Organic-Inorganic Hybrids Reinforced Flexible and Robust 2D Papers for High-efficiency Microwave Absorbing Films

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Wang ◽  
Xiaochi Lu ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Haoran Lai ◽  
Siqiao Teng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Electromagnetic Response ◽  
Microwave Absorbing

Developing flexible microwave absorbing film with efficient electromagnetic response and practicability is of great importance. However, it is still a big challenge for microwave absorbing films to possess excellent EM...

Metamaterial-based multifunctional sensor design for moisture, concrete aging and ethanol density sensing applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (23) ◽  
pp. 1850271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oguzhan Akgol ◽  
Hatice Unal
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Smart Phones ◽  
Electromagnetic Properties ◽  
Electromagnetic Response ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Sensor Structure ◽  
Multifunctional Sensor

We have designed and developed a metamaterial (MTM)-based multipurpose sensor structure capable of sensing moisture, liquid (ethyl alcohol-ethanol-in our case) density in pure water and the concrete aging. The structure is composed of a rectangular shape MTM cell resonator which can be adjusted to any desired frequency range depending on the application area and the material to be sensed. The material is put into a plastic rectangular pipe placed in a hole located in the middle of the structure. Depending on the response of the proposed model to the electromagnetic properties of the material under test (MUT), overall resonance frequency shifts providing the information to accurately estimate the soil moisture, concrete age and density rate of the sensed liquid samples in real time. The resonance frequency has been carefully chosen so that the MUT has a linear variation in its electromagnetic response behaviors. It is aimed for future studies to adjust the structure for designing a portable multipurpose sensor device and even adjust it to smart phones and sense the materials by simply using smart phones and a small amount of sample in high efficiency.

Interpretation Method of GATEM Data based on PID Controller Iteration Downward Continuation Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 622-631
Author(s):  
Shanshan Guan ◽  
Bingxuan Du ◽  
Dongsheng Li ◽  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Yu Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pid Controller ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Continuation Method ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Downward Continuation ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Electromagnetic Response ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Interpretation Method

The Ground-source Airborne Time-domain Electromagnetic (GATEM) system has advantages for high efficiency and complex areas such as mountainous zone. Because of ignoring the impact of flight height, the section interpretation method seriously affects the interpretation and imaging accuracy of shallow anomalies. The PID controller iteration downward continuation method is proposed. Based on the original iteration continuation method, the differential coefficient and integral coefficient are added. The result shows that the new method remarkably decreases the iteration number, and the accuracy are verified by comparison with the numerical integration solution. The PID controller iteration downward continuation method is applied to the interpretation of GATEM data. For synthetic data, the interpretation results of continued electromagnetic response are closer to the true model than the z = 30 m interpretation results. The method is also applied to GATEM field data in Yangquan City, Shanxi Province, China. The interpretation results perform reliability using PID controller iteration downward continuation method in a GATEM field.

Microcalorimeters for X-Ray Spectroscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
E. Silver ◽  
C. Hailey ◽  
S. Labov ◽  
N. Madden ◽  
D. Landis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
High Resolution Spectroscopy ◽  
Superconducting Transition ◽  
Sapphire Substrates ◽  
Laboratory Plasmas ◽  
Adiabatic Demagnetization ◽  
Theoretical Predictions

The merits of microcalorimetry below 1°K for high resolution spectroscopy has become widely recognized on theoretical grounds. By combining the high efficiency, broadband spectral sensitivity of traditional photoelectric detectors with the high resolution capabilities characteristic of dispersive spectrometers, the microcalorimeter could potentially revolutionize spectroscopic measurements of astrophysical and laboratory plasmas. In actuality, however, the performance of prototype instruments has fallen short of theoretical predictions and practical detectors are still unavailable for use as laboratory and space-based instruments. These issues are currently being addressed by the new collaborative initiative between LLNL, LBL, U.C.I., U.C.B., and U.C.D.. Microcalorimeters of various types are being developed and tested at temperatures of 1.4, 0.3, and 0.1°K. These include monolithic devices made from NTD Germanium and composite configurations using sapphire substrates with temperature sensors fabricated from NTD Germanium, evaporative films of Germanium-Gold alloy, or material with superconducting transition edges. A new approache to low noise pulse counting electronics has been developed that allows the ultimate speed of the device to be determined solely by the detector thermal response and geometry. Our laboratory studies of the thermal and resistive properties of these and other candidate materials should enable us to characterize the pulse shape and subsequently predict the ultimate performance. We are building a compact adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator for conveniently reaching 0.1°K in the laboratory and for use in future satellite-borne missions. A description of this instrument together with results from our most recent experiments will be presented.

Imaging and diffraction modes in Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 684-687
Author(s):  
J. M. Cowley ◽  
R. Glaisher ◽  
J. A. Lin ◽  
H.-J. Ou
Keyword(s):  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Image Intensifier ◽  
Detector System ◽  
Detector Plane ◽  
Secondary Electrons ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Special Detector

Some of the most important applications of STEM depend on the variety of imaging and diffraction made possible by the versatility of the detector system and the serial nature, of the image acquisition. A special detector system, previously described, has been added to our STEM instrument to allow us to take full advantage of this versatility. In this, the diffraction pattern in the detector plane may be formed on either of two phosphor screens, one with P47 (very fast) phosphor and the other with P20 (high efficiency) phosphor. The light from the phosphor is conveyed through a fiber-optic rod to an image intensifier and TV system and may be photographed, recorded on videotape, or stored digitally on a frame store. The P47 screen has a hole through it to allow electrons to enter a Gatan EELS spectrometer. Recently a modified SEM detector has been added so that high resolution (10Å) imaging with secondary electrons may be used in conjunction with other modes.

Influence of MBE Growth Conditions on Dislocation Densities of GaAs/Ge Epilayers Grown on Silicon Substrates

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 364-365
Author(s):  
K.M. Hones ◽  
P. Sheldon ◽  
B.G. Yacobi ◽  
A. Mason
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Lattice Mismatch ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Nonradiative Recombination ◽  
Device Structure ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dislocation Densities ◽  
Dislocation Type

There is increasing interest in growing epitaxial GaAs on Si substrates. Such a device structure would allow low-cost substrates to be used for high-efficiency cascade- junction solar cells. However, high-defect densities may result from the large lattice mismatch (∼4%) between the GaAs epilayer and the silicon substrate. These defects can act as nonradiative recombination centers that can degrade the optical and electrical properties of the epitaxially grown GaAs. For this reason, it is important to optimize epilayer growth conditions in order to minimize resulting dislocation densities. The purpose of this paper is to provide an indication of the quality of the epitaxially grown GaAs layers by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to examine dislocation type and density as a function of various growth conditions. In this study an intermediate Ge layer was used to avoid nucleation difficulties observed for GaAs growth directly on Si substrates. GaAs/Ge epilayers were grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on Si substrates in a manner similar to that described previously.

The use of high-resolution FESEM to study solid-state phase transformations and reactions

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 1028-1029
Author(s):  
P. G. Kotula ◽  
D. D. Erickson ◽  
C. B. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Phase Transformations ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Solid State Reactions ◽  
Critical Dimensions ◽  
Backscattered Electrons ◽  
Backscattered Electron

High-resolution field-emission-gun scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) has recently emerged as an extremely powerful method for characterizing the micro- or nanostructure of materials. The development of high efficiency backscattered-electron detectors has increased the resolution attainable with backscattered-electrons to almost that attainable with secondary-electrons. This increased resolution allows backscattered-electron imaging to be utilized to study materials once possible only by TEM. In addition to providing quantitative information, such as critical dimensions, SEM is more statistically representative. That is, the amount of material that can be sampled with SEM for a given measurement is many orders of magnitude greater than that with TEM.In the present work, a Hitachi S-900 FESEM (operating at 5kV) equipped with a high-resolution backscattered electron detector, has been used to study the α-Fe2O3 enhanced or seeded solid-state phase transformations of sol-gel alumina and solid-state reactions in the NiO/α-Al2O3 system. In both cases, a thin-film cross-section approach has been developed to facilitate the investigation. Specifically, the FESEM allows transformed- or reaction-layer thicknesses along interfaces that are millimeters in length to be measured with a resolution of better than 10nm.

Interlayer confinement synthesis of Ir nanodots/dual carbon as an electrocatalyst for overall water splitting

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaru Li ◽  
Yu-Quan Zhu ◽  
Weili Xin ◽  
Song Hong ◽  
Xiaoying Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Noble Metal ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Overall Water Splitting ◽  
Highly Dispersed

Rationally designing low-content and high-efficiency noble metal nanodots offers opportunities to enhance electrocatalytic performances for water splitting. However, the preparation of highly dispersed nanodots electrocatalysts remains a challenge. Herein, we...

Prime Mover of High Efficiency—I

1919 ◽  
Vol 88 (2282supp) ◽  
pp. 204-205
Author(s):  
Frank E. D. Acland
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Prime Mover
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