The second virial coefficients of gases and mixtures. Part 2.—Mixtures of carbon dioxide with nitrogen, oxygen, carbon monoxide, argon and hydrogen

1956 ◽  
Vol 52 (0) ◽  
pp. 1310-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Cottrell ◽  
R. A. Hamilton ◽  
R. P. Taubinger
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Virial Coefficients ◽  
Second Virial Coefficients

Calculation of second virial coefficients for nitrogen and carbon monoxide

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 820-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Whitmore ◽  
D. A. Goodings
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Good Accuracy ◽  
Power Series Expansion ◽  
Virial Coefficients ◽  
Coulomb Repulsion ◽  
Intermolecular Potential ◽  
Potential Models ◽  
Second Virial Coefficients ◽  
Gaussian Integration ◽  
Anisotropic Part

The classical second virial coefficients B(T) for nitrogen and carbon monoxide have been calculated exactly as a function of temperature for three different realistic models of the intermolecular potential. The potential models, due to Kohin, Raich and Mills, and Raich and Gillis, differ mainly, but not solely, in the way in which they represent the short-range Coulomb repulsion between molecules. As this interaction depends on the molecules' shapes, it is highly anisotropic. To ensure good accuracy in the results for B(T) the angular and radial integrals were performed by suitable Gaussian integration methods.The contributions to B(T) of various anisotropic terms are considered, and a power series expansion in terms of the anisotropic part of the potential discussed. The calculated results are compared with experiments, and some general conclusions drawn.

The statistical mechanics of assemblies of axially symmetric molecules - II. Second virial coefficients

1954 ◽  
Vol 221 (1147) ◽  
pp. 508-516 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Force Field ◽  
Virial Coefficient ◽  
Second Virial Coefficient ◽  
Virial Coefficients ◽  
Intermolecular Potential ◽  
Crystal Data ◽  
Axially Symmetric ◽  
Second Virial Coefficients

A general theory of the second virial coefficient of axially symmetric molecules is developed, the directional part of the intermolecular field being treated as a perturbationon the central-force part. The method is applicable to any type of intermolecular potential, particular models of directional interaction being obtained by suitable choices of parameters. Simple expressions are given for the second virial coefficient due to several types of directional force. The theory is illustrated by some calculations on the force field of carbon dioxide and its relation to the second virial coefficient and crystal data. These indicate that there is strong quadrupole interaction between carbon dioxide molecules.

Thermal conductivities of organic vapours

1950 ◽  
Vol 200 (1061) ◽  
pp. 262-271 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Methyl Alcohol ◽  
Virial Coefficients ◽  
Second Virial Coefficients ◽  
Reversible Dimerization ◽  
Quantitative Explanation ◽  
Dimerization Process ◽  
Quantitative Treatment

The variation of thermal conductivity with pressure has been investigated for a number of organic vapours at pressures between 50 and 700 mm. and at temperatures of 25, 66 and 85° C. Acetaldehyde and acetonitrile show fairly large linear increases of thermal conductivity with rise in pressure, which diminish markedly as temperature rises. This is interpreted as being due to dimerization, and a quantitative treatment is given in terms of values of K p and ∆ H for the reversible dimerization process, which are derived from previous work on the second virial coefficients of these vapours. Ethyl chloride shows similar behaviour to a much smaller degree. Methyl alcohol and acetone show fairly large non-linear increases, which diminish at higher temperatures, and which are interpreted as being due to association to polymers higher than the dimer. Benzene, cyclohexane, n -hexane, chloroform and diethyl ether, together with air and carbon dioxide, all show comparatively small linear increases, which become larger as temperature rises. No satisfactory quantitative explanation was found for this effect, which appears to involve factors other than simple convection. Values of the absolute thermal conductivity, corrected to zero pressure, are given for all vapours investigated.

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