scholarly journals Biliary excretion of [14C]succinylsulphathiazole in the rat and rabbit

1967 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 1295-1299 ◽  
Author(s):  
M M Abou-el-Makarem ◽  
P Millburn ◽  
R L Smith
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Biliary Excretion ◽  
Concentration Gradient ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Simultaneous Administration ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Two Factors

1. After intravenous injection about 30% of the dose (20mg./kg.) of succinylsulphathiazole is excreted unchanged in the bile in 3hr. by the rat, whereas only about 1% is excreted by the rabbit. When the renal pedicles are ligated the biliary excretion of succinylsulphathiazole in the rat increases to about 80% of the dose, but in the rabbit under these conditions the biliary excretion is only 2% of the dose. 2. In the rat, the sulphonamide readily enters the liver and biliary excretion occurs against a concentration gradient from liver to bile; further, the excretory process can be saturated, and can be depressed by the simultaneous administration of phenolphthalein glucuronide or bile salts. 3. In the rabbit, these conditions have not been found; succinylsulphathiazole does not readily enter the liver from the plasma, there is no transfer of the drug from the liver cells to the bile against a concentration gradient, and no saturation or depression of the biliary excretion of succinylsulphathiazole is found. 4. It is suggested that two factors responsible, at least partly, for the low biliary excretion of succinylsulphathiazole in the rabbit are the poor entry of the sulphonamide into the liver in this species and a deficiency of the concentrative mechanism for its excretion in the bile.

Effect of bile salts on the biliary excretion of glycodihydrofusidate in the rat

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
J. C. Montet ◽  
A. Gerolami
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Biliary Excretion ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Hepatic Transport ◽  
Structural Analogue ◽  
Biliary Elimination ◽  
Bile Fistula ◽  
Bolus Intravenous Injection ◽  
Continuous Perfusion

The biliary elimination of glycodihydrofusidate (GDHF), a structural analogue of bile salts, was studied in bile fistula rats. GDHF was excreted in bile with a maximal excretory rate (Tm = 0.80 μmol min−1 kg−1) which is much lower than bile salts Tm. The effects of dehydrocholate and taurocholate on GDHF biliary secretion suggest a stimulatory effect of bile salts on canalicular excretion of the drug.(a) When a bolus intravenous injection of 3 μmol of GDHF was followed after 2 min by a continuous dehydrocholate perfusion (10 μmol min−1 kg−1), biliary excretion of GDHF was increased in comparison with control rats.(b) Upon attaining the biliary Tm by continuous perfusion of GDHF at a rate of 1.35 μmol min−1 kg−1, infusion with either taurocholate or dehydrocholate increased its Tm to a similar degree.These results are similar to those previously obtained with the effects of bile salt infusions on the Tm of bromosulfophthalein. They suggest therefore that hepatic transport of GDHF and bile salts occurs by routes which are distinct for canalicular transport in spite of the striking structural similarities between GDHF and bile salts.

Relationship of Bile Salts and Bile Flow to Biliary Excretion of Iopanoic Acid

1972 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Albert A. Moss ◽  
John R. Amberg ◽  
Scott R. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Biliary Excretion ◽  
Bile Flow ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Iopanoic Acid ◽  
Relationship Of

In vitro absorption of bile salts by small intestine of rats and guinea pigs

1961 ◽  
Vol 200 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Lack ◽  
I. M. Weiner
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Active Transport ◽  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Concentration Gradient ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Ileal Segment

The transport of taurocholic and glycocholic acids by the small intestine of rats and guinea pigs against a concentration gradient was studied by the everted gutsac technique. Transport of these substances is limited to the distal ileal segment. This transport is inhibited by anoxia, dinitrophenol and sodium azide. The system has a transport maximum. On the basis of these criteria bile acid reabsorption is considered to occur by active transport.

Transhepatic absorption and biliary excretion of insulin

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 1982-1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Zingg ◽  
Aron M. Rappaport ◽  
Bernard S. Leibel
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Administration ◽  
Biliary Excretion ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Insulin Concentration ◽  
Secretory Process ◽  
Insulin Administration ◽  
Hepatic Cells ◽  
Liver Surface

The application of insulin to the liver in rats is followed by an increase of the insulin concentration in the bile. The pathway of insulin from the liver surface to the bile may include a secretory process by the hepatic cells, or it may bypass the hepatic cells, using direct anatomical pathways from blood and lymph to bile. The concentration of insulin in arterial and venous blood, in lymph, and in bile was measured following application of insulin to the liver surface and following peritoneal or intravenous administration. The results confirm that insulin is absorbed from the surface of the liver, but the glucose modulating effect was less effective than after intravenous administration. The insulin concentration in bile was increased after insulin administration by all routes, with the highest and most prolonged increases found after intraperitoneal administration. The results suggest that following transhepatic and intravenous administration, insulin reaches the bile without passing through the liver cells.

scholarly journals Lactic acid level as an outcome predictor in pediatric patients with intussusception in the emergency department

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Yong Lee ◽  
Young-Hoon Byun ◽  
Jun-Sung Park ◽  
Jong Seung Lee ◽  
Jeong-Min Ryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Lactic Acid Level ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Blood Gas Analyses ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Abstract Background: Intussusception decreases blood flow to the bowel, and tissue hypoperfusion results in increased lactic acid levels. We aimed to determine whether lactic acid levels are associated with pediatric intussusception outcomes. Methods: The electronic medical records of our emergency department pediatric patients diagnosed with intussusception, between January 2015 and October 2018, were reviewed. An outcome was considered poor when intussusception recurred within 48 hours of reduction or when surgical reduction was required due to air enema failure. Results: A total of 249 patients were included in the study, including 39 who experienced intussusception recurrence and 11 who required surgical reductions; hence, 50 patients were included in the poor outcome group. The poor and good outcome groups showed significant differences in their respective blood gas analyses for pH (7.39 vs. 7.41, P = .001), lactic acid (1.70 vs. 1.30 mmol/L, P < .001), and bicarbonate (20.70 vs. 21.80 mmol/L, P = .036). Multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that pH and lactic acid levels were the two factors significantly associated with poor outcomes. When the lactic acid level cutoff values were ≥1.5, ≥2.0, ≥2.5, and ≥3.0 mmol/L, the positive predictive values for poor outcomes were 30.0%, 34.6%, 50.0%, and 88.9%, respectively. Conclusion: Lactic acid levels affect outcomes in pediatric patients with intussusception; higher lactic acid levels are associated with higher positive predictive values for poor outcomes.

Disappearance of 125I-Labelled and Unlabelled Insulins from Blood in Normal and Injured Rats

1976 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-392
Author(s):  
K. N. Frayn
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Bovine Insulin ◽  
Simultaneous Administration ◽  
Bilateral Nephrectomy ◽  
Single Intravenous Injection ◽  
Ether Anaesthesia ◽  
Scald Injury ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
Native Insulin

1. The disappearance from blood of either 125I-labelled bovine insulin or unlabelled rat insulin after a single intravenous injection has been studied in rats. 2. The disappearance of the labelled insulin was slower than that of native insulin. 3. Ether anaesthesia produced a significant impairment, and bilateral nephrectomy a very marked impairment, of disappearance of the labelled insulin, suggesting that changes in the removal of this tracer may nevertheless parallel changes in the metabolism of native insulin. 4. Simultaneous intravenous injection of unlabelled bovine insulin (1 unit/kg) did not affect disappearance of the labelled insulin. 5. A 20% full-thickness scald injury, produced 2 h previously, had no significant effect on disappearance of the labelled insulin, either with or without the simultaneous administration of unlabelled bovine insulin. 6. The disappearance of unlabelled rat insulin from plasma was also similar in control and scalded rats. 7. It was concluded that the half-life of plasma insulin in the rat, as estimated by either of the techniques used, is not significantly affected by this severe non-haemorrhagic injury.

Tauroursodeoxycholate prevents biliary protein excretion induced by other bile salts in the rat

1985 ◽  
Vol 248 (4) ◽  
pp. G407-G417 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kitani ◽  
M. Ohta ◽  
S. Kanai
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Biliary Excretion ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Pentobarbital Sodium ◽  
Protein Excretion ◽  
Anesthetized Rats ◽  
Preventive Effects

Biliary excretion of various proteins (5'-nucleotidase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and albumin) was investigated in pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized rats infused with different bile salts [taurocholate (TC), taurochenodeoxycholate (TCDC), and tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDC)]. A TCDC infusion at 0.4 mumol . min-1 . 100 g body wt-1 caused much higher increases in the biliary excretion of these proteins compared with the respective values in rats that received an infusion of TC at a threefold higher rate (1.2 mumol . min-1 . 100 g body wt-1). In contrast, a TUDC infusion at 1.8 mumol . min-1 . 100 g body wt-1 showed the minimum effect on these protein leakages. A combined infusion of TCDC (0.4 mumol . min-1 . 100 g-1) and TUDC (0.6 mumol . min-1 . 100 g-1) resulted in drastic (8- to 20-fold) decreases in excretion of these enzymes and albumin compared with respective values in rats infused with TCDC alone. Similar preventive effects were observed with the addition of TUDC to the infusion of TC (1.2 mumol . min-1 . 100 g-1). These results suggest that the hepatic cytotoxic effects of TC and TCDC can be prevented by the simultaneous infusion of TUDC in rats.

Rate of depressive episode in Peruvian oncologic outpatients.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e12043-e12043
Author(s):  
Luis Furuya ◽  
Erick Infanzon ◽  
Diego Venegas
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Financial Status ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Transversal Study

e12043 Background: Depression in Lima, Peru has a prevalence rate of 6.7% and lifetime prevalence of 19%. The relationship between depression and cancer has been widely studied, affects approximately 15% to 25% of cancer patients. However, there is little research in latin population. We report the results of evaluate the frequency of depressive disorder in Peruvian oncologic outpatients and describe clinical and epidemiological features Methods: A descriptive transversal study was performed to 70 patients that attended to oncology clinic at the Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia. Data was collected through a survey that included a clinical demographic record and the spanish version – ICD 10 of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for the diagnosis of depressive episode. Results: The 52% of the participants were females. The mean age was 57 years (18- 83 y) Breast cancer (21%) and lymphoma non Hodgkin (21%) were the most common types of cancer. The mean period from diagnosis was 5 month. The frequency of depressive episode was 21.4%. The 33.3% of women with breast cancer had depression, while patients with NHL had only 13.3% of frequency. We founded two factors with statistically significant association: poor financial status (p =0.041) and advance clinical stages (III and IV) (p = 0.026; OR: 6.8) Conclusions: The frequency of depressive episode was similar to other reports in the literature, the poor financial status and advanced stage are most associated with depression in our population

Acute infusions of bile salts increase biliary excretion of iron in iron-loaded rats

1991 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 1673-1679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Lévy ◽  
Micheline Dumont ◽  
Pierre Brissot ◽  
André Letreut ◽  
Alain Favier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biliary Excretion ◽  
Bile Salts
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document