A natural polysaccharide-based antibacterial functionalization strategy for liquid and air filtration membranes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruonan Wu ◽  
Mengkai Song ◽  
Dandan Sui ◽  
Shun Duan ◽  
Fujian Xu
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Filtration Membranes ◽  
Natural Polysaccharide ◽  
Antibacterial Functionalization

Filtration membranes are widely applied in medical fields. However, these membranes are challenged by bacterial contamination in hospitals, which increases the risk of nosocomial infections. Thus, it is significant to...

Evaluation of Bacterial Contamination on Prehospital Ambulances Before and After Disinfection

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 602-606
Author(s):  
Roohollah Farhadloo ◽  
Jalil Goodarzi Far ◽  
Mohammad Reza Azadeh ◽  
Saeed Shams ◽  
Mohammad Parvaresh-Masoud
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Bacterial Agent ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
Major Factors

AbstractBackgroundThe contamination of the environment, ambulance equipment, and staff hands consequently are major factors which create nosocomial infections in emergency patients. The contamination of equipment and devices plays an important role in nosocomial infections.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a disinfectant on the rate of microbial contamination of ambulances in Qom Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Qom, Iran.MethodsThis is a quasi-experimental study with a before-after design in order to determine microbial contaminations at the rear and front cabin of ambulances, as well as medical equipment being utilized in Qom EMS. Saya sept-HP-2% solution was used for disinfection. Bacteriological standard methods were used to identify the contaminations.ResultsThe contamination rates before and after use of disinfection solution were 52% and eight percent, respectively. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most commonly isolated bacterial agent from the equipment (53%). In all equipment, the contamination level has shown a significant reduction after applying disinfectant.Conclusions:In spite of the fact that the rate of infection from ambulance equipment is high, the results showed that the use of the suitable disinfectant had an effective role in the reduction of bacteria.FarhadlooR, Goodarzi FarJ, AzadehMR, ShamsS, Parvaresh-MasoudM.Evaluation of bacterial contamination on prehospital ambulances before and after disinfection. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(6):602–606.

Bacterial Contamination of Hospital Physicians' Stethoscopes

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 626-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Bernard ◽  
Anne Kereveur ◽  
Dominique Durand ◽  
Jeanne Gonot ◽  
Fred Goldstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Bacterial Survival ◽  
Liquid Soap ◽  
Kinetics Of

AbstractBecause stethoscopes might be potential vectors of nosocomial infections, this study, conducted in a 450-bed general hospital, was devised to evaluate the bacterial contamination of stethoscopes; bacterial survival on stethoscope membranes; the kinetics of the bacterial load on stethoscope membranes during clinical use; and the efficacy of 70% alcohol or liquid soap for membrane disinfection. Among the 355 stethoscopes tested, 234 carried ≥2 different bacterial species; 31 carried potentially pathogenic bacteria. Although some bacteria deposited onto membranes could survive 6 to 18 hours, none survived after disinfection.

scholarly journals Recyclable, Antibacterial, Isoporous Through-Hole Membrane Air Filters with Hydrothermally Grown ZnO Nanorods

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3381
Author(s):  
Yong Ho Choi ◽  
Moon-Ju Kim ◽  
Jia Lee ◽  
Jae-Chul Pyun ◽  
Dahl-Young Khang
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Seed Formation ◽  
Concurrent Control ◽  
Membrane Filters ◽  
Filtration Membranes ◽  
Uv Illumination ◽  
Through Hole

Reusable, antibacterial, and photocatalytic isoporous through-hole air filtration membranes have been demonstrated based on hydrothermally grown ZnO nanorods (NRs). High-temperature (300~375 °C) stability of thermoset-based isoporous through-hole membranes has enabled concurrent control of porosity and seed formation via high-temperature annealing of the membranes. The following hydrothermal growth has led to densely populated ZnO NRs on both the membrane surface and pore sidewall. Thanks to the nanofibrous shape of the grown ZnO NRs on the pore sidewall, the membrane filters have shown a high (>97%) filtration efficiency for PM2.5 with a rather low-pressure (~80 Pa) drop. The membrane filters could easily be cleaned and reused many times by simple spray cleaning with a water/ethanol mixture solution. Further, the grown ZnO NRs have also endowed excellent bactericidal performance for both Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative S. enteritidis bacteria. Owing to the wide bandgap semiconductor nature of ZnO NRs, organic decomposition by photocatalytic activity under UV illumination has been successfully demonstrated. The reusable, multifunctional membrane filters can find wide applications in air filtration and purification.

scholarly journals Bacterial contamination of neonatal intensive care units: How safe are the neonates?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharm Raj Bhatta ◽  
Supram Hosuru Subramanya ◽  
Deependra Hamal ◽  
Rajani Shrestha ◽  
Eva Gauchan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
E Coli

Abstract Background Intensive care units (ICU) are essential healthcare facility for life threatening conditions. Bacterial contamination of objects/instruments in ICU is an important source of nosocomial infections. This study is aimed to determine the level of bacterial contamination of instruments/objects which are commonly touched by healthcare workers and frequently come in contact with the neonates. Methods This hospital based prospective study was conducted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal. A total of 146 samples collected from surfaces of incubators, radiant warmers, suction tips, ventilators, stethoscopes, door handles, weighing machines, mothers’ beds, phototherapy beds, laryngoscope, telephone sets, blood pressure machine, etc. formed the material of the study. Isolation, identification and antibiotic susceptibility of the bacterial isolates was performed by standard techniques. Blood culture isolates from NICU patients during the study period were compared with the environmental isolates. Results Out of 146 samples, bacterial growth was observed in 109. A total of 119 bacterial isolates were retrieved from 109 samples. Three common potential pathogens isolated were Escherichia coli (n = 27), Klebsiella species (n = 21) and Staphylococcus aureus (n = 18). Majority of E. coli and Klebsiella isolates were from incubators, suction tips and mothers’ beds. Majority of S. aureus isolates were cultured from radiant warmers. Among S. aureus isolates, 33.3% (6/18) were methicillin resistant. Majority of the bacterial isolates were susceptible to gentamicin and amikacin. Common potential pathogens isolated from blood culture of NICU patients were S. aureus and Klebsiella species. Conclusion High degree of bacterial contamination of objects/instruments in NICU was recorded. Isolation of potential pathogens like E. coli, Klebsiella species and S. aureus is a major threat of nosocomial infections. Blood culture data of NICU reflects possibility of nosocomial infections from contaminated sites. Gentamicin and amikacin may be used for empirical therapy in suspected cases of nosocomial infections in NICU.

Evaluation of Bacterial Contamination of Clipper Blades in Small Animal Private Practice

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Mount ◽  
Anthea E. Schick ◽  
Thomas P. Lewis ◽  
Heide M. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Private Practice ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Human Medicine ◽  
Storage Location ◽  
And Storage

Nosocomial infections are a growing concern in veterinary hospitals, and identifying fomites is imperative to reducing the risk of pathogen transmission. In veterinary medicine, shaving of hair is necessary prior to many procedures. Contaminated clipper blades have been cited as potential fomites involved in the transmission of pathogens in veterinary and human medicine. The primary goal of this study was to evaluate bacterial contamination of clipper blades in veterinary practices. A secondary goal was to assess whether there was an association between bacterial contamination of clipper blades and clipper blade cleaning solutions, clipper blade cleaning protocols, clipper blade storage, and type of practice. Sixty clipper blades from 60 different practices were cultured. Information regarding blade cleaning solutions, protocols, and storage was collected from each practice. Fifty-one percent (31/60) of clipper blades sampled were contaminated with bacteria. Category of cleaning solutions had a significant association with bacterial contamination (P < 0.02). Cleaning frequency (P = 0.55), storage location (P = 0.26), and practice type (P = 0.06) had no significant association with bacterial contamination. This study documented bacterial contamination of clipper blades in veterinary practices, and clipper blades should be considered potential fomites.

Nonhazardous Electrospun Biopolymer Nanofibrous Membrane for Antibacterial Filter

NANO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (07) ◽  
pp. 2050085
Author(s):  
Yaying You ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
Junchao Qian ◽  
Qianyu Yan ◽  
Zhigang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Nanofibrous Membrane ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Filtration Membranes ◽  
Rate Test ◽  
Nanofibrous Membranes

Respiratory disease caused by the presence of bacteria in the atmosphere seriously threatens human health. Air pollution as harmful suspended particles, like haze, is conducive to bacterial spread and growth; it must be prevented to avoid harming the respiratory tract. Herein, filtration membranes possessing superior antibacterial activity are considered as an effective means to protect humans from atmospheres contaminated with bacteria. The aim of this study is to prepare an environmentally friendly and biodegradable multifunctional biopolymer composite nanofibrous membrane, which can be used as a candidate material for air filtration applications. Since traditional air filtration materials do not degrade in the natural environment, we synthesized a nanofibrous membrane composed of gelatin (GT) and silk fibroin (SF), in which antibacterial agent can anchor via electrostatic spinning. Also, both GT and SF can break down in the natural environment, which avoids secondary pollution of the atmosphere. Preliminary experiments show that GS nanofibrous membranes are excellent carriers of antibacterial agent for antibacterial applications. Several characterizations and testing measurements indicate that resultant nanofibrous membranes are effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, a water vapor transmission rate test shows the excellent filtration performance of the materials.

Antibacterial and Effective Air Filtration Membranes by “Green” Electrospinning and Citric Acid Crosslinking

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miaomiao Zhu ◽  
Dawei Hua ◽  
Ming Zhong ◽  
Lingfeng Zhang ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Filtration Membranes

Nosocomial infections related to fibreoptic intubation

Anaesthesia ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 816-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Garrett ◽  
M. B. Hough
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Fibreoptic Intubation
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