scholarly journals Non-enzymic nature of the pyridine haemochrome-cleaving activity of mammalian tissue extracts (‘haem α-methyl oxygenase’)

1970 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 905-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emer Colleran ◽  
P. Ó Carra
Keyword(s):  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Mammalian Tissue ◽  
Tissue Extracts ◽  
Mammalian Liver

1. The pyridine haemochrome-cleaving activity of extracts from mammalian liver and other tissues is shown conclusively to be entirely non-enzymic in nature and attributable to coupled oxidation with ascorbate. 2. Reduced glutathione probably contributes to the activity indirectly by continuously regenerating the ascorbate to the reduced form. 3. The cleavage shows no specificity for the α-methine bridge of pyridine haemochrome. 4. Results are presented suggesting some probable reasons for the erroneous characterization of the activity as an α-methine-specific haem-cleaving enzyme (`haem α-methenyl oxygenase') by Nakajima and co-workers (e.g. Nakajima, Takemura, Nakajima & Yamaoka, 1963; Nakajima & Gray, 1967).

scholarly journals Very Fast and Accurate Procedure for the Characterization of Photovoltaic Panels from Datasheet Information

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonino Laudani ◽  
Francesco Riganti Fulginei ◽  
Alessandro Salvini ◽  
Gabriele Maria Lozito ◽  
Salvatore Coco
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Approximation Techniques ◽  
Computational Costs ◽  
Minimization Technique ◽  
Accurate Procedure

In recent years several numerical methods have been proposed to identify the five-parameter model of photovoltaic panels from manufacturer datasheets also by introducing simplification or approximation techniques. In this paper we present a fast and accurate procedure for obtaining the parameters of the five-parameter model by starting from its reduced form. The procedure allows characterizing, in few seconds, thousands of photovoltaic panels present on the standard databases. It introduces and takes advantage of further important mathematical considerations without any model simplifications or data approximations. In particular the five parameters are divided in two groups, independent and dependent parameters, in order to reduce the dimensions of the search space. The partitioning of the parameters provides a strong advantage in terms of convergence, computational costs, and execution time of the present approach. Validations on thousands of photovoltaic panels are presented that show how it is possible to make easy and efficient the extraction process of the five parameters, without taking care of choosing a specific solver algorithm but simply by using any deterministic optimization/minimization technique.

THE DEGRADATION OF CHOLESTEROL BY MAMMALIAN TISSUE EXTRACTS

1954 ◽  
Vol 76 (15) ◽  
pp. 4048-4048 ◽  
Author(s):  
William S. Lynn ◽  
Ezra Staple ◽  
Samuel Gurin
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Tissue ◽  
Tissue Extracts

Production and utilization of monoclonal antibodies to human/rat corticotrophin-releasing factor-41

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. G. N. Milton ◽  
E. W. Hillhouse ◽  
S. A. Nicholson ◽  
C. H. Self ◽  
A. M. McGregor
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Corticotrophin Releasing Factor ◽  
Tissue Extracts ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Hypothalamic Tissue ◽  
Dose Dependent

ABSTRACT Murine monoclonal antibodies against human/rat corticotrophin-releasing factor-41 (CRF-41) were produced and characterized for use in the immunological and biological characterization of CRF-41. Spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with CRF-41 conjugated to bovine γ-globulin were fused with a BALB/c-derived non-secretor X-63 myeloma line. Hybridomas were selected for CRF antibody production by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and positive hybridomas cloned twice. Three monoclonal antibodies were obtained (KCHMB001, KCHMB002 and KCHMB003) and characterized as IgG1, IgG1 and IgG2a isotypes respectively, with affinity constants for rat CRF-41 of 30, 53 and 34 nmol/l respectively. All three monoclonal antibodies recognize an epitope contained between residues 34 and 41 of the human/rat sequence. The antibodies were able to neutralize the ACTH-releasing activity of rat CRF-41, applied to rat pituitary fragments in vitro, in a dose-dependent manner. Isoelectric focusing showed that KCHMB 003 detected bands of synthetic rat CRF-41 and rat [Met(O)21,38]-CRF-41 at pH 7·1 and 6·8 respectively. Use of KCHMB003 in a two-site enzyme-amplified immunoassay showed that this antibody recognizes both synthetic rat CRF-41 and immunoreactive CRF-41 in rat hypothalamic tissue extracts.

A New In-line Laser-based Acoustic Technique for Pillar Bump Metrology

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (1) ◽  
pp. 000486-000492
Author(s):  
Todd W. Murray ◽  
Andrew Bakir ◽  
David M. Stobbe ◽  
Michael J. Kotelyanskii ◽  
Robin A. Mair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Vibrational Modes ◽  
Acoustic Technique ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
Improved Performance

The drive to reduce the interconnect pitch and increase the number of connections for packaging in mobile devices has led to the development of copper pillar bumps. The key drivers for the adoption of copper pillars are improved performance, reduced form factor and lower cost. In this paper, we present a laser-based acoustic technique for the characterization of multi-layer pillars. This non-contact technique has a high sensitivity for materials characterization with micron-scale spatial resolution. Absorption of laser light causes excitation of elastic waves that propagate through the pillar and are reflected by the pillar walls, exciting vibrational modes in the structure. We have demonstrated that our approach is sensitive to the thicknesses of individual layers in bi-layer and tri-layer copper pillar stacks. Focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB SEM) has been used to optimize the model and to validate the accuracy of the technique.

Quantitation and Partial Characterization of Nonsuppressible Insulin-like Activity in Serum and Tissue Extracts of the Rat1

Endocrinology ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
SOLOMON S. SOLOMON ◽  
PHILLIP L. POFFENBARGER ◽  
DIETER K. HEPP ◽  
L. FREDERICK FENSTER ◽  
JOHN W. ENSINCK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partial Characterization ◽  
Tissue Extracts ◽  
Insulin Like Activity

scholarly journals The chemistry of the collagen cross-links. The characterization of Fraction C, a possible artifact produced during the reduction of collagen fibres with borohydride

1973 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon P. Robins ◽  
Allen J. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Aldol Condensation ◽  
Condensation Product ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Borohydride Reduction ◽  
Cross Link ◽  
Collagen Fibres ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Cross Links

The present paper describes the isolation and identification of a major radioactive component of borotritide-reduced collagen, previously designated Fraction C. The derived structure for the compound confirms that it is identical with the ‘post-histidine’ component described by Tanzer et al. (1973) and given the trivial name histidino-hydroxymerodesmosine. Detailed studies of the effects of acid pH on the formation of Fraction C after borohydride reduction demonstrated the apparent lability of the non-reduced form, thus confirming our previous findings (Bailey & Lister, 1968). Inhibition of the formation of this component by the acid treatment appears to be due to protonation of the histidine imidazole group. Since the only new component formed on reduction of the acid-treated fibres was the reduced aldol condensation product, these results indicate that neither the histidine nor the hydroxylysine residues can be involved in covalent linkage with the aldol condensation product in the native fibre. It is suggested therefore that the proposed non-reduced aldimine form of Fraction C does not exist as an intermolecular cross-link in vivo. Thus the presence of histidino-hydroxymerodesmosine as a tetrafunctional cross-link in reduced collagen fibres is a result of a base-catalysed reaction promoted by the borohydride-reduction procedure and this component must therefore be considered as an artifact.

Identification and functional characterization of the bile acid transport proteins in non-mammalian ileum and mammalian liver

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 462-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Guariento ◽  
Domenico Raimondo ◽  
Michael Assfalg ◽  
Serena Zanzoni ◽  
Patrizia Pesente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Transport Proteins ◽  
Acid Transport ◽  
Bile Acid Transport ◽  
Mammalian Liver

Characterization of a Nano-Composite Sensor in Multiple Environmental Domains

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swathi Chimalapati ◽  
Laine Mears ◽  
Andrew C. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Conductive Filler ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Nano Composite ◽  
Test Circuit ◽  
Conductive Substrate ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

A sensor composed of a composite material formed of a polymer and nano-carbon conductive filler is characterized for measurement of pressure through the relationship to contact resistance. The sensor has the physical attributes of polymer, but is electrically conductive and can therefore be used on a conductive substrate to gauge pressure and subsequently load. Benefits over traditional force sensing include reduced cost, full control of geometry, reduced form factor, resistance to impact and to corrosion. A test circuit was developed to study the behavior of the sensor at different loads and surface conditions, and behavior over time. Prospective applications on manufacturing and automotive fields are proposed.

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