scholarly journals The composition of the cyst wall of the beet cyst-nematode Heterodera schachtii

1970 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Cyst Wall ◽  
Inorganic Material ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Schachtii ◽  
Beet Cyst Nematode ◽  
Inorganic Content ◽  
Heterodera Rostochiensis ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Inorganic Components

1. Cyst walls of the beet cyst-nematode (Heterodera schachtii Schmidt) were obtained by sieving a suspension of crushed cysts; about 15mg of dried cyst walls was obtained from 1000 cysts. 2. The cyst walls contained 68% protein calculated from nitrogen content. Glutamic acid, glycine, proline and hydroxyproline made up about 54% by weight of the amino acids obtained on acid hydrolysis. 3. Minor constituents of the cyst wall were hexosamine (3.3%), lipid (6%), carbohydrate (2%) and phenols (2%). The hexosamine was identified as galactosamine. 4. The cyst walls contained inorganic material (ash 17%), most of which was extractable with EDTA, but not with water. Major inorganic components were calcium and phosphorus (1.7% and 1.5% respectively, by weight). Carbon dioxide (about 1% by weight) was liberated from the cyst walls on acidification. 5. The cyst walls of H. schachtii and the potato cyst-nematode (Heterodera rostochiensis) contained different amounts of the same amino acids. They also differed in their inorganic content and in the nature of the hexosamine present.

scholarly journals The chemical composition of the cyst wall of the potato cyst-nematode, Heterodera rostochiensis

1968 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Cyst Wall ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Potato Cyst Nematode ◽  
Larval Cuticle ◽  
Inorganic Matter ◽  
Heterodera Rostochiensis ◽  
Total Amino Acids

1. Cyst walls of the potato cyst-nematode (Heterodera rostochiensis Woll.) were isolated by sieving a suspension of crushed cysts. About 12mg. of dried cyst walls was obtained from 1000 cysts. 2. The cyst walls contained mainly protein (72%, calculated from nitrogen content). On acid hydrolysis about 77% of the cyst wall went into solution. Of 19 amino acids present, proline, glycine, and alanine were the most abundant, and made up about 50% by weight of the total amino acids. The amino acid composition suggested that collagen-like proteins predominated in the cyst wall and larval cuticle. 3. A small amount of glucosamine (1·5%) was present in the hydrolysates, but chitin was not detected in the cyst walls. 4. Other components of the cyst walls were lipid (2%), carbohydrate (0·5%) and a small amount of inorganic matter (ash, 5%). Polyphenols (2% by wt. of the cyst walls) occurred in the acid hydrolysates. The dark pigments of the cyst wall were not indole-containing melanins.

Computer mapping of records of beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii), 1928?77

1982 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
JENNIE A. WHITEWAY ◽  
T. J.W. ALPHEY ◽  
P. L. MATHIAS ◽  
J.F. SOUTHEY
Keyword(s):  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Schachtii ◽  
Computer Mapping ◽  
Beet Cyst Nematode

The beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii): an ancient threat to sugar beet crops in Central Europe has become an invisible actor.

2021 ◽  
pp. 394-399
Author(s):  
Matthias Daub
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Schachtii ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Beet Cyst Nematode ◽  
Management Optimization ◽  
Damage Symptoms

Abstract The beet cyst nematode (BCN) was one of the first discovered plant parasitic nematodes. Heterodera schachtii was observed in 1859 in Halle in Central Germany by the botanist Herman Schacht and described later by Adolf Schmidt in 1871, who named this cyst nematode species after its original discoverer. Partly due to the lack of knowledge about the effect of sugar beet monocultures on the population build-up of BCN, this nematode had a devastating impact on sugar production in 1876 that led to the shutdown of 24 sugar factories in Germany. This chapter discusses the economic importance, distribution, host range, damage symptoms, biology and life cycle, interactions with other nematodes and pathogens, recommended integrated management, and management optimization of H. schachtii. Future research requirements and future developments are also mentioned.

Molecular mapping in oil radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and QTL analysis of resistance against beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii)

2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Budahn ◽  
Herbert Peterka ◽  
Magdi Ali Ahmed Mousa ◽  
Yunhua Ding ◽  
Shaosong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qtl Analysis ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Molecular Mapping ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Schachtii ◽  
Beet Cyst Nematode ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L

scholarly journals Arabidopsis thionin-like genes are involved in resistance against the beet-cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii)

2019 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 55-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bachar Almaghrabi ◽  
Muhammad Amjad Ali ◽  
Adil Zahoor ◽  
Kausar Hussain Shah ◽  
Holger Bohlmann
Keyword(s):  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Schachtii ◽  
Beet Cyst Nematode

scholarly journals Effect of Winter Oilseed Rape Cropping on the Development of the Sugar Beet Cyst Nematode, Heterodera schachtii, and Control of Volunteer Plants as a Trap Crop Method

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 355
Author(s):  
Daub Matthias
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Schachtii ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Trap Crop ◽  
Beet Cyst Nematode

The integration of oilseed rape (OSR) into sugar beet rotation systems is restricted due to the very good host status of OSR for the beet cyst nematode (BCN) Heterodera schachtii. In contrast to sugar beet, the cultivation of winter OSR covers a longer period, but at a lower soil temperature regime. Thus, presumably one or two generations of BCN may develop during the cultivation of winter OSR, resulting in moderate multiplication rates of 1–2 in the present study. This multiplication rate was year-dependent, but not affected by different sowing times. For the first time, the present study identified volunteer OSR emerging in high densities post-harvest as a major risk for a high multiplication of BCN at optimum temperatures. The emergence of BCN females with offspring was observed very early, resulting in a significant population increase before 350-degree days (>8 °C) in inoculation experiments and in field investigations. Conducting treatment trials with glyphosate to control volunteer OSR in micro-plots and field experiments confirmed effective suppression of BCN reproduction when growth of volunteer OSR was interrupted at 250–350-degree days. Thus, data gained from BCN reproduction studies under controlled and field conditions provided a unique basis for the development of a trap crop method. The degree day model has been successfully implemented as part of an open access management tool.

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