationships of Na+-taurine cotransport into rat renal brush-border membrane vesicles (BBMV) were evaluated. External Cl- (100 mM) or Br- (100 mM) gradients supported the full overshoot of Na+-taurine symport and yielded similar high-affinity transport systems for taurine uptake. No active uptake of taurine was evident in the presence of external (100 mM) NaF, NaI, Na gluconate, or Na p-aminohippurate (PAH). Na+:taurine stoichiometry was 2.18:1 in the presence of Cl- and 1.60:1 in the presence of Br-. When the external anion gluconate was employed, Na+-dependent taurine uptake was negligible over the whole range of Na+ concentrations examined. Cl-:taurine and Br-:taurine stoichiometries in the presence of external Na+ were 0.97:1 and 0.81:1, respectively. External furosemide (1 mM) or bumetanide (1 mM) did not change taurine accumulation and kinetic parameters. The anionic transport inhibitors 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (5 x 10(-4) M), N-(4-azido-2-nitrophenyl)-2-aminoethylsulfonate (10(-3) M) and p-chloromercuribenzoate (5 x 10(-4) M) significantly decreased initial rate of taurine uptake by 48, 31, and 31%, respectively. These data suggest that Na+-taurine cotransport into rat renal BBMV is Cl- or Br- dependent and probably operates by means of 2 Na+:1 Cl- or Br-:1 taurine carrier complex. Na+-taurine symport across the rat renal brush-border membrane surface is not affected by diuretics that influence NaCl cotransport but is affected by selected anionic transport inhibitors. An intact anionic binding site may be needed for this translocation process.

Amiloride transport in rabbit renal brush-border membrane vesicles

1989 ◽  
Vol 256 (3) ◽  
pp. F462-F468
Author(s):  
S. H. Wright ◽  
T. M. Wunz
Keyword(s):  
Brush Border ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Competitive Inhibitor ◽  
Brush Border Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Ph Gradient ◽  
Renal Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Renal Brush Border ◽  
Active Accumulation

Rabbit renal brush-border membrane vesicles (BBMV) were used to study amiloride transport across the luminal membrane of proximal tubular cells. An outwardly directed H+ gradient (pHi 6.0; pHo 7.5) stimulated 8 microM [14C]-amiloride uptake into BBMV and supported a transient "active" accumulation of substrate consistent with the presence of an amiloride-H+ exchange process. Uptake was inhibited, in the presence or absence of a pH gradient, by 1 mM unlabeled amiloride or 20 mM tetraethylammonium (TEA). Amiloride transport was not directly affected by the presence of 100 mM Na+ in the extravesicular medium, suggesting that Na-H exchange did not mediate amiloride flux. Amiloride transport was a saturable process with a maximal flux (under pH gradient conditions) of 3 nmol.mg-1.min-1 and an apparent Kt of 8 microM. TEA acted as a competitive inhibitor of this process with an apparent Ki of approximately 80 microM, similar to the Kt of TEA transport via the TEA-H+ exchanger. Likewise, amiloride acted as a competitive inhibitor of TEA uptake with an apparent Ki of approximately 11 microM. Preloading BBMV with 1-2 mM TEA stimulated the rate of amiloride uptake and supported a transient active accumulation of amiloride. We conclude that amiloride and TEA are transported by a common pathway in BBMV, which involves a carrier-mediated exchange with H+ and which may play a role in the tubular secretion of these compounds.

Low-affinity transport of pyroglutamyl-histidine in renal brush-border membrane vesicles

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (5) ◽  
pp. C971-C975 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Skopicki ◽  
K. Fisher ◽  
D. Zikos ◽  
G. Flouret ◽  
D. R. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Brush Border ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Brush Border Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Proximal Tubular Cells ◽  
Tubular Cells ◽  
Luminal Membrane ◽  
Renal Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Proximal Tubular ◽  
Renal Brush Border

These studies were performed to determine if a low-affinity carrier is present in the luminal membrane of proximal tubular cells for the transport of the dipeptide, pyroglutamyl-histidine (pGlu-His). We have previously described the existence of a specific, high-affinity, low-capacity [transport constant (Kt) = 9.3 X 10(-8) M, Vmax = 6.1 X 10(-12) mol.mg-1.min-1] carrier for pGlu-His in renal brush-border membrane vesicles. In the present study, we sought to demonstrate that multiple carriers exist for the transport of a single dipeptide by determining whether a low-affinity carrier also exists for the uptake of pGlu-His. Transport of pGlu-His into brush-border membrane vesicles was saturable over the concentration range of 10(-5)-10(-3) M, yielding a Kt of 6.3 X 10(-5) M and a Vmax of 2.2 X 10(-10) mol.mg-1.min-1. Uptake was inhibited by the dipeptides glycyl-proline, glycyl-sarcosine, and carnosine but not by the tripeptide pyroglutamyl-histidyl-prolinamide. We conclude that 1) pGlu-His is transported across the luminal membrane of the proximal tubule by multiple carriers and 2) the lower affinity carrier, unlike the higher affinity carrier, is nonspecific with respect to other dipeptides.

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