Role of adducts in the atmospheric oxidation of dimethyl sulfide

1995 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen B. Barone ◽  
Andrew A. Turnipseed ◽  
A. R. Ravishankara
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Atmospheric Oxidation

scholarly journals Aging of atmospheric aerosols and the role of iron in catalyzing brown carbon formation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind A. A. Al-Abadleh
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Atmospheric Oxidation ◽  
Carbon Formation ◽  
Brown Carbon ◽  
Volatile Organic

Extensive research has been done on the processes that lead to the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) including atmospheric oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from biogenic and anthropogenic...

The atmospheric oxidation of dimethyl, diethyl, and diisopropyl ethers. The role of the intramolecular hydrogen shift in peroxy radicals

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 7707-7714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sainan Wang ◽  
Liming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Oxidation ◽  
Peroxy Radicals ◽  
Hydrogen Shift ◽  
Intramolecular Hydrogen ◽  
Clean Atmosphere

Ethers can be auto-oxidized with no O3 formation in a ‘clean’ atmosphere.

Role of chromium and vanadium in the atmospheric oxidation of sulfur(IV)

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 797-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Brandt ◽  
Lars I. Elding
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Oxidation

scholarly journals The contribution of coral reef-derived dimethyl sulfide to aerosol burden over the Great Barrier Reef: a modelling study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonya Fiddes ◽  
Matthew Woodhouse ◽  
Steve Utembe ◽  
Robyn Schofield ◽  
Joel Alroe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Great Barrier Reef ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Cloud Formation ◽  
Barrier Reef ◽  
Anthropogenic Aerosol ◽  
Daily Time

Abstract. Coral reefs have been found to produce the sulfur compound dimethyl sulfide (DMS), a climatically relevant aerosol precursor predominantly associated with phytoplankton. Until recently, the role of coral reef-derived DMS within the climate system had not been quantified. A study preceding the present work found that DMS produced by corals had negligible long-term climatic forcing at the global-regional scale. However, at sub-daily time scales more typically associated with aerosol and cloud formation, the influence of coral reef-derived DMS on local aerosol radiative effects remains unquantified. The Weather Research and Forecasting – chemistry model (WRF-Chem) has been used in this work to study the role of coral reef-derived DMS at sub-daily time scales for the first time. WRF-Chem was run to coincide with an October 2016 field campaign over the Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia, against which the model was evaluated. After updating the DMS surface water climatology, the model reproduced DMS and sulfur concentrations well. The inclusion of coral reef-derived DMS resulted in no significant change in sulfate aerosol mass or total aerosol number. Subsequently, no direct or indirect aerosol effects were detected. The results suggest that the co-location of the Great Barrier Reef with significant anthropogenic aerosol sources along the Queensland coast prevents coral reef derived-aerosol from having a modulating influence on local aerosol burdens in the current climate.

scholarly journals Role of Methanogens and Other Bacteria in Degradation of Dimethyl Sulfide and Methanethiol in Anoxic Freshwater Sediments

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 2116-2121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart P. Lomans ◽  
Huub J. M. Op den Camp ◽  
Arjan Pol ◽  
Chris van der Drift ◽  
Godfried D. Vogels
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Transfer ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Methanogenic Bacteria ◽  
Freshwater Sediments ◽  
Freshwater Systems ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Nitrate Reducing Bacteria

ABSTRACT The roles of several trophic groups of organisms (methanogens and sulfate- and nitrate-reducing bacteria) in the microbial degradation of methanethiol (MT) and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) were studied in freshwater sediments. The incubation of DMS- and MT-amended slurries revealed that methanogens are the dominant DMS and MT utilizers in sulfate-poor freshwater systems. In sediment slurries, which were depleted of sulfate, 75 μmol of DMS was stoichiometrically converted into 112 μmol of methane. The addition of methanol or MT to DMS-degrading slurries at concentrations similar to that of DMS reduced DMS degradation rates. This indicates that the methanogens in freshwater sediments, which degrade DMS, are also consumers of methanol and MT. To verify whether a competition between sulfate-reducing and methanogenic bacteria for DMS or MT takes place in sulfate-rich freshwater systems, the effects of sulfate and inhibitors, like bromoethanesulfonic acid, molybdate, and tungstate, on the degradation of MT and DMS were studied. The results for these sulfate-rich and sulfate-amended slurry incubations clearly demonstrated that besides methanogens, sulfate-reducing bacteria take part in MT and DMS degradation in freshwater sediments, provided that sulfate is available. The possible involvement of an interspecies hydrogen transfer in these processes is discussed. In general, our study provides evidence for methanogenesis as a major sink for MT and DMS in freshwater sediments.

scholarly journals The Role of Climate: 71 ka of Atmospheric Mercury Deposition in the Southern Hemisphere Recorded by Rano Aroi Mire, Easter Island (Chile)

Geosciences ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Pérez-Rodríguez ◽  
Olga Margalef ◽  
Juan Corella ◽  
Alfonso Saiz-Lopez ◽  
Sergi Pla-Rabes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Mercury ◽  
Easter Island ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Atmospheric Oxidation ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Mercury Deposition ◽  
Mercury Cycling ◽  
Surface Deposition ◽  
Depositional Processes

The study of mercury accumulation in peat cores provides an excellent opportunity to improve the knowledge on mercury cycling and depositional processes at remote locations far from pollution sources. We analyzed mercury concentrations in 150 peat samples from two cores from Rano Aroi (Easter Island, 27° S) and in selected vegetation samples of present-day flora of the island, in order to characterize the mercury cycling for the last ~71 ka BP. The mercury concentrations showed values ranging between 35 and 200 ng g−1, except for a large maxima (~1000 ng g−1) which occurred at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ~20 ka cal BP) in both peat cores. Low temperatures during the LGM would accelerate the atmospheric oxidation of Hg(0) to divalent mercury that, coupled with higher rainfall during this period, most likely resulted in a very efficient surface deposition of atmospheric mercury. Two exceptional short-lived Hg peaks occurred during the Holocene at 8.5 (350 ng g−1) and 4.7 (1000 ng g−1) ka cal BP. These values are higher than those recorded in most peat records belonging to the industrial period, highlighting that natural factors played a significant role in Hg accumulation—sometimes even more so than anthropogenic sources. Our results suggest that wet deposition, linked to atmospheric oxidation, was the main process controlling the short-lived Hg events, both in the mire and in the catchment soils.

Unraveling the role of additional OH-radicals in the H–Abstraction from Dimethyl sulfide using quantum chemical computations

2020 ◽  
Vol 739 ◽  
pp. 136963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoi Salta ◽  
Jacopo Lupi ◽  
Nicola Tasinato ◽  
Vincenzo Barone ◽  
Oscar N. Ventura
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Chemical ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Quantum Chemical Computations
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