scholarly journals Nitrogenous compounds and nitrogen metabolism in the Liliaceae. 6. Changes in nitrogenous composition during the growth of Convallaria and Polygonatum*

1959 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Fowden
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Nitrogenous Compounds

Nitrogen metabolism of Picea glauca. I. Seasonal changes of free amino acids in buds, shoot apices, and leaves, and the metabolism of uniformly labelled 14C-L-arginine by buds during the onset of dormancy

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 909-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Durzan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Soluble Nitrogen ◽  
Shoot Apices ◽  
Nitrogenous Compounds ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Metabolism

Buds, shoot apices, and leaves from terminal shoots of white spruce saplings accumulated high levels of alcohol-soluble nitrogen in spring, late summer, and early winter. Major components, e.g. arginine, glutamine and proline, of the soluble nitrogen showed patterns complementary to each other. These changes represented the storage and mobilization of nitrogenous compounds during the onset of dormancy or the growth of shoots. Leaves contained less total soluble nitrogen than buds or shoot apices. Soluble nitrogen and arginine content of leaves resembled buds in their seasonal patterns but changes in aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and alanine were much greater than in buds, especially in late summer.When the first frost appeared, uniformly labelled 14C-arginine, applied to the apices of buds, readily entered newly synthesized protein, and free arginine was converted to proline via ornithine. Proline with carbon derived from arginine also entered proteins that were metabolized at different rates. A fraction of the proline in protein was hydroxylated to hydroxyproline. Although traces of 14C-citrulline were detected, more carbon was metabolized to free guanidino compounds, e.g. α-keto-δ-guanidinovaleric acid, γ-guanidinobutyric acid, and several monosubstituted guanidines. After 24 hours, labelled arginine, proline, and γ-guanidinobutyric acid moved down the shoot to the leaves. These metabolic changes in buds show that many of the seasonal changes in amino acids are intimately related to the carbon and nitrogen metabolism of arginine.

Nitrogenous Compounds and Nitrogen Metabolism in the Liliaceae

1957 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. ZACHARIUS ◽  
H. M. CATHEY ◽  
F. C. STEWARD
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Nitrogenous Compounds

Distinct physiological and transcriptional responses of leaves of paper mulberry (Broussonetia kazinoki × B. papyrifera) under different nitrogen supply levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 667-682
Author(s):  
Jianwei Ni ◽  
Shang Su ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Yonghang Geng ◽  
Houjun Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Sugar Metabolism ◽  
Glutamate Synthase ◽  
Amino Sugar ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Inorganic Pyrophosphatase ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Nitrogenous Compounds ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations

Abstract Paper mulberry, a vigorous pioneer species used for ecological reclamation and a high-protein forage plant for economic development, has been widely planted in China. To further develop its potential value, it is necessary to explore the regulatory mechanism of nitrogen metabolism for rational nitrogen utilization. In this study, we investigated the morphology, physiology and transcriptome of a paper mulberry hybrid (Broussonetia kazinoki × B. papyrifera) in response to different nitrogen concentrations. Moderate nitrogen promoted plant growth and biomass accumulation. Photosynthetic characteristics, concentration of nitrogenous compounds and activities of enzymes were stimulated under nitrogen treatment. However, these enhancements were slightly or severely inhibited under excessive nitrogen supply. Nitrite reductase and glutamate synthase were more sensitive than nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase and more likely to be inhibited under high nitrogen concentrations. Transcriptome analysis of the leaf transcriptome identified 161,961 unigenes. The differentially expressed genes associated with metabolism of nitrogen, alanine, aspartate, glutamate and glycerophospholipid showed high transcript abundances after nitrogen application, whereas those associated with glycerophospholipid, glycerolipid, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism were down-regulated. Combined with weighted gene coexpression network analysis, we uncovered 16 modules according to similarity in expression patterns. Asparagine synthetase and inorganic pyrophosphatase were considered two hub genes in two modules, which were associated with nitrogen metabolism and phosphorus metabolism, respectively. The expression characteristics of these genes may explain the regulation of morphological, physiological and other related metabolic strategies harmoniously. This multifaceted study provides valuable insights to further understand the mechanism of nitrogen metabolism and to guide utilization of paper mulberry.

scholarly journals Nitrogen metabolism and microbial production of dairy cows fed sugarcane and nitrogen compounds

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geógenes da Silva Gonçalves ◽  
Marcio dos Santos Pedreira ◽  
Mara Lúcia Albuquerque Pereira ◽  
Dimas Oliveira Santos ◽  
Dicastro Dias de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Total N ◽  
Nitrogenous Compounds ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Microbial Nitrogen ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dairy cow diets containing two different sources of urea on nitrogen metabolism and microbial synthesis. Eight crossbred cows were confined and distributed in two 4x4 Latin: FS - soybean meal (control), conventional urea (UC) 100%; ULL 44 UC = 56% / 44% ULL, ULL 88 UC = 12% / 88% ULL. Diets were offered to animals during 21 days with 14 days of adaptation. The N intake, retained nitrogen balance, nitrogen excretion in milk, urine, feces and total N excretion were similar and presented averages of 340.27g/day, 136.73g/day, 43.25g/day, 53.17g/day, 103.54g/day, and 199.96g/day, respectively. The percentages of urine and total nitrogen excretion were 16.24 and 60.71 (%), respectively. Ureic nitrogen in milk, urine and blood were 3.95mg/dL, 4.32mg/dl and 23.73mg/dL, respectively. The results found for the excretion of purine derivatives, allantoin, absorbable purines, microbial nitrogen, microbial protein and the relationship between microbial protein and digestible nutrients were 321.68mmol/day, 296.35mmol/day, 334.61mmol/day, 210.6g/day, 1316.27g/day, and 127.36g/kg, respectively. The partial replacement of soybean meal by conventional urea and / or urea encapsulated in feeding lactating cows yielded similar results in nitrogenous compounds, the concentrations of nitrogen from urine and milk and microbial protein synthesis.

scholarly journals 403 Promotion of Germination and Seedling Development of Lima Beans (Phaseolus spp.) by Nickel Chloride

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 513C-513
Author(s):  
Cyril E. Broderick
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Lima Bean ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Nickel Chloride ◽  
The United States ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Nitrogenous Compounds ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Lima Beans

Delaware is among the largest producers of lima beans in the United States, having more than 10,000 acres in this crop. The plants are raised from seeds, but seeds are notably prone to injury during handling. The seed has little or no endosperm and relies on reserve food materials in the cotyledons. Lima beans are legumes, and the seeds store nitrogenous compounds. Nickel is implicated in nitrogen metabolism, and nickel is now implicated as an essential mineral nutrient element. With the variable rate of germination of lima bean seeds, our objective was set to determine the effect of nickel on seedling development of the lima bean plant. Lima bean seeds were soaked for various periods in 10 solutions from 0 to 500 ppm nickel chloride. Soaking for 1 h in 100 ppm nickel chloride solution was determined to be the best treatment. The 100 ppm treatment then became the standard treatment for lima bean seeds. Hence, seeds were treated with distilled water of the 100 ppm nickel chloride. The results are that the nickel chloride significantly improved the rate of germination of lima bean seeds. Germination rates were improved from 60% ± 5% to 76% ± 3%. The total effect of treatments with nickel chloride varied from one batch of seeds to another; however, promotion of germiantion was significant. Osmoregulation and seed priming as well as stimulation of nitrogen metabolism by nickel are possible explanations of the positive effects of nickel chloride.

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