652. Hydrogen transfer. Part XVI. Dihydrides of nitrogenous heterocycles as hydrogen donors

1960 ◽  
pp. 3249 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Braude ◽  
J. Hannah ◽  
Reginald Linstead
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Transfer ◽  
Hydrogen Donors

scholarly journals Hydrogen Transfer Reactions of Carbonyls, Alkynes, and Alkenes with Noble Metals in the Presence of Alcohols/Ethers and Amines as Hydrogen Donors

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eszter Baráth
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Phase ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Hydrogen Transfer ◽  
Transfer Reactions ◽  
Hydrogen Donors ◽  
Stereoselective Reactions ◽  
Present Summary ◽  
Industrial Relevance ◽  
Hydrogen Transfer Reactions

Hydrogen transfer reactions have exceptional importance, due to their applicability in numerous synthetic pathways, with academic as well as industrial relevance. The most important transformations are, e.g., reduction, ring-closing, stereoselective reactions, and the synthesis of heterocycles. The present review provides insights into the hydrogen transfer reactions in the condensed phase in the presence of noble metals (Rh, Ru, Pd) as catalysts. Since the H-donor molecules (such as alcohols/ethers and amines (1°, 2°, 3°)) and the acceptor molecules (alkenes (C=C), alkynes (C≡C), and carbonyl (C=O) compounds) play a crucial role from mechanistic viewpoints, the present summary points out the key mechanistic differences with the interpretation of current contributions and the corresponding historical achievements as well.

Hydrogen-Transfer-Mediated N-Arylation of Naphthols Using Indolines as Hydrogen Donors

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 508-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuwen Chen ◽  
Zhihai Yang ◽  
Xuyan Chen ◽  
Wanyi Liang ◽  
Zhongzhi Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Transfer ◽  
Hydrogen Donors

Reduction of Carbonyl Compounds by Catalytic Hydrogen Transfer from 1,4-Butanediol

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 1823-1824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radovan Marčec
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal Complexes ◽  
Carbonyl Compounds ◽  
Hydrogen Transfer ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Secondary Alcohols ◽  
High Propensity ◽  
Hydrogen Donors ◽  
Hydrogenation Reactions ◽  
Catalytic Hydrogen ◽  
Potential Use

Hydrogen transfer from appropriate hydrogen donors to unsaturated substrates catalysed by transition metal complexes offers some advantages over hydrogenation with molecular hydrogen [1], These reactions have been carried out mainly with stoichiometric or excess amounts o f primary or secondary alcohols [2-7], hydroaromatic com pounds [8] and formic acid [9] as hydrogen donors.Although bis primary diols exhibit relatively high propensity for hydrogen donation [10, 11], little attention has been paid to the em ployment of these com pounds as the source of hydrogen in hydrogenation reactions. The aim of the present investigation was to examine the potential use of 1,4-butanediol as the source of hydrogen in the catalytic reduction of carbonyl com pounds, using ruthenium (II) complexes as homogeneous catalysts.

Effect of Niacin on Mitochondria of Allium Cepa Root Cells

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
M. Arif Hayat
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Hydrogen Transfer ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Critical Interest

Although it is recognized that niacin (pyridine-3-carboxylic acid), incorporated as the amide in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) or in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), is a cofactor in hydrogen transfer in numerous enzyme reactions in all organisms studied, virtually no information is available on the effect of this vitamin on a cell at the submicroscopic level. Since mitochondria act as sites for many hydrogen transfer processes, the possible response of mitochondria to niacin treatment is, therefore, of critical interest.Onion bulbs were placed on vials filled with double distilled water in the dark at 25°C. After two days the bulbs and newly developed root system were transferred to vials containing 0.1% niacin. Root tips were collected at ¼, ½, 1, 2, 4, and 8 hr. intervals after treatment. The tissues were fixed in glutaraldehyde-OsO4 as well as in 2% KMnO4 according to standard procedures. In both cases, the tissues were dehydrated in an acetone series and embedded in Reynolds' lead citrate for 3-10 minutes.

Cobalt/Lewis Acid Catalysis for Hydrocarbofunctionalization of Alkynes via Cooperative C–H Activation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Sheng Wang ◽  
Sabrina Monaco ◽  
Anh Ngoc Thai ◽  
Md. Shafiqur Rahman ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic System ◽  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Hydrogen Transfer ◽  
Acid Catalysis ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Site Selectivity ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Site Selective ◽  
First Time ◽  
Rate Limiting

A catalytic system comprised of a cobalt-diphosphine complex and a Lewis acid (LA) such as AlMe3 has been found to promote hydrocarbofunctionalization reactions of alkynes with Lewis basic and electron-deficient substrates such as formamides, pyridones, pyridines, and azole derivatives through site-selective C-H activation. Compared with known Ni/LA catalytic system for analogous transformations, the present catalytic system not only feature convenient set up using inexpensive and bench-stable precatalyst and ligand such as Co(acac)3 and 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane (dppp), but also display distinct site-selectivity toward C-H activation of pyridone and pyridine derivatives. In particular, a completely C4-selective alkenylation of pyridine has been achieved for the first time. Mechanistic stidies including DFT calculations on the Co/Al-catalyzed addition of formamide to alkyne have suggested that the reaction involves cleavage of the carbamoyl C-H bond as the rate-limiting step, which proceeds through a ligand-to-ligand hydrogen transfer (LLHT) mechanism leading to an alkyl(carbamoyl)cobalt intermediate.

Nanometer Scale Spectroscopic Visualization of Catalytic Sites During a Hydrogenation Reaction on a Pd/Au Bimetallic Catalyst

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
hao yin ◽  
Liqing Zheng ◽  
Wei Fang ◽  
Yin-Hung Lai ◽  
Nikolaus Porenta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Hydrogenation ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Hydrogen Transfer ◽  
Bimetallic Catalyst ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Hydrogenation Reaction ◽  
Boundary Density ◽  
Catalytic Sites ◽  
Powerful Analytical Tool ◽  
Tip Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

<p>Understanding the mechanism of catalytic hydrogenation at the local environment requires chemical and topographic information involving catalytic sites, active hydrogen species and their spatial distribution. Here, tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) was employed to study the catalytic hydrogenation of chloro-nitrobenzenethiol on a well-defined Pd(sub-monolayer)/Au(111) bimetallic catalyst (<i>p</i><sub>H2</sub>=1.5 bar, 298 K), where the surface topography and chemical fingerprint information were simultaneously mapped with nanoscale resolution (≈10 nm). TERS imaging of the surface after catalytic hydrogenation confirms that the reaction occurs beyond the location of Pd sites. The results demonstrate that hydrogen spillover accelerates hydrogenation at the Au sites within 20 nm from the bimetallic Pd/Au boundary. Density functional theory was used to elucidate the thermodynamics of interfacial hydrogen transfer. We demonstrate that TERS as a powerful analytical tool provides a unique approach to spatially investigate the local structure-reactivity relationship in catalysis.</p>

Nanometer Scale Spectroscopic Visualization of Catalytic Sites During a Hydrogenation Reaction on a Pd/Au Bimetallic Catalyst

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Yin ◽  
Liqing Zheng ◽  
Wei Fang ◽  
Yin-Hung Lai ◽  
Nikolaus Porenta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Hydrogenation ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Hydrogen Transfer ◽  
Bimetallic Catalyst ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Hydrogenation Reaction ◽  
Boundary Density ◽  
Catalytic Sites ◽  
Powerful Analytical Tool ◽  
Tip Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

<p>Understanding the mechanism of catalytic hydrogenation at the local environment requires chemical and topographic information involving catalytic sites, active hydrogen species and their spatial distribution. Here, tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) was employed to study the catalytic hydrogenation of chloro-nitrobenzenethiol on a well-defined Pd(sub-monolayer)/Au(111) bimetallic catalyst (<i>p</i><sub>H2</sub>=1.5 bar, 298 K), where the surface topography and chemical fingerprint information were simultaneously mapped with nanoscale resolution (≈10 nm). TERS imaging of the surface after catalytic hydrogenation confirms that the reaction occurs beyond the location of Pd sites. The results demonstrate that hydrogen spillover accelerates hydrogenation at the Au sites within 20 nm from the bimetallic Pd/Au boundary. Density functional theory was used to elucidate the thermodynamics of interfacial hydrogen transfer. We demonstrate that TERS as a powerful analytical tool provides a unique approach to spatially investigate the local structure-reactivity relationship in catalysis.</p>

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