C3 Production from CO2 Reduction by Concerted *CO Trimerization on Single Atom Catalyst

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Chen ◽  
Cheng Tang ◽  
Yao Zheng ◽  
Egill Skúlason ◽  
Yan Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Single Atom ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

The direct electroreduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) to C3 products is challenging. The main reason is the competitive C2 production resulting from a traditional sequential C–C...

A Highly Durable, Self-Photosensitized Mononuclear Ruthenium Catalyst for CO2 Reduction

Synlett ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Kamada ◽  
Hiroko Okuwa ◽  
Taku Wakabayashi ◽  
Keita Sekizawa ◽  
Shunsuke Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Induction Period ◽  
Isotope Labeling ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Tetradentate Ligand ◽  
Ru Complex ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

A novel mononuclear ruthenium (Ru) complex bearing a PNNP-type tetradentate ligand is introduced here as a self-photosensitized catalyst for the reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2). When the pre-activation of the Ru complex by reaction with a base was carried out, an induction period of catalyst almost disappeared and the catalyst turnover numbers (TONs) over a reaction time of 144 h reached 307 and 489 for carbon monoxide (CO) and for formic acid (HCO2H), respectively. The complex has a long lifespan as a dual photosensitizer and reduction catalyst, due to the sterically bulky and structurally robust (PNNP)Ru framework. Isotope labeling experiments under 13CO2 atmosphere indicate that CO and HCO2H were both produced from CO2.

Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide with nearly 100% carbon monoxide faradaic efficiency from vacancy-stabilized single-atom active sites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenbao Lu ◽  
Kaiyue Jiang ◽  
Diana Tranca ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Hui Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Single Atom ◽  
Faradaic Efficiency ◽  
Co2 Reduction Reaction

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have been rapidly rising as emerging materials in the field of energy conversion, especially for CO2 reduction reaction. However, the selectivity and running current are still beyond...

Hierarchical three-dimensional copper selenide nanocubes microelectrodes for improved carbon dioxide reduction reaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajasekaran Elakkiya ◽  
Govindhan Maduraiveeran
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Reduction ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Earth Abundant ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Co2 Reduction Reaction

Design of high-performance and Earth-abundant electrocatalysts for electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction reaction (CO2RR) into fuels and value-added chemicals offers an emergent pathway for environment and energy sustainable concerns. Herein,...

Low Full‐Cell Voltage Driven High‐Current‐Density Selective Paired Formate Electrosynthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuqian Xiao ◽  
Ling Cheng ◽  
Yating Wang ◽  
Jinze Liu ◽  
Rongzhen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
High Current ◽  
Oxidation Of Methanol ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Electro Oxidation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Anodic selective electro‐oxidation of methanol paring with cathodic carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction is regarded as a promising strategy to generate value added formate product. We firstly design a 3D‐assembled NiCo...

S. I. Engine Pollution Control Using Low-Cost Palletized Catalytic Converter

Volume 2 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhuri Jakkaraju ◽  
Vasudha Patri
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Catalytic Converter ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hydrocarbon Emissions ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

I. C. Engines consume large amounts of fossil fuel emitting harmful pollutants like carbon monoxide (CO), unburnt hydrocarbons (UBHC), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx). By using a catalytic converter (CC), the carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon emissions can be transformed into less harmful carbon dioxide (CO2) & water vapor (H2O). Currently available CC’s are using costly noble metals like platinum (pt), palladium (pd), rhodium (rh) etc., hence making them expensive. This paper deals with the use of low-cost palletized silver coated alumina as the catalyst element in a CC. In this study, alumina and silver were used in the ratio of 10:1. All tests have been conducted on a stationary S.I. Engine at a constant speed of 1500 r.p.m with and without CC. Also, the performance of the palletized CC in combination with promoters like Bismuth, Cerium and Lanthanum was tested which have shown better results than silver alone as the coating element. It has been experimentally determined that the CO emissions have dropped from 7.25 (% vol) to 3.03(% vol) and the HC values have reduced from 350 ppm to 190 ppm.

scholarly journals Extreme droughts drive tropical semi-arid eutrophic reservoirs towards CO2 sub-saturation

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurandir Rodrigues de Mendonça Júnior ◽  
André Megali Amado ◽  
Luciana de Oliveira Vidal ◽  
Arthur Mattos ◽  
Vanessa Becker
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Autotrophic Metabolism ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the carbon dioxide (CO2) dynamics in tropical semi-arid reservoirs during a prolonged drought period as well as to test if the trophic state affects the CO2 saturation. Methods This study was performed in four reservoirs located in the tropical semi-arid region in the northeast of Brazil. All samplings were performed between 9 and 12 am using a Van Dorn Bottle. Samples for partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2 ) measurements were taken in the sub-surface as well as samples for total phosphorus and chlorophyll-a. Correlation analysis and linear regression were used to detect relations among the calculated pCO2, water volume and chlorophyll-a. Results The water level reduction due to atypical droughts caused chlorophyll-a concentrations to increase, which in turn, led to CO2 reduction in the water. However, CO2 concentrations were very variable and an alternation between CO2 sub-saturation and super-saturation conditions was observed. This paper showed that water volume and chlorophyll-a were important regulators of CO2 in the water, as well as important carbon balance predictors in the tropical semiarid reservoirs. Conclusions The results of this paper indicate that the eutrophication allied to drastic water level reductions lead to a tendency of autotrophic metabolism of these systems.

scholarly journals Determination of the optimal composition of mixed fuel based on the environmental performance of a diesel engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
S.A. Plotnikov ◽  
◽  
Sh.V. Buzikov ◽  
I.S. Kozlov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Effective Pressure ◽  
Bench Tests ◽  
Mixed Fuel ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

The use of rapeseed oil (RO) in tractor engines and other agricultural machinery in its pure form or a mixture of RO with diesel fuel (DF) imposes a number of limitations associated with some dif-ference in physical and chemical properties. Therefore, the most promising is the use of mixed fuel (MF) consisting of DF and RO. The purpose of these studies is to determine the optimal composi-tion of the MF, consisting of DF and RM by optimizing the approximated dependences of the envi-ronmental indicators of a diesel engine. To solve this problem, bench tests of the operation of the D-245.5S diesel engine (4ChN 11.0 / 12.5) were carried out. The following determined environmental performance indicators of a diesel engine are selected: soot (С), nitrogen oxides (NOx), unburned hydrocarbons (CxHy), carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO). The studies were carried out on various compositions of MF, consisting of 80% DF and 20% RO, 55% DF and 45% RO, 20% DF and 80% RO by weight, respectively. As a result of the bench tests, two load characteris-tics were obtained, the one at a speed of n = 1400 min-1 corresponding to the value of the maximum torque, and the second at a speed of n = 1800 min-1 corresponding to the value of the rated power, as well as the external speed characteristic of the D-245.5S tractor diesel engine (4ChN 11.0 / 12.5). The analysis of the obtained experimental data revealed the dependence of environmental indicators on the rotational speed of the diesel engine crankshaft, the average effective pressure and the addi-tion of RO in MF by weight. Using the least squares method, the approximated mathematical de-pendences of the ecological indicators of a diesel engine are determined. The analysis of the ob-tained dependencies showed that: the increase in the crankshaft speed n, the proportion of RO in MF and a decrease in the average effective pressure pe, leads to a decrease in soot С to 4.0%, nitro-gen oxides NOx to 100.0 ppm, unburned hydrocarbons CxHy to 1.0 ppm, carbon dioxide, CO2 up to 2%, and an increase in carbon monoxide CO up to 0.16%. As a result of solving the obtained system of equations for the approximated dependences of environmental indicators, the optimal addition of RO to MF of up to 35% by weight was determined.

scholarly journals Performance and exhaust gases of a diesel engine using different magnetic treatments of the fuel

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 6285-6294
Author(s):  
R. Arias Gilart ◽  
M. R. B. Ungaro ◽  
C. E. A. Rodríguez ◽  
J. F. F. Hernández ◽  
M. C. Sofia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Magnetic Treatment ◽  
Static Magnetic Fields ◽  
Mass Consumption ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

In this research, different magnetic treatments were applied to diesel fuel using static magnetic fields of 0.36T of magnetic induction. The magnetic conditioners (MCs) were installed in different positions of the fuel lines in the engine and the magnetic treatment of the diesel was also carried out before introducing it into the engine tanks. The study was conducted using a four-stroke, two-cylinder, Lister Petter (LPWS2) engine with a compression ratio of 23.5:1 and a constant engine speed of 1500 rpm. The emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), nitrogen oxides and the temperature of the exhaust gases and the mass consumption of fuel were measured. The highest levels of reduction were achieved with the magnetic treatments that locate the MC directly in the engine's pipes. As the number of MC in the engine pipes increases, the emissions of polluting gases decrease. With the treatment that locates one MC in front of each injector, two MC at the entrance of the filter and two MC in the return of fuel were able to increase the O2 emissions by 6.9% and decrease the CO emissions in about 21.3% in the last load of the generator set. With this treatment a decrease in fuel consumption of 4.89% to 80% of engine load was obtained.

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