scholarly journals Structure in relation to chromic oxidation of nitrogenous substances

1936 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1026-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cadambi Narasimha Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogenous Substances ◽  
Chromic Oxidation

Biological Processing of Pea Grain and Secondary Starch Raw Materials to Produce Food and Feed Protein Concentrates

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
V.V. Kolpakova ◽  
R.V. Ulanova ◽  
L.V. Chumikina ◽  
V.V. Bessonov
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Geotrichum Candidum ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Protein Concentrates ◽  
Pea Flour ◽  
Nitrogenous Substances

The goal of the study was to develop a biotechnological process for the production of protein concentrates via bioconversion of pea flour and whey, a secondary product of starch manufacture. Standard and special methods were used to analyze the chemical and biochemical composition of protein concentrates (amino acid, carbohydrate, and fractional) of flour, whey and protein concentrates. It was established that pea flour contains 52.28-57.05% water-soluble nitrogenous substances, 23.04-25.50% salt-soluble, 2.94-4.69% alcohol-soluble compounds, 0-0.61% of soluble glutenine, 6.67-10.40% alkali-soluble glutenine and 5.96-10.86% insoluble sclerotic substances. A mathematical model and optimal parameters of the enzymatic extraction of pea protein with a yield of 65-70% were developed. Ultrasonic exposure increased the yield of nitrogenous substances by 23.16 ± 0.69%, compared with the control without ultrasound. The protein concentrate had a mass fraction of nitrogenous substances of 72.48 ± 0.41% (Nx6.25) and a complete amino acid composition. The microbial conversion by the Saccharomyces cerevisiae 121 and Geotrichum candidum 977 cultures of starch whey which remained after protein precipitation allowed us to obtain feed concentrates from biomass and culture liquid with a protein mass fraction of 61.68-70.48% (Nx6.25). Protein concentrates positively affected the vital signs of rats and their excretory products. A technological scheme was developed to test the complex pea grain and starch whey processing under pilot conditions. pea, protein concentrate, extracts, whey, bioconversion, Geotrichum candidum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, chemical composition, amino acid composition

scholarly journals Applying EFDC Explorer model in the Gallinas River, Mexico to estimate its assimilation capacity for water quality protection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Villota-López ◽  
Clemente Rodríguez-Cuevas ◽  
Franklin Torres-Bejarano ◽  
Rodolfo Cisneros-Pérez ◽  
Rodolfo Cisneros-Almazán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Nitrogenous Substances ◽  
Efficient Recovery ◽  
Assimilation Capacity

AbstractSanitary and industrial wastewater discharged into rivers, is a general problem that occurs in most of the world and Mexico is not the exception, the main goal of this research is to determine based on simulations of pollutants concentrations, the assimilation capacity of the Gallinas River against discharges of agricultural and industrial wastewater from the cultivation and processing of sugar cane under two different hypothetical simulation scenarios, based on reproducing two well know scenarios. In sugarcane cultivation, large quantities of fertilizers are used whose main active components are based on nitrogen or phosphorus compounds, therefore, the wastewater resulting from sugarcane processing contains a high organic content from 20 to 40% of inorganic compounds, such as nitrogenous substances, organic acids, and phosphorous sulfates. For this reason, the physical–chemical variables of interest analyzed in this work are the PO$$_4$$ 4 (phosphate), NO$$_3$$ 3 (nitrate), and DO (dissolved oxygen). With the simulation results according to each scenery, it can be determined, that despite the continuous discharge of polluting elements, the Gallinas River has a good assimilation capacity thanks to reaeration processes that permit efficient recovery of the dissolved oxygen in the water column. Gallinas River is located in the region known as the Huasteca Potosina, this investigation is relevant for the region due to the River is of vital importance being the main tributary that allows socioeconomic development activities in this zone. To carry out the simulations, was used the Explorer Modeling System 8.4 (EFCD) model and was performed two samplings campaign along 15 km in the water body to calibrate the numerical model to represent the dry and wet seasons during May and September respectively named as calibration scenarios.

On the Nutrition and metabolism of zooplankton IV. The forms of nitrogen excreted By Calanus

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. S. Corner ◽  
B. S. Newell
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Positive Reaction ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Long Island Sound ◽  
Acartia Tonsa ◽  
Nitrogenous Compounds ◽  
Nitrogenous Substances ◽  
Experimental Density ◽  
Island Sound ◽  
Calanus Helgolandicus

A study has been made of the nitrogenous compounds excreted by Calanus helgolandicus (Claus) collected at Plymouth.Most of the excreted nitrogen is in the form of ammonia which accounts for 60–100% (average 74.3%) of the total, and some of the remainder may be lost as urea. There is no evidence for the excretion of measurable amounts of amino acids.Whether the animals are starved or fed they are primarily ammonotelic, and the quantity of ammonia produced at 10° C (3.33 μg/g. dry body wt/day) is not significantly changed when the animals are used at an abnormally high experimental density. This latter condition does, however, lead to the production of large quantities of additional nitrogenous substances that give a positive reaction with ninhydrin.IntroductionThe amounts of nitrogen excreted by zooplankton have been measured by several workers. Harris (1959) used the method of Riley (1953) to estimate the copious quantities of ammonia produced by animals (mainly Acartia tonsa and A. clausi) collected from Long Island Sound; Beers (1964), in laboratory experiments with the chaetognath Sagitta hispida, estimated the excreted ammonia by the procedure of Kruse & Mellon (1952); and Corner, Cowey & Marshall (1965) determined the ammonia excreted by Calanus helgolandicus and C. finmarchicus, using a ninhydrin technique described by Moore & Stein (1954). The methods employed by Harris and by Beers are specific for ammonia: that used by Corner et al. estimates nitrogenous substances (e.g. amino acids) in addition to ammonia, but certain tests were made which seemed to exclude the possibility that these substances contributed significantly to the nitrogen excreted by the animals.

Natural Vulcanization Accelerators in Hevea Latex

1948 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 853-859
Author(s):  
R. F. A. Altman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
The Other ◽  
Active Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Bases ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Decomposition Processes ◽  
Volatile Products ◽  
Nitrogenous Substances ◽  
The One

Abstract As numerous investigators have shown, some of the nonrubber components of Hevea latex have a decided accelerating action on the process of vulcanization. A survey of the literature on this subject points to the validity of certain general facts. 1. Among the nonrubber components of latex which have been investigated, certain nitrogenous bases appear to be most important for accelerating the rate of vulcanization. 2. These nitrogen bases apparently occur partly naturally in fresh latex, and partly as the result of putrefaction, heating, and other decomposition processes. 3. The nitrogen bases naturally present in fresh latex at later stages have been identified by Altman to be trigonelline, stachhydrine, betonicine, choline, methylamine, trimethylamine, and ammonia. These bases are markedly active in vulcanization, as will be seen in the section on experimental results. 4. The nitrogenous substances formed by the decomposition processes have only partly been identified, on the one hand as tetra- and pentamethylene diamine and some amino acids, on the other hand as alkaloids, proline, diamino acids, etc. 5. It has been generally accepted that these nitrogenous substances are derived from the proteins of the latex. 6. Decomposition appears to be connected with the formation of a considerable amount of acids. 7. The production of volatile nitrogen bases as a rule accompanies the decomposition processes. These volatile products have not been identified. 8. The active nitrogen bases, either already formed or derived from complex nitrogenous substances, seem to be soluble in water but only slightly soluble in acetone.

Simulation Research on Explosives Detection System Based on D-D Sealed Neutron Generator

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Dong Gao ◽  
De-Dong He ◽  
Ke Gong ◽  
Guang-Yu Shi ◽  
Si-Yuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Generator ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Prompt Gamma ◽  
Characteristic Peak ◽  
Simulation Research ◽  
International Protection ◽  
Nitrogenous Substances ◽  
Optimized Model ◽  
Gamma Neutron Activation ◽  
Maximum Dose Rate

Abstract A prompt gamma neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) system based on a deuterium-deuterium (D-D) sealed neutron generator was designed using the MOCA code for explosive detection. The system is mainly composed of four parts: D-D sealed neutron generator, moderator, shielding, and Lutetium Yttrium OxyorthoSilicate (LYSO) scintillation detectors. Polyethylene (PE) was selected as the moderator and the optimal thickness was 7cm. Lead, PE, and boron-containing polyethylene were used as shielding materials. In the optimized model, the LYSO detector is used to measure eighteen materials, such as wood, melamine, glucose, and nylon, and so on. Firstly, the nitrogen characteristic peak of 10.8 MeV was analyzed to determine whether the material contained nitrogen. Then, the ratio of characteristic peak counts of C/O and O/N were calculated to distinguish explosives from nitrogen containing materials. Finally, dinitrobenzene, nitroglycerin, TNT, and ammonium nitrate can be separated from nitrogenous substances by a discriminant algorithm. The final device can be used to detect the chemical composition of the threat substances, and the maximum dose rate of the system meets the limits of international protection standards.

Nonprotein Nitrogenous Substances

2018 ◽  
pp. 71-71
Author(s):  
Divya D’sa ◽  
Sowbhagya Lakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogenous Substances

5.2 Alternative Systems for Assessing the Nitrogen Value of Feeds for Ruminants

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 107-118
Author(s):  
J. L. Black ◽  
G. J. Faichney ◽  
D. E. Beever ◽  
B. R. Howarth
Keyword(s):  
Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Nitrogen Status ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
Alternative Systems ◽  
Nitrogenous Substances

Systems suitable for evaluating the nitrogen status of feeds for ruminants must consider (i) the requirements of the animal's tissues for nitrogenous substances, (ii) the amount and nature of the nitrogenous substances absorbed by the animal and (iii) the efficiency with which absorbed nitrogen is used for various body functions. Such systems must also include aspects of energy utilization because, in ruminants, both the tissue needs for nitrogen and the flow of protein to the intestines are affected by energy availability. Several systems which attempt to include all three considerations in more or less detail have recently been proposed (Burroughs, Nelson and Mertens, 1975; Satter and Roffler, 1975, 1977; Kaufmann, 1977; Jarrige, Journet and Vérité, 1978; Fox, Sniffen, Van Soest and Robinson, 1979; Agricultural Research Council (ARC), 1980; Chalupa, 1980).

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