Increasing ionic conductivity within thermoplastics via commercial additives results in a dramatic decrease in fiber diameter from melt electrospinning

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelam Sheoran ◽  
Brent Boland ◽  
Samuel Thornton ◽  
Jason R. Bochinski ◽  
Laura I. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Dramatic Decrease ◽  
Melt Electrospinning ◽  
Micron Diameter

Role of conductivity and viscosity in determining jet size and fiber diameter in melt electrospinning is explored by new data and application of theory. Increasing conductivity via an additive leads to a large fraction of sub-micron diameter fibers.

scholarly journals The role of mergers and interactions in driving the evolution of dwarf galaxies over cosmic time

2020 ◽  
Vol 500 (4) ◽  
pp. 4937-4957 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Martin ◽  
R A Jackson ◽  
S Kaviraj ◽  
H Choi ◽  
J E G Devriendt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Dwarf Galaxies ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Cosmic Time ◽  
Stellar Mass ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
Mass Assembly

ABSTRACT Dwarf galaxies (M⋆ < 109 M⊙) are key drivers of mass assembly in high-mass galaxies, but relatively little is understood about the assembly of dwarf galaxies themselves. Using the NewHorizon cosmological simulation (∼40 pc spatial resolution), we investigate how mergers and fly-bys drive the mass assembly and structural evolution of around 1000 field and group dwarfs up to z = 0.5. We find that, while dwarf galaxies often exhibit disturbed morphologies (5 and 20 per cent are disturbed at z = 1 and z = 3 respectively), only a small proportion of the morphological disturbances seen in dwarf galaxies are driven by mergers at any redshift (for 109 M⊙, mergers drive under 20 per cent morphological disturbances). They are instead primarily the result of interactions that do not end in a merger (e.g. fly-bys). Given the large fraction of apparently morphologically disturbed dwarf galaxies which are not, in fact, merging, this finding is particularly important to future studies identifying dwarf mergers and post-mergers morphologically at intermediate and high redshifts. Dwarfs typically undergo one major and one minor merger between z = 5 and z = 0.5, accounting for 10 per cent of their total stellar mass. Mergers can also drive moderate star formation enhancements at lower redshifts (3 or 4 times at z = 1), but this accounts for only a few per cent of stellar mass in the dwarf regime given their infrequency. Non-merger interactions drive significantly smaller star formation enhancements (around two times), but their preponderance relative to mergers means they account for around 10 per cent of stellar mass formed in the dwarf regime.

scholarly journals Ionic conductivity in oxide heterostructures: the role of interfaces

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 054503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emiliana Fabbri ◽  
Daniele Pergolesi ◽  
Enrico Traversa
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Oxide Heterostructures

Ionic transport of alkali in borosilicate glass. Role of alkali nature on glass structure and on ionic conductivity at the glassy state

2015 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muriel Neyret ◽  
Marion Lenoir ◽  
Agnès Grandjean ◽  
Nicolas Massoni ◽  
Bruno Penelon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Borosilicate Glass ◽  
Glassy State ◽  
Glass Structure ◽  
Ionic Transport

Role of eicosanoids in hypoxic vasoconstriction in isolated lamb lungs

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (3) ◽  
pp. H626-H633 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. U. Raj ◽  
P. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Receptor Blocker ◽  
Lipoxygenase Inhibitor ◽  
Thromboxane Receptor ◽  
Thromboxane Synthetase ◽  
Vasoconstrictor Response ◽  
Micron Diameter ◽  
Arterial Constriction

To determine the role of eicosanoids in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, we studied 42 isolated, blood-perfused lamb lungs during normoxia and hypoxia. We used the lung micropuncture technique to measure microvascular pressures in 20- to 80-micron diameter arterioles and venules and estimated segmental vascular resistance. In separate experiments, lungs were untreated or treated with either indomethacin (a cyclooxygenase inhibitor), Dazmegrel (a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor), SQ 29548 (a thromboxane receptor blocker), FPL 57231 (a leukotriene receptor blocker), or U 60257 (a 5'lipoxygenase inhibitor). In control untreated lungs both pulmonary arteries and veins constricted during hypoxia. Addition of indomethacin, Dazmegrel, or SQ 29548 to the perfusate resulted in abolition of venous constriction during hypoxia but enhancement of arterial constriction. FPL 57231 or U 60257 resulted in complete abolition of the pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstrictor response. Our results indicate that during hypoxia, leukotrienes mediate arterial and venous constriction with thromboxane A2 being necessary for venous constriction. We conclude that the interaction between 5'lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase products of arachidonic acid results in the characteristic pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstrictor response in isolated, perfused lamb lungs.

scholarly journals Interleukin-1-induced leukocyte extravasation across rat mesenteric microvessels is mediated by platelet-activating factor

Blood ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (9) ◽  
pp. 2553-2558 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Nourshargh ◽  
SW Larkin ◽  
A Das ◽  
TJ Williams
Keyword(s):  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Micron Diameter ◽  
Paf Receptor ◽  
Leukocyte Extravasation ◽  
Mesenteric Microvessels ◽  
Adherent Leukocytes

Although our understanding of the molecular interactions that mediate the adhesion of leukocytes to venular endothelial cells has greatly expanded, very little is known about the mechanisms that mediate the passage of leukocytes across the vessel wall in vivo. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of endogenously formed platelet-activating factor (PAF) in the process of leukocyte extravasation induced by interleukin-1 (IL-1). To determine at which stage of emigration PAF was involved, we studied the behavior of leukocytes within rat mesenteric microvessels by intravital microscopy. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with saline, recombinant rat IL-1 beta (IL-1 beta), or the peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) 4 hours before the exteriorization of the mesenteric tissue. In animals treated with IL-1 beta there was a significant increase in the number of rolling and adherent leukocytes within venules (20- to 40-micron diameter) and in the number of extravasated leukocytes in the tissue. Pretreatment of rats with the PAF receptor antagonist UK-74,505 had no effect on the leukocyte responses of rolling and adhesion, but significantly inhibited the migration of the leukocytes across the vessel wall induced by IL-1 beta (76% inhibition). A structurally unrelated PAF antagonist, WEB-2170, produced the same effect (64% inhibition). However, in contrast, UK-74,505 had no effect on the leukocyte extravasation induced by FMLP, indicating selectivity for the response elicited by certain mediators. These results provide the first line of direct evidence for the involvement of endogenously formed PAF in the process of leukocyte extravasation induced by IL-1 in vivo.

Atomistic insights into the screening and role of oxygen in enhancing the Li+ conductivity of Li7P3S11−xOx solid-state electrolytes

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (48) ◽  
pp. 26358-26367
Author(s):  
Hanghui Liu ◽  
Zhenhua Yang ◽  
Qun Wang ◽  
Xianyou Wang ◽  
Xingqiang Shi
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Electrochemical Stability ◽  
Oxygen Doping ◽  
Solid State Electrolyte ◽  
Solid State Electrolytes

A solid-state electrolyte (L7P3S10.25O0.75) with good ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability is successfully designed by oxygen doping.

scholarly journals Ionic conductivity of deep eutectic solvents: the role of orientational dynamics and glassy freezing

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 6801-6809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Reuter ◽  
Catharina Binder ◽  
Peter Lunkenheimer ◽  
Alois Loidl
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Dielectric Spectroscopy ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Relaxation Dynamics ◽  
Dipolar Relaxation ◽  
Orientational Dynamics

Dielectric spectroscopy reveals that the ionic conductivity of deep eutectic solvents is closely coupled to their reorientational dipolar relaxation dynamics.

scholarly journals Right Place at the Right Time: How Changes in Protocadherins Affect Synaptic Connections Contributing to the Etiology of Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2711
Author(s):  
Maria Mancini ◽  
Silvia Bassani ◽  
Maria Passafaro
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Synapse Formation ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Axon Pathfinding ◽  
Neurite Initiation ◽  
The Right

During brain development, neurons need to form the correct connections with one another in order to give rise to a functional neuronal circuitry. Mistakes during this process, leading to the formation of improper neuronal connectivity, can result in a number of brain abnormalities and impairments collectively referred to as neurodevelopmental disorders. Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), present on the cell surface, take part in the neurodevelopmental process regulating migration and recognition of specific cells to form functional neuronal assemblies. Among CAMs, the members of the protocadherin (PCDH) group stand out because they are involved in cell adhesion, neurite initiation and outgrowth, axon pathfinding and fasciculation, and synapse formation and stabilization. Given the critical role of these macromolecules in the major neurodevelopmental processes, it is not surprising that clinical and basic research in the past two decades has identified several PCDH genes as responsible for a large fraction of neurodevelopmental disorders. In the present article, we review these findings with a focus on the non-clustered PCDH sub-group, discussing the proteins implicated in the main neurodevelopmental disorders.

Role of PVME on the ionic conductivity and morphology of a TPU based electrolyte

Polymer ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Digar ◽  
Ten-Chin Wen
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document