Enhancing Propylene/Propane Separation Performances of ZIF-8 Membranes by Post-Synthetic Surface Polymerization

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunghwan Park ◽  
Kie Yong Cho ◽  
Hae-Kwon Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Surface Polymerization ◽  
Microstructural Defects ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Separation Performances

Zeolitic-imidazole framework-8 (ZIF-8) membranes have shown exceptional propylene/propane separation performances. Their commercial applications have, however, been impeded by several challenges. One such challenge is the difficulty of managing microstructural defects...

Etching of LLDPE and LLDPE/HDPE blends

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 200-201
Author(s):  
M. S. Bischel ◽  
J. M. Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Narrow Fraction ◽  
Potassium Permanganate Solution ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Microscopy Techniques

Despite its rapidly growing use in commercial applications, the morphology of LLDPE and its blends has not been thoroughly studied by microscopy techniques. As part of a study to examine the morphology of a LLDPE narrow fraction and its blends with HDPE via SEM, TEM and AFM, an appropriate etchant is required. However, no satisfactory recipes could be found in the literature. Mirabella used n-heptane, a solvent for LLDPE, as an etchant to reveal certain morphological features in the SEM, including faint banding in spherulites. A 1992 paper by Bassett included a TEM micrograph of an axialite of LLDPE, etched in a potassium permanganate solution, but no details were given.Attempts to use n-heptane, at 60°C, as an etchant were unsuccessful: depending upon thickness, samples swelled and increased in diameter by 5-10% or more within 15 minutes. Attempts to use the standard 3.5% potassium permanganate solution for HDPE were also unsuccessful: the LLDPE was severely overetched. Weaker solutions were also too severe.

Surface energy of cellulosic materials: The effect of particle morphology, particle size, and hydroxyl number

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 565-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUCHENG PENG ◽  
DOUGLAS J. GARDNER
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Nanofibrillated Cellulose ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Hydroxyl Number ◽  
Small Individual ◽  
Dispersion Component ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Lower Temperature

Understanding the surface properties of cellulose materials is important for proper commercial applications. The effect of particle size, particle morphology, and hydroxyl number on the surface energy of three microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) preparations and one nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) preparation were investigated using inverse gas chromatography at column temperatures ranging from 30ºC to 60ºC. The mean particle sizes for the three MCC samples and the NFC sample were 120.1, 62.3, 13.9, and 9.3 μm. The corresponding dispersion components of surface energy at 30°C were 55.7 ± 0.1, 59.7 ± 1.3, 71.7 ± 1.0, and 57.4 ± 0.3 mJ/m2. MCC samples are agglomerates of small individual cellulose particles. The different particle sizes and morphologies of the three MCC samples resulted in various hydroxyl numbers, which in turn affected their dispersion component of surface energy. Cellulose samples exhibiting a higher hydroxyl number have a higher dispersion component of surface energy. The dispersion component of surface energy of all the cellulose samples decreased linearly with increasing temperature. MCC samples with larger agglomerates had a lower temperature coefficient of dispersion component of surface energy.

"CLEAN" PROPELLANTS FOR COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS

1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 430-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Hoffmans ◽  
A. P. M. Leenders ◽  
P. A. O. G. Korting ◽  
G. M. H. J. L. Gadiot
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Applications

Smart Polymers and their Applications: A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gore S. A. ◽  
Gholve S. B. ◽  
Savalsure S. M. ◽  
Ghodake K. B. ◽  
Bhusnure O. G. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Smart Polymers ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Responsive Materials ◽  
Water Soluble Polymers ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Stimuli Sensitive ◽  
External Stimuli

Smart polymers are materials that respond to small external stimuli. These are also referred as stimuli responsive materials or intelligent materials. Smart polymers that can exhibit stimuli-sensitive properties are becoming important in many commercial applications. These polymers can change shape, strength and pore size based on external factors such as temperature, pH and stress. The stimuli include salt, UV irradiation, temperature, pH, magnetic or electric field, ionic factors etc. Smart polymers are very promising applicants in drug delivery, tissue engineering, cell culture, gene carriers, textile engineering, oil recovery, radioactive wastage and protein purification. The study is focused on the entire features of smart polymers and their most recent and relevant applications. Water soluble polymers with tunable lower critical solution temperature (LCST) are of increasing interest for biological applications such as cell patterning, smart drug release, DNA sequencing etc.

NUCALLOY 45

Alloy Digest ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Nickel Chromium ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Commercial Applications

Abstract NUCALLOY 45 is a nickel-chromium-boron alloy which derives superior wear resistance from the presence of hard nickel borides (and to a lesser extent chromium carbides) tightly held in a nickel-rich matrix. It is used in many commercial applications because of its toughness and high resistance to attack by many chemicals. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Ni-238. Producer or source: Stoody Company.

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