Possible role of non-hydrogen-bonded units in the chemistry of liquid water

1993 ◽  
Vol 89 (14) ◽  
pp. 2417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas G. M. Pay ◽  
Martyn C. R. Symons
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Water ◽  
Hydrogen Bonded

scholarly journals The role of acid in the formation of hydrogen-bonded networks featuring 4,4′-dicarboxy-2,2′-bipyridine (H2dcbp): Synthesis, structural and magnetic characterisation of {[Cu(H2dcbp)Cl2]·H2O}2and [Cu(H2dcbp)(NO3)2(H2O)]

CrystEngComm ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eithne Tynan ◽  
Paul Jensen ◽  
Anthea C. Lees ◽  
Boujemaa Moubaraki ◽  
Keith S. Murray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonded

The role of electrode wettability in electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengran Li ◽  
Mohamed Nazmi Idros ◽  
Yuming Wu ◽  
Thomas Burdyny ◽  
Sahil Garg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Industrial Scale ◽  
High Current ◽  
Current Densities

The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2RR) requires access to ample gaseous CO2 and liquid water to fuel reactions at high current densities for industrial-scale. Substantial improvement of the CO2RR...

scholarly journals Role of effective atomic masses in memory function-based models for liquids: A simulation study of liquid water

2006 ◽  
Vol 125 (23) ◽  
pp. 236102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vania Calandrini ◽  
Godehard Sutmann ◽  
Antonio Deriu ◽  
Gerald R. Kneller
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Study ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Atomic Masses

Predicting Liquid Water Saturation Through Differently Structured Cathode Gas Diffusion Media of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Akhtar ◽  
P. J. A. M. Kerkhof
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Catalyst Layer ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Diffusion Media ◽  
Exchange Membrane

The role of gas diffusion media with differently structured properties have been examined with emphasis on the liquid water saturation within the cathode of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The cathode electrode consists of a gas diffusion layer (GDL), a micro-porous layer and a catalyst layer (CL). The liquid water saturation profiles have been calculated for varying structural and physical properties, i.e., porosity, permeability, thickness and contact angle for each of these layers. It has been observed that each layer has its own role in determining the liquid water saturation within the CL. Among all the layers, the GDL is the most influential layer that governs the transport phenomena within the PEMFC cathode. Besides, the thickness of the CL also affects the liquid water saturation and it should be carefully controlled.

scholarly journals Understanding the drivers of marine liquid-water cloud occurrence and properties with global observations using neural networks

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik Andersen ◽  
Jan Cermak ◽  
Julia Fuchs ◽  
Reto Knutti ◽  
Ulrike Lohmann
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Main Determinant ◽  
Boundary Layer Height ◽  
Water Cloud ◽  
Aerosol Cloud Interactions ◽  
Water Amount

Abstract. The role of aerosols, clouds and their interactions with radiation remain among the largest unknowns in the climate system. Even though the processes involved are complex, aerosol-cloud interactions are often analyzed by means of bivariate relationships. In this study, 15 years (2001–2015) of monthly satellite-retrieved nearly-global aerosol products are combined with reanalysis data of various meteorological parameters to predict satellite-derived marine liquid-water cloud occurrence and properties by means of regionally-specific artificial neural networks. The statistical models used are shown to be capable of predicting clouds, especially in regions of high cloud variability. At this monthly scale, lower tropospheric stability is shown to be the main determinant of cloud fraction and droplet size, especially in stratocumulus regions, while boundary layer height controls the liquid-water amount and thus the optical thickness of clouds. While aerosols show the expected impact on clouds, at this scale they are less relevant than some meteorological factors. Global patterns of the derived sensitivities point to regional characteristics of aerosol and cloud processes.

Role of liquid water in the formation of O3 and SOA particles from 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene

2019 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 116955
Author(s):  
Hao Luo ◽  
Long Jia ◽  
Quan Wan ◽  
Taicheng An ◽  
Yujie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Water

X-ray and synchrotron diffraction studies of 2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline in the role of ligand for two copper polymorphs or hydrogen bonded with 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxopiperidinium hexafluorophosphate

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 498-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette A. Krause ◽  
Daoli Zhao ◽  
Sayandev Chatterjee ◽  
Bonnie M. Yeung ◽  
William B. Connick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Diffraction ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Monoclinic Form ◽  
Pyramidal Geometry ◽  
Crystallization Conditions ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Square Pyramidal Geometry ◽  
Triclinic Form ◽  
Hydrogen Bonded

Different extended packing motifs of dichlorido[2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline]copper(II), [CuCl2(C17H11N3)], are obtained, depending on the crystallization conditions. A triclinic form, (I), is obtained from dimethylformamide–diethyl ether or methanol, whereas crystallization from dimethylformamide–water yields a monoclinic form, (II). In each case, the CuIIcentre is in a five-coordinate distorted square-pyramidal geometry. The extended packing for both forms can be described as a highly offset π-stacking arrangement, with interlayer distances of 3.674 (3) and 3.679 (3) Å for forms (I) and (II), respectively. The reaction of diprotonated Pt(tmpip2NCN)Cl [tmpip2NCN = 2,6-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidylmethyl)benzyl] with AgPF6under acidic conditions, followed by the addition of 2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline, results in a hydrogen-bonded cocrystal, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxopiperidinium hexafluorophosphate–2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline (1/1), C9H18NO+·PF6−·C17H11N3, (III). The extended packing maximizes π–π interactions in a parallel face-to-face arrangement, with an interlayer stacking distance of 3.4960 (14) Å.

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