scholarly journals The metabolism of L-tryptophan by isolated rat liver cells. Effect of albumin binding and amino acid competition on oxidatin of tryptophan by tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase

1980 ◽  
Vol 186 (3) ◽  
pp. 977-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
S A Smith ◽  
C I Pogson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Albumin Binding ◽  
Isolated Rat Liver ◽  
Free Tryptophan ◽  
Rat Liver Cells ◽  
Tryptophan Oxidation ◽  
Isolated Rat

1. Novel methods, using L-[ring-2-14C]tryptophan, are described for the measurement of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity and tryptophan accumulation in isolated rat liver cells. 2. The effects of bovine serum albumin, non-esterified fatty acids and neutral amino acids on tryptophan oxidation by hepatocytes and on the partition of tryptophan between free and albumin-bound forms were investigated. 3. Oxidation of physiological concentrations (0.1 mM) of tryptophan was inhibited by approx. 50% in the presence of 2% (w/v) bovine serum albumin; no effects were found at tryptophan concentrations of 0.5 mM and above. 4. Increases in free tryptophan concentrations produced by displacement of 0.1 mM-tryptophan from albumin-binding sites by palmitate resulted in increased flux through tryptophan dioxygenase. 5. Addition of a mixture of neutral amino acids, at plasma concentrations, to hepatocyte incubations had no effect on the rate of tryptophan oxidation. 6. It is concluded that alterations in free tryptophan concentrations consequent to changes in albumin binding may be an important factor in regulating tryptophan uptake and catabolism by the liver. The results are briefly discussed with reference to possible consequences on brain tryptophan metabolism.

scholarly journals PREVENTION OF PHOSPHATE - INDUCED MITOCHONDRIAL SWELLING

1962 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold J. Kroll ◽  
Toichiro Kuwabara
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Mitochondrial Swelling ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Isolated Rat Liver ◽  
Isolated Rat

The prevention of phosphate-induced mitochondrial swelling in the whole retina of the rabbit was studied with the electron microscope. It was found that a mixture of ATP, Mg++, and bovine serum albumin protected the mitochondria in vitro. This finding confirmed the results obtained spectrophotometrically with isolated rat liver mitochondria by Lehninger.

Effects of amino acid supplements and replacement of polyvinyl alcohol with bovine serum albumin in porcine zygote medium

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chie Suzuki ◽  
Koji Yoshioka
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Total Cell ◽  
Cell Numbers

The effects of glutamine, hypotaurine, taurine and premixed solutions of essential amino acids (EAA) and non-essential amino acids (NEAA) on in vitro development of porcine zygotes were evaluated. The effects of refreshing the medium and replacing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) on embryonic development were also investigated. Porcine zygotes produced by in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro fertilisation (IVF) were cultured in porcine zygote medium (PZM), as the basal culture medium, for 5 days after IVF. The total number of cells in blastocysts was significantly increased by the addition of 2 mm glutamine to PZM, as was blastocyst yields after supplementation with 0.25 to 4 mm glutamine. Addition of 1.25 to 10 mm hypotaurine to PZM significantly increased blastocyst yields. Addition of 5 mm taurine to PZM significantly increased blastocyst yield, whereas taurine had no effect on blastocyst yield in cultures already containing 5 mm hypotaurine. Adding 1× EAA significantly increased the rate of blastocyst formation compared with no or 2× EAA, whereas 2× NEAA significantly increased the total cell numbers in blastocysts compared with no NEAA. Refreshing the medium at Day 3 had no effect on blastocyst yields, whereas medium change significantly reduced the total cell numbers in blastocysts. Adjusting the amino acid concentrations of a chemically defined medium can improve the developmental competence of porcine embryo.

scholarly journals The effects L-leucine on the synthesis of urea, glutamate and glutamine by isolated rat liver cells

1975 ◽  
Vol 146 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Mourão ◽  
J D McGivan ◽  
J B Chappell
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Glutamate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Carbamoyl Phosphate ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Isolated Rat Liver ◽  
Rat Liver Cells ◽  
Isolated Rat

With either alanine or a mixture of 15 different amino acids as nitrogen source, the addition of L-leucine inhibited the synthesis of urea by isolated rat liver cells. With alanine present leucine promoted the production of glutamate and glutamine. Comparison of effects of leucine on soluble glutamate dehydrogenase, mitochondria and isolated cells supports the postulate that leucine exerts its effect through activation of glutamate dehydrogenase. It is suggested that this latter enzyme may not be as important for the production of NH3 for carbamoyl phosphate synthesis as has been considered hitherto.

Interaction between carisoprodol and bovine serum albumin and effect of β-cyclodextrin on binding: insights from molecular docking and spectroscopic techniques

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (68) ◽  
pp. 63463-63471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mallavva B. Bolattin ◽  
Sharanappa T. Nandibewoor ◽  
Shrinivas D. Joshi ◽  
Sheshagiri R. Dixit ◽  
Shivamurti A. Chimatadar
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Hydrophobic Amino Acids

Interactions between the BSA and CAP in the docked model. Figure showing H-bonding interactions and carisoprodol surrounded by hydrophobic amino acids Leu249, Leu250 and Gly247 in subdomain IIA.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic Study of the Interaction of Bovine Serum Albumin and Amino Acids with Cellulose Nanocrystals

Langmuir ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (22) ◽  
pp. 5473-5481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Lombardo ◽  
Samuel Eyley ◽  
Christina Schütz ◽  
Hans van Gorp ◽  
Sabine Rosenfeldt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Thermodynamic Study
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