scholarly journals Characterization of messenger-like ribonucleic acid from Saccharomyces cerevisiae by the use of chromatography on methylated albumin–kieselguhr

1970 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Nucleotide Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dilute Solution ◽  
A Minor

Chromatography on methylated albumin–kieselguhr of RNA from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used to separate stable RNA from a tenaciously bound DNA-like RNA fraction. The tenaciously bound RNA, which was eluted with a dilute solution of sodium dodecyl sulphate, was characterized as messenger-like RNA by its sedimentation behaviour, nucleotide composition, lack of methylated bases and labelling kinetics. Chromatography of purified ribosomal RNA indicated a minor contamination of the tenaciously bound fraction with ribosomal RNA. On the other hand, a large portion of pulse-labelled polyribosomal RNA from protoplasts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was tenaciously bound to the columns. The `chase' of isotopic label from the messenger-like RNA was found to be retarded during inhibition of protein synthesis both by cycloheximide and by starvation for a carbon source.

scholarly journals Identical 3′-terminal octanucleotide sequence in 18S ribosomal ribonucleic acid from different eukaryotes. A proposed role for this sequence in the recognition of terminator codons

1974 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Shine ◽  
Lynn Dalgarno
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Base Sequence ◽  
Terminal Sequence ◽  
Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Rrna Species

The 3′-terminal sequence of 18S ribosomal RNA from Drosophila melanogaster and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was determined by stepwise degradation from the 3′-terminus and labelling with [3H]isoniazid. The sequence G-A-U-C-A-U-U-AOH was found at the 3′-terminus of both 18S rRNA species. Less extensive data for 18S RNA from a number of other eukaryotes are consistent with the same 3′-terminal sequence, and an identical sequence has previously been reported for the 3′-end of rabbit reticulocyte 18S rRNA (Hunt, 1970). These results suggest that the base sequence in this region is strongly conserved and may be identical in all eukaryotes. As the 3′-terminal hexanucleotide is complementary to eukaryotic terminator codons we discuss the possibility that the 3′-end of 18S rRNA may have a direct base-pairing role in the termination of protein synthesis.

scholarly journals Isolation, nucleotide sequence analysis, and disruption of the MDH2 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae: evidence for three isozymes of yeast malate dehydrogenase.

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 370-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
K I Minard ◽  
L McAlister-Henn
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Haploid Strain

The major nonmitochondrial isozyme of malate dehydrogenase (MDH2) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells grown with acetate as a carbon source was purified and shown by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to have a subunit molecular weight of approximately 42,000. Enzyme assays and an antiserum prepared against the purified protein were used to screen a collection of acetate-nonutilizing (acetate-) yeast mutants, resulting in identification of mutants in one complementation group that lack active or immunoreactive MDH2. Transformation and complementation of the acetate- growth phenotype was used to isolate a plasmid carrying the MDH2 gene from a yeast genomic DNA library. The amino acid sequence derived from complete nucleotide sequence analysis of the isolated gene was found to be extremely similar (49% residue identity) to that of yeast mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (molecular weight, 33,500) despite the difference in sizes of the two proteins. Disruption of the MDH2 gene in a haploid yeast strain produced a mutant unable to grow on minimal medium with acetate or ethanol as a carbon source. Disruption of the MDH2 gene in a haploid strain also containing a disruption in the chromosomal MDH1 gene encoding the mitochondrial isozyme produced a strain unable to grow with acetate but capable of growth on rich medium with glycerol as a carbon source. The detection of residual malate dehydrogenase activity in the latter strain confirmed the existence of at least three isozymes in yeast cells.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Fischoederius elongatus Derived from Cows in Shanghai, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Zhaoqing Han ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
Houqiang Luo ◽  
Muhammad Shahzad ◽  
Khalid Mehmood
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Codon Position ◽  
Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Nucleotide Composition ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Rna Genes

A study was conducted to reveal the characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Fischoederius elongatus derived from cows in Shanghai, China. Results indicated that the complete mt genome of F. elongatus was 14,288 bp and contained 12 protein-coding genes (cox1-3, nad1-6, nad4L, atp6, and cytb), 22 transfer RNA genes, and two ribosomal RNA genes (l-rRNA and s-rRNA). The overall A + T content of the mt genome was 63.83%, and the nucleotide composition was A (19.83%), C (9.75%), G (26.43%), and T (44.00%). A total of 3284 amino acids were encoded by current F. elongatus isolate mt genome, TTT (Phe) (9.84%) and TTG (Leu) (7.73%) codon were the most frequent amino acids, whereas the ACC (Thr) (0.06%), GCC (Ala) (0.09%), CTC (Leu) (0.09%), and AAC (Asn) (0.09%) codon were the least frequent ones. At the third codon position of F. elongatus mt protein genes, T (50.82%) was observed most frequently and C (5.85%) was the least one. The current results can contribute to epidemiology diagnosis, molecular identification, taxonomy, genetic, and drug development researches about this parasite species in cattle.

Control of catalase and peroxidase biosynthesis by carbon source and oxygen in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1200-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Valdivia ◽  
J. Martinez ◽  
J. M. Ortega ◽  
E. Montoya
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Oxygen Tension ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
The Other ◽  
Prosthetic Group ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Direct Inhibitory Effect

The effect of carbon source and oxygen tension on catalase and peroxidase levels and on the intermediates of the biosynthesis of the prosthetic group of both enzymes has been studied. Oxygen produces an increase of both enzymatic activities, even in presence of glucose. On the other hand it seems probable that glucose does not have a direct inhibitory effect on the biosynthesis of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and porphyrins.

Relaxed mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Proper maturation of ribosomal RNA in absence of protein synthesis

Cell ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Waltschewa ◽  
Oleg Georgiev ◽  
Pencho Venkov
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Ribosomal Rna

scholarly journals ScII: an abundant chromosome scaffold protein is a member of a family of putative ATPases with an unusual predicted tertiary structure.

1994 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Saitoh ◽  
I G Goldberg ◽  
E R Wood ◽  
W C Earnshaw
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
Topoisomerase Ii ◽  
Tertiary Structure ◽  
Coiled Coil ◽  
Scaffold Protein ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mitotic Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosome Scaffold

Here, we describe the cloning and characterization of ScII, the second most abundant protein after topoisomerase II, of the chromosome scaffold fraction to be identified. ScII is structurally related to a protein, Smc1p, previously found to be required for accurate chromosome segregation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ScII and the other members of the emerging family of SMC1-like proteins are likely to be novel ATPases, with NTP-binding A and B sites separated by two lengthy regions predicted to form an alpha-helical coiled-coil. Analysis of the ScII B site predicted that ScII might use ATP by a mechanism similar to the bacterial recN DNA repair and recombination enzyme. ScII is a mitosis-specific scaffold protein that colocalizes with topoisomerase II in mitotic chromosomes. However, ScII appears not to be associated with the interphase nuclear matrix. ScII might thus play a role in mitotic processes such as chromosome condensation or sister chromatid disjunction, both of which have been previously shown to involve topoisomerase II.

scholarly journals Engineering of Cyclodextrin Glucanotransferase on the Cell Surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Improved Cyclodextrin Production

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 1873-1877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhankun Wang ◽  
Qingsheng Qi ◽  
Peng George Wang
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Immunofluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Yeast Fermentation ◽  
Cyclodextrin Glucanotransferase ◽  
Regulated Expression ◽  
Cyclodextrin Production

ABSTRACT The cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) gene (cgt) from Bacillus circulans 251 was cloned into plasmid pYD1, which allowed regulated expression, secretion, and detection. The expression of CGTase with a-agglutinin at the N-terminal end on the extracellular surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was confirmed by immunofluorescence microscopy. This surface-anchored CGTase gave the yeast the ability to directly utilize starch as a sole carbon source and the ability to produce the anticipated products, cyclodextrins, as well as glucose and maltose. The resulting glucose and maltose, which are efficient acceptors in the CGTase coupling reaction, could be consumed by yeast fermentation and thus facilitated cyclodextrin production. On the other hand, ethanol produced by the yeast may form a complex with cyclodextrin and shift the equilibrium in favor of cyclodextrin production. The yeast with immobilized CGTase produced 24.07 mg/ml cyclodextrins when it was incubated in yeast medium supplemented with 4% starch.

scholarly journals Characterization of hormonally regulated secretory proteins from the caput epididymidis of the rabbit

1981 ◽  
Vol 196 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Jones ◽  
K I von Glos ◽  
C R Brown
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Secretory Proteins ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Ductus Deferens ◽  
Testosterone Treatment ◽  
Ductuli Efferentes ◽  
Caput Epididymidis

1. The incorporation of [35S]methionine into protein was investigated in tissue minces from different regions of the rabbit epididymis incubated in vitro. Rates of synthesis were in the order: epididymal regions 2-5 greater than region 7 greater than region 6 greater than region 1 greater than region 8 greater than ductus deferens greater than ductuli efferentes. 2. Separation of labelled proteins on polyacrylamide gels containing sodium dodecyl sulphate followed by fluorography revealed that one protein (mol.wt. approx. 90 000) was characteristic of region 1, four proteins (one of mol.wt. 54 000 and three of mol.wt. 20 000) were synthesized principally in regions 2-5, and one protein (mol.wt. 22 500) was produced mainly in regions 6, 7 and 8. 3. Castration for 14 days decreased incorporation of [35S]methionine into total protein to less than 10% of that in controls in all regions of the epididymis. However, testosterone treatment for a further period of 14 days restored protein synthesis to normal values in regions 6, 7 and 8, but not in region 1 or regions 2-5. In regions 2-5 the synthesis of three proteins of mol.wt. 20 000 declined after castration, but was not stimulated by exogenous testosterone. Since the 20 000-mol.wt. proteins were major tissue proteins, accounting for 16-25% of the total synthesized, they were used as markers for investigating hormone action in the epididymis. 4. Castration followed immediately by testosterone treatment or ligation of the ductuli efferentes resulted in a decrease in their synthesis, suggesting that they are partially dependent on factors in testicular fluid. Purification and characterization showed them to be acidic glycoproteins with a number of biochemical and immunological properties in common. 5. It is suggested that there is a synergistic action between blood androgens and factors in testicular fluid in regulating protein synthesis in the proximal regions of the rabbit epididymis.

scholarly journals Xylose fermentation to ethanol by newGalactomyces geotrichumandCandida akabanensisstrains

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel V. Valinhas ◽  
Lílian A. Pantoja ◽  
Ana Carolina F. Maia ◽  
Maria Gabriela C.P. Miguel ◽  
Ana Paula F.C. Vanzela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Xylose Fermentation ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
The Other ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Second Generation Biofuels ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Optimized Conditions

The conversion of pentoses into ethanol remains a challenge and could increase the supply of second-generation biofuels. This study sought to isolate naturally occurring yeasts from plant biomass and determine their capabilities for transforming xylose into ethanol. Three yeast strains with the ability to ferment xylose were isolated from pepper, tomato and sugarcane bagasse. The strains selected were characterized by morphological and auxanographic assays, and they were identified by homology analysis of 5.8 S and 26 S ribosomal RNA gene sequences. The identities of two lineages of microrganism were associated withGalactomyces geotrichum, and the other was associated withCandida akabanensis. Fermentative processes were conducted with liquid media containing only xylose as the carbon source. YP/Svalues for the production of ethanol ranging between 0.29 and 0.35 g g−1were observed under non-optimized conditions.

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