scholarly journals Changes of total water and sucrose space accompanying induced ion uptake or phosphate swelling of rat liver mitochondria

1968 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 759-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
E J Harris ◽  
K. Van Dam
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Tritiated Water ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Scattering Method ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Cation Uptake ◽  
High K ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
Phosphate Addition

1. Total water exchangeable with tritiated water and sucrose space were measured in rat liver mitochondria during the uptake of K+ induced by valinomycin and the release caused by nigericin. The K+ content and the sucrose-inaccessible water rose and fell together. 2. Swelling resulting from phosphate addition in a medium of high K+ concentration was associated mainly with increased sucrose-accessible water, which carried dissolved K+. This change was reversed by addition of ATP. 3. The response of the sucrose-inaccessible space to changed osmolarity was qualitatively that expected if the mitochondrial K+ is assumed to be present in this space with a univalent anion. 4. It is brought out that the light-scattering method fails to distinguish between changes in sucrose space and in sucrose-inaccessible space, which in the present experiments could be altered respectively by phosphate (in high K+ solution) and by cation uptake induced by antibiotic.

scholarly journals Uptake and effects of copper in rat liver mitochondria

1976 ◽  
Vol 160 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
B N Zaba ◽  
E J Harris
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Prior Exposure ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
K Uptake ◽  
Initial Burst ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
Energy Dependent ◽  
Respiratory Stimulation

The rate and extent of Cu2+ uptake by rat liver mitochondria was measured under various conditions. 1. The uptake is both greater and faster without an energy supply. 2. The uptake, when occuring in ionic media, has a biphasic character, that is it always slows down after an initial burst, and then re-accelerates. 3. Uptake of Cu2+ in the presence of energy initiates K+ uptake from K+-containing media with accompanying swelling and respiratory stimulation. Depending on the amounts of Cu2+ added and the K+ concentration, an inhibition of respiration later ensues. 4. Chelation of the Cu2+ by substrates (notably glutamate) decreases the effects. 5. Prior exposure to Cu2+ decreases or prevents energy-dependent Ca2+ uptake.

Effect of α-tocopherol on passive monovalent cation uptake by rat liver mitochondria

1973 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-275
Author(s):  
J. Świerczyński ◽  
Z. Aleksandrowicz ◽  
L. Żelewski
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Monovalent Cation ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Cation Uptake

Chemical studies of high-Km aldehyde dehydrogenase from rat liver mitochondria

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 193-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Stan Tsai ◽  
David J. Senior
Keyword(s):  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase ◽  
Esterase Activity ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Coenzyme Binding ◽  
High K ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Ionizable Groups

Studies of pH-dependent kinetics implicate two ionizable groups in the dehydrogenase and esterase reactions catalysed by high-Km aldehyde dehydrogenase from rat liver mitochondria. Sensitized photooxidation completely arrests the bifunctional activities of the dehydrogenase. Carboxamidomethylation abolishes the dehydrogenase activity, whereas acetimidination eliminates the esterase activity. These results suggest that histidine (pKa near 6) and cysteine (pKa near 10) are likely the catalytic residues for the dehydrogenase activity, while the esterase activity is functionally related to histidine (pKa near 7) and a residue with the pKa value of 10–11. The two residues, a carboxyl group and an arginine, that discriminate between NAD+ and NADP+ are present at the coenzyme binding site of the mitochondrial high-Km aldehyde dehydrogenase from rat liver.Key words: aldehyde dehydrogenase, rat liver, mitochondria, esterase.

Effects of 5-5'-Diphenyl-2-thiohydantoin (DPTH) and Thyroxine on the Ultrastructure and Chemical Composition of Rat Liver

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 570-571
Author(s):  
E. A. Elfont ◽  
R. B. Tobin ◽  
D. G. Colton ◽  
M. A. Mehlman
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Future Study ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Effective Inhibitor ◽  
Biochemical Effects ◽  
Glycerophosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Stimulation Of

Summary5,-5'-diphenyl-2-thiohydantoin (DPTH) is an effective inhibitor of thyroxine (T4) stimulation of α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in rat liver mitochondria. Because this finding indicated a possible tool for future study of the mode of action of thyroxine, the ultrastructural and biochemical effects of DPTH and/or thyroxine on rat liver mere investigated.Rats were fed either standard or DPTH (0.06%) diet for 30 days before T4 (250 ug/kg/day) was injected. Injection of T4 occurred daily for 10 days prior to sacrifice. After removal of the liver and kidneys, part of the tissue was frozen at -50°C for later biocheailcal analyses, while the rest was prefixed in buffered 3.5X glutaraldehyde (390 mOs) and post-fixed in buffered 1Z OsO4 (376 mOs). Tissues were embedded in Araldlte 502 and the sections examined in a Zeiss EM 9S.Hepatocytes from hyperthyroid rats (Fig. 2) demonstrated enlarged and more numerous mitochondria than those of controls (Fig. 1). Glycogen was almost totally absent from the cytoplasm of the T4-treated rats.

Energy and Antioxidant Status of Rat Liver Mitochondria during Hypoxia- Reoxygenation of Different Duration

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-361
Author(s):  
Olga A. Gonchar ◽  
Valentina I. Nosar ◽  
Larisa. V. Bratus ◽  
I. N. Tymchenko ◽  
N. N. Steshenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Hypoxia Reoxygenation
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