scholarly journals Insights into the electric double-layer capacitance of two-dimensional electrically conductive metal-organic frameworks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie W. Gittins ◽  
Chloe J. Balhatchet ◽  
Yuan Chen ◽  
Cheng Liu ◽  
David Madden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Electric Double Layer ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Double Layer Capacitance ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Double Layer Capacitors ◽  
Electric Double Layer Capacitance ◽  
Electric Double Layer Capacitors

Two-dimensional electrically conductive metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising model electrodes for use in electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). However, a number of fundamental questions about the behaviour of this...

scholarly journals Insights into the electric double-layer capacitance of two-dimensional electrically conductive metal-organic frameworks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie W. Gittins ◽  
Chloe J. Balhatchet ◽  
Yuan Chen ◽  
Cheng Liu ◽  
David G. Madden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Electric Double Layer ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Capacitive Performance ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Linker

Two-dimensional electrically conductive metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising model electrodes for use in electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). However, a number of fundamental questions about the behaviour of this class of materials in EDLCs remain unanswered, including the effect of the identity of the metal node and organic linker molecule on capacitive performance and the limitations of current conductive MOFs in these devices relative to traditional activated carbon electrode materials. Herein, we address both these questions via a detailed study of the capacitive performance of the framework Cu<sub>3</sub>(HHTP)<sub>2</sub> (HHTP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene) with an acetonitrile-based electrolyte, finding a specific capacitance of 110 – 114 F g<sup>−1</sup> at current densities of 0.04 – 0.05 A g<sup>−1</sup> and a modest rate capability. By, directly comparing its performance with the previously reported analogue, Ni<sub>3</sub>(HITP)<sub>2</sub> (HITP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene), we illustrate that capacitive performance is largely independent of the identity of the metal node and organic linker molecule in these nearly isostructural MOFs. Importantly, this result suggests that EDLC performance in general is uniquely defined by the 3D structure of the electrodes and the electrolyte, a significant finding not demonstrated using traditional electrode materials. Finally, we probe the limitations of Cu<sub>3</sub>(HHTP)<sub>2</sub> in EDLCs, finding a limited cell voltage window of 1.3 V and only a modest capacitance retention of 81 % over 30,000 cycles, both significantly lower than state-of-the-art porous carbons. These important insights will aid the design of future conductive MOFs with greater EDLC performances.

scholarly journals Insights Into the Electric Double-Layer Capacitance of the Two-Dimensional Electrically Conductive Metal-Organic Framework Cu3(HHTP)2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie W. Gittins ◽  
Chloe J. Balhatchet ◽  
Yuan Chen ◽  
Cheng Liu ◽  
David G. Madden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Electric Double Layer ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Capacitive Performance ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Improved Performance

Two-dimensional electrically conductive metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising model electrodes for use in electric double-layer capacitors (EDLC). Here, we demonstrate the high capacitive performance of the framework Cu<sub>3</sub>(HHTP)<sub>2</sub> (HHTP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene) with an organic electrolyte and compare its behaviour with the previously reported analogue, Ni<sub>3</sub>(HITP)<sub>2</sub> (HITP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene). At low current densities of 0.04 – 0.05 A g<sup>−1</sup>, Cu<sub>3</sub>(HHTP)<sub>2</sub> electrodes exhibit a specific capacitance of 110 – 114 F g<sup>−1</sup> and show modest capacitance retentions (66 %) at current densities up to 2 A g<sup>−1</sup> , mirroring the performance of Ni<sub>3</sub>(HITP)<sub>2</sub> and suggesting that capacitive performance is largely independent of the identity of the metal node and organic linker molecule. However, we find a limited cell voltage window of 1.3 V and only moderate capacitance retention (86 %) over 30,000 cycles at a moderate current density of 1 A g<sup>−1</sup>, both significantly lower than state-of-the-art porous carbons. These important insights will aid the design of future conductive MOFs with improved performance in EDLCs.

scholarly journals Insights Into the Electric Double-Layer Capacitance of the Two-Dimensional Electrically Conductive Metal-Organic Framework Cu3(HHTP)2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie W. Gittins ◽  
Chloe J. Balhatchet ◽  
Yuan Chen ◽  
Cheng Liu ◽  
David G. Madden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Electric Double Layer ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Capacitive Performance ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Improved Performance

Two-dimensional electrically conductive metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising model electrodes for use in electric double-layer capacitors (EDLC). Here, we demonstrate the high capacitive performance of the framework Cu<sub>3</sub>(HHTP)<sub>2</sub> (HHTP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene) with an organic electrolyte and compare its behaviour with the previously reported analogue, Ni<sub>3</sub>(HITP)<sub>2</sub> (HITP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene). At low current densities of 0.04 – 0.05 A g<sup>−1</sup>, Cu<sub>3</sub>(HHTP)<sub>2</sub> electrodes exhibit a specific capacitance of 110 – 114 F g<sup>−1</sup> and show modest capacitance retentions (66 %) at current densities up to 2 A g<sup>−1</sup> , mirroring the performance of Ni<sub>3</sub>(HITP)<sub>2</sub> and suggesting that capacitive performance is largely independent of the identity of the metal node and organic linker molecule. However, we find a limited cell voltage window of 1.3 V and only moderate capacitance retention (86 %) over 30,000 cycles at a moderate current density of 1 A g<sup>−1</sup>, both significantly lower than state-of-the-art porous carbons. These important insights will aid the design of future conductive MOFs with improved performance in EDLCs.

scholarly journals Insights Into the Electric Double-Layer Capacitance of the Two-Dimensional Electrically Conductive Metal-Organic Framework Cu3(HHTP)2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie W. Gittins ◽  
Chloe J. Balhatchet ◽  
Yuan Chen ◽  
Cheng Liu ◽  
David G. Madden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Electric Double Layer ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Organic Electrolyte ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Capacitive Performance ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Current Densities

Two-dimensional electrically conductive metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are candidate electrode materials for use in electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) structure-property investigations due to their well-defined crystalline structures. Their promising capacitive performance was first illustrated by EDLCs constructed with the layered framework Ni<sub>3</sub>(HITP)<sub>2 </sub>(HITP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene) and an organic electrolyte. Despite this promise, there have been few follow-up studies on the use of these frameworks in EDLCs, raising questions about the generality of the results. Here, we demonstrate the high capacitive performance of the layered framework Cu<sub>3</sub>(HHTP)<sub>2</sub> (HHTP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene) in EDLCs with an organic electrolyte and compare its performance with Ni<sub>3</sub>(HITP)<sub>2</sub>. Cu<sub>3</sub>(HHTP)<sub>2</sub> exhibits a specific capacitance of 110 – 114 F g<sup>–1 </sup>at low current densities of 0.04 – 0.05 A g<sup>–1</sup> and shows modest capacitance retentions (66 %) at current densities up to 2 A g<sup>–1</sup>, mirroring the performance of Ni<sub>3</sub>(HITP)<sub>2</sub>. However, we also explore the limitations of Cu<sub>3</sub>(HHTP)<sub>2</sub> in EDLCs, finding a limited cell voltage window of 1.3 V and only moderate capacitance retention over 30,000 cycles. This illustrates that these materials require further development to improve their EDLC performance, particularly to reach similar cycling performance levels as porous carbons. Despite this, our work underscores the utility of framework materials in EDLCs and suggests that capacitive performance is largely independent of the identity of the metal node and organic linker molecule, instead being dictated by the three-dimensional structure of the framework. These important insights will aid the design of future conductive MOFs for use in EDLCs.

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