scholarly journals Influence of some mononucleotides and their corresponding nucleosides on the metabolism of carbohydrates in the isolated rat diaphragm muscle

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 565-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Beloff-Chain ◽  
P Betto ◽  
W Bleszynski ◽  
R Catanzaro ◽  
EB Chain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Diaphragm Muscle ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Rat Diaphragm ◽  
Oxidation Of Glucose ◽  
Isolated Rat

1. The influence of ATP on glucose metabolism was studied in the isolated rat diaphragm; it was shown that ATP increases the oxidation of glucose and the aerobic conversion of glucose into lactate, whereas it decreases glycogen synthesis. There was no influence of ATP on the anaerobic formation of lactate from glucose. 2. A maximum effect of ATP on the oxidation of glucose (about 160% increase) was obtained in the presence of 10mm-ATP; in the presence of 2mm-ATP the effect was about 65%, and was approximately constant from 10 to 90min. incubation period. 3. In a phosphate-free tris-buffered medium the oxidation of glucose was considerably decreased, but the percentage stimulation by ATP was about the same as in a phosphate-buffered medium. 4. ATP was shown to increase the oxidation of fructose, glucose 6-phosphate, glucose 1-phosphate, fructose 1,6-diphosphate and, to a much smaller extent, pyruvate. 5. ADP stimulated the oxidation of glucose to the same extent as ATP at a concentration of 2mm and the effect with AMP was only slightly less; IMP and adenosine had only a small stimulatory effect at this concentration, whereas inosine had no effect.

THE INFLUENCE OF POTASSIUM ION UPON GLUCOSE UPTAKE AND GLYCOGEN SYNTHESIS IN THE ISOLATED RAT DIAPHRAGM

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 687-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Potassium Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Rat Diaphragm ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Glycogen Breakdown ◽  
Isolated Rat

The amounts of glucose taken from a medium, and the amounts of glycogen synthesized, by rat hemidiaphragms were studied under various conditions. High concentrations of potassium ion inhibited the glucose uptake and there was also a reduced net glycogen synthesis. Glycogen breakdown was probably not increased by high potassium ion concentration. The effect of potassium was most marked when conditions were such that one would ordinarily expect a considerable glucose uptake or glycogen synthesis. The action of insulin was not peculiarly susceptible to potassium ion inhibition.

Serum factor in fasted rats inhibiting carbohydrate metabolism in the isolated diaphragm

1960 ◽  
Vol 198 (5) ◽  
pp. 1075-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Berman ◽  
E. Wertheimer
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Rat Diaphragm ◽  
Serum Factor ◽  
Inhibitory Factors ◽  
Fasted Rats ◽  
Isolated Rat

A factor has been found in the serum of fasted rats which inhibits glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in the isolated rat diaphragm. It does not affect CO2 production or O2 uptake. It is nondialyzable, stable in the cold and also stable when heated to 58°C for 1 hour. It was found in Cohn fraction IV-V. Its action did not resemble any of the known hormones, nor could it be identified as one of the inhibitory factors found in diabetic serum.

scholarly journals The influence of insulin and of contraction on glucose metabolism in the perfused diaphragm muscle from normal and streptozotocin-treated rats

1971 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Beloff-Chain ◽  
E. B. Chain ◽  
K. A. Rookledge
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Diaphragm Muscle ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Contracting Muscle ◽  
Hexose Phosphate ◽  
Muscle Formation ◽  
Resting Muscle

1. The metabolism of [U-14C]glucose in perfused resting and contracting diaphragm muscle from normal rats and rats made diabetic with streptozotocin was studied in the presence and absence of insulin. 2. The incorporation of [U-14C]-glucose into glycogen and oligosaccharides was stimulated by insulin under all experimental conditions studied. 3. In the normal perfused resting diaphragm muscle the incorporation of radioactivity from [14C]glucose into lactate and CO2 was not affected by insulin. 4. Periodic contractions, induced by electrical stimulation of the perfused diaphragm muscle in the absence of insulin, caused an increased incorporation of 14C into glycogen and hexose phosphate esters, whereas incorporation of 14C into lactate was greatly decreased. Production of 14CO2 in the contracting muscle was not significantly different from that in resting muscle. Addition of insulin to the perfusion liquid caused a further increase in formation of [14C]-glycogen in contracting muscle to values reached in the resting muscle in the presence of insulin. Formation of [14C]lactate was also stimulated by insulin, to values close to those found in the resting muscle in the presence of insulin. 5. In the diabetic resting muscle the rate of glucose metabolism was very low in the absence of insulin. Insulin increased formation of [14C]glycogen to the value found in normal muscle in the absence of insulin. Production of 14CO2 and formation of [14C]hexose phosphate remained unchanged. 6. In the diabetic contracting muscle production of 14CO2 was increased to values approaching those found in normal contracting muscle. Formation of [14C]lactate and [14C]glycogen was also increased by contraction, to normal values. Only traces of [14C]hexose phosphate were detectable. Addition of insulin to the perfusion medium stimulated formation of [14C]glycogen, to values found in normal contracting muscle. Production of [14C]hexose phosphate was stimulated by insulin, to approximately the values found in the normal contracting muscle. Production of 14CO2 and [14C]lactate, however, was not significantly affected by insulin. 7. These results indicate that the defects of glucose metabolism observed in perfused resting diabetic diaphragm muscle can be partially corrected by contraction, and in the presence of insulin the contracting diabetic muscle has a completely normal pattern of glycogen synthesis and lactate production, but CO2 production remains impaired.

Effects of monovalent cations and insulin on glucose metabolism of the isolated rat diaphragm

1973 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1023-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ella S. Haugaard ◽  
Elaine Serlick ◽  
Niels Haugaard
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Monovalent Cations ◽  
Rat Diaphragm ◽  
Isolated Rat

The acute effect of trimetazidine on the high frequency fatigue in the isolated Rat diaphragm muscle

2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 646-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Emre ◽  
Ibrahim Karayaylali ◽  
Mustafa San ◽  
Ayşe Demirkazik ◽  
Servet Kavak
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Diaphragm Muscle ◽  
Rat Diaphragm ◽  
Isolated Rat

scholarly journals The influence of insulin on the metabolism of glucosamine in the isolated rat diaphragm muscle

1970 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Beloff-Chain ◽  
E. B. Chain ◽  
K. A. Rookledge
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Esters ◽  
Diaphragm Muscle ◽  
Rat Diaphragm ◽  
Normal Muscle ◽  
Isolated Rat

1. The influence of insulin on the metabolism of [1-14C]glucosamine by diaphragm muscle from normal rats and rats rendered diabetic with streptozotocin has been studied. 2. The glucosamine was converted into glucosamine 1-phosphate, glucosamine 6-phosphate, glycogen, lactate and small amounts of other unidentified intermediates. 3. Insulin increased the incorporation of 14C into glycogen in both the normal and diabetic muscle, but did not increase the formation of the glucosamine phosphate esters. 4. The 14C content in the glycogen was present partly as glucose and partly as glucosamine; there was significantly more [14C]glucose in the glycogen of the diabetic muscle than in that of the normal muscle.

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