scholarly journals Hepatic drug hydroxylation and lipid peroxidation in riboflavin-deficient rats*

1974 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Patel ◽  
N. R. Galdhar ◽  
S. S. Pawar
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Hydroxylase Activity ◽  
Riboflavin Deficiency ◽  
Hepatic Drug ◽  
Drug Hydroxylation ◽  
Riboflavin Deficient

The effect of riboflavin deficiency and phenobarbital pretreatment on drug hydroxylation and lipid peroxidation was investigated. A significant decrease in aniline and acetanilide hydroxylation as well as NADPH-linked and ascorbate-induced lipid peroxidation was observed during 4- and 7-week riboflavin deficiency in both adult male and adult female rats. The drug-hydroxylation and lipid-peroxidation activities were further lowered with the increase in riboflavin deficiency. The phenobarbital pretreatment induced aniline and acetanilide hydroxylase activity even in riboflavin-deficient animals. Drug hydroxylation inhibits lipid peroxidation in both deficient and normal rats. The administration of riboflavin was followed by a significant increase in drug hydroxylation and lipid peroxidation.

EFFECT OF SEX AND AGE AT GONADECTOMY ON THE SEBACEOUS RESPONSE TO PROGESTERONE

1977 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAM SHUSTER ◽  
WENDY M. HINKS ◽  
A. J. THODY
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Sebum Production ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Sebum Secretion

SUMMARY The effect of progesterone on the rate of sebum secretion was examined in intact and gonadectomized rats. In intact, adult, male rats, progesterone administered for 3 weeks decreased sebum secretion; after castration of adult males, progesterone increased sebum secretion and an even greater response occurred in males castrated at 21 days of age. In intact, adult, female rats progesterone slightly increased sebum production. As in the male, the response was affected by the time of gonadectomy, a greater response occurring after spaying at 21 days compared with 10 weeks of age. Thus, the response to progesterone in the adult rat differs in intact males and females and is affected by changes in the endocrine environment induced by gonadectomy, especially near the time of puberty.

scholarly journals Effect of riboflavin deficiency on reproductive performance and on biochemical indices of riboflavin status in the rat

1985 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia M. Duerden ◽  
C. J. Bates
Keyword(s):  
Post Partum ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Riboflavin Deficiency ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
Activation Coefficient ◽  
Riboflavin Deficient ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
Riboflavin Status

1. Young female rats were made riboflavin-deficient by feeding a purified diet containing casein (210 g/kg). This basal diet provided 0.40 mg riboflavin/kg diet, to which was added additional riboflavin at 0, 0.12 or 0.25 mg/kg diet. Control animals received the same diet with 15 mg added riboflavin/kg. The diets were given for 4 weeks before mating, then throughout pregnancy and for 15 d of lactation.2. With no added riboflavin in the diet, reproduction was severely impaired and fetal resorption was usually observed. With 0.12 mg added riboflavin/kg diet, however, reproduction was usually successful, and the growth of dams and pups was only marginally depressed in comparison with pair-fed controls optimally supplied with riboflavin.3. The activation coefficient (stimulated: basal activity) of erythrocyte glutathione reductase (NAD(P)H) (EC 1.6.4.2)was high, and the concentration of riboflavin in the liver was correspondingly low in the dams receiving diets containing 0.12 or 0.25 mg added riboflavin/kg and in their sucking pups at 15 d post partum. Riboflavin levels in the milk from both groups of dams were about eightfold lower than in controls. There was little evidence that the sucking pups could maintain their riboflavin level at the expense of that in the maternal tissues.

scholarly journals Participation of two structurally related enzymes in rat hepatic microsomal androstenedione 7α-hydroxylation

1990 ◽  
Vol 265 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
D J Waxman ◽  
D P Lapenson ◽  
K Nagata ◽  
H D Conlon
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Rat Liver Microsomes ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Hydroxylase Activity

Rat hepatic cytochrome P-450 form 3 (testosterone 7 alpha-hydroxylase; P-450 gene IIA1) and P-450 form RLM2 (testosterone 15 alpha-hydroxylase; P-450 gene IIA2) are 88% identical in primary structure, yet they hydroxylate testosterone with distinct and apparently unrelated regioselectivities. In this study, androstenedione and progesterone were used to assess the regioselectivity and stereospecificity of these two P-450 enzymes towards other steroid substrates. Although P-450 RLM2 exhibited low 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity with testosterone or progesterone as substrate (turnover number less than or equal to 1-2 nmol of metabolite/min per nmol of P-450), it did catalyse androstenedione 7 alpha-hydroxylation at a high rate (21 min-1) which exceeded that of P-450 3 (7 min-1). However, whereas P-450 3 exhibited a high specificity for hydroxylation of these steroids at the 7 alpha position (95-97% of total activity), P-450 RLM2 actively metabolized these compounds at four or more major sites including the nearby C-15 position, which dominated in the case of testosterone and progesterone. The observation that androstenedione is actively 7 alpha-hydroxylated by purified P-450 RLM2 suggested that this P-450 enzyme might make significant contributions to microsomal androstenedione 7 alpha-hydroxylation, an activity that was previously reported to be associated with immunoreactive P-450 3. Antibody inhibition experiments were therefore carried out in liver microsomes using polyclonal anti-(P-450 3) antibodies which cross-react with P-450 RLM2, and using a monoclonal antibody that is reactive with and inhibitory towards P-450 3 but not P-450 RLM2. P-450 3 was thus shown to catalyse only around 35% of the total androstenedione 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity in uninduced adult male rat liver microsomes, with the balance attributed to P-450 RLM2. The P-450-3-dependent 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity was increased to approximately 65% of the total in phenobarbital-induced adult male microsomes, and to greater than 90% of the total in untreated adult female rat liver microsomes. These observations are consistent with the inducibility of P-450 3 by phenobarbital and with the absence of P-450 RLM2 from adult female rat liver respectively. These findings establish that P-450 RLM2 and P-450 3 can both contribute significantly to microsomal androstenedione 7 alpha-hydroxylation, thus demonstrating that the 7 alpha-hydroxylation of this androgen does not serve as a specific catalytic monitor for microsomal P-450 3.

scholarly journals Endocrine regulation of sex differences in hepatic histidase activity

1985 ◽  
Vol 231 (3) ◽  
pp. 785-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
C A Lamartiniere
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Endocrine Regulation ◽  
Pituitary Glands

Hepatic histidase activity in adult female rats is twice that in adult male rats. Hypophysectomy and thyroidectomy result in a significant increase in hepatic histidase activities in males, but not in females. This effect on histidase is reversed by the exogenous administration of tri-iodothyronine, but not by ectopic pituitary glands or purified pituitary hormones.

scholarly journals Effects of Age and Sex on the Healing of Acetic-Acid Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Adult Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
Serah F. Ige ◽  
Waliyat O. Aremu ◽  
Bolade S. Olateju ◽  
Victor A. Oladipupo ◽  
Adedayo T. Adekola
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Age And Sex

Aims: Ulcerative colitis is a disease of the bowel that occurs in all ages and affects both males and females. This research study was designed to investigate the effect of age and sex on the healing of colitis in rats. Methodology: Twenty - eight rats were randomly distributed into four groups of seven animals per group; adult male rats, mid age male rats, adult female rats and mid age female rats. Mid age and adult Wistar rats were 7- 8weeks and 14 weeks old respectively. Colitis was induced through a single intra-colonic instillation of 7% acetic acid (1mL/100g body weight) and allowed to heal for 14 days. Blood samples were obtained for analysis. Colon samples were also obtained for histomorphological study and biochemical assays (Myeloperoxidase activities, Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione, Catalase and Malondialdehyde) levels. Results: There was no significant difference in Malondialdehyde concentration, catalase, Superoxide dismutase, Myeloperoxidase, Platelet Distribution Width, Platelet Count, Basophil cell numbers, Eosinophil cell numbers, platelet cells, Mean Platelet Volume , Mean Cell Volume and white blood cells across the groups. The Glutathione concentration in mid age male rats was significantly increased when compared with adult male rats. The haemoglobin , Lymphocytes and Mean Cell Haemoglobin levels were increased while neutrophils and monocyte levels were decreased in the younger female rats. The histomorphological study revealed poorly preserved surface epithelia layer of the colon in adult male rats while mid age male and female rats showed moderately preserved surface epithelia layer, adult female rats showed normal surface epithelia layer. Conclusion: Mid age rats heal faster than adult rats while in terms of sex, female rats tends to heal faster than male rats.

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