Robust substrate anchorages of silk lines with extensible nano-fibres

Soft Matter ◽

10.1039/d1sm00552a ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jonas Wolff ◽

Daniele Liprandi ◽

Federico Bosia ◽

Anna-Christin Joel ◽

Nicola Pugno

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Living Systems ◽

Nano Structures ◽

Composites Materials ◽

Multiscale Composites

Living systems are built of multiscale-composites: materials formed of components with different properties that are assembled in complex micro- and nano-structures. Such biological multiscale-composites often show outstanding physical properties that...

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A scaling law for properties of nano-structured materials

Proceedings of The Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspa.2005.1637 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 462 (2069) ◽

pp. 1355-1363 ◽

Cited By ~ 101

Author(s):

J Wang ◽

H.L Duan ◽

Z.P Huang ◽

B.L Karihaloo

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Size Dependence ◽

Size Range ◽

Scaling Law ◽

Length Scales ◽

Structured Materials ◽

Nano Scale ◽

Nano Structures ◽

Simple Scaling ◽

Intrinsic Length

In this brief communication, we identify intrinsic length scales of several physical properties at the nano-scale and show that, for nano-structures whose characteristic sizes are much larger than these scales, the properties obey a simple scaling law. The underlying cause of the size-dependence of these properties at the nano-scale is the competition between surface and bulk energies. This law provides a yardstick for checking the accuracy of experimentally measured or numerically computed properties of nano-structured materials over a broad size range and can thus help replace repeated and exhaustive testing by one or a few tests.

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Design of functional interface between living systems and semiconductor nano-structures

Nanotechnology and Nano-Interface Controlled Electronic Devices ◽

10.1016/b978-044451091-4/50013-3 ◽

2003 ◽

pp. 191-231

Author(s):

Motomu Tanaka

Keyword(s):

Living Systems ◽

Nano Structures ◽

Functional Interface

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Redox Reactions in Lipid Membranes as a Model for Primordial Energy-Conserving Systems

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100014950 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 161 ◽

pp. 437-442

Author(s):

Salvatore Di Bernardo ◽

Romana Fato ◽

Giorgio Lenaz

Keyword(s):

Experimental Evidence ◽

Lipid Membranes ◽

Energy Supply ◽

Redox Reactions ◽

Living Systems ◽

Asymmetric Distribution ◽

Conservation Of Energy ◽

Asymmetrical Distribution ◽

Energy Conserving ◽

Living Organisms

AbstractOne of the peculiar aspects of living systems is the production and conservation of energy. This aspect is provided by specialized organelles, such as the mitochondria and chloroplasts, in developed living organisms. In primordial systems lacking specialized enzymatic complexes the energy supply was probably bound to the generation and maintenance of an asymmetric distribution of charged molecules in compartmentalized systems. On the basis of experimental evidence, we suggest that lipophilic quinones were involved in the generation of this asymmetrical distribution of charges through vectorial redox reactions across lipid membranes.

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The Photometric Properties of the Ap Stars

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100080684 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 365-377 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B. Hauck

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Ap Stars

The Ap stars are numerous - the photometric systems tool It would be very tedious to review in detail all that which is in the literature concerning the photometry of the Ap stars. In my opinion it is necessary to examine the problem of the photometric properties of the Ap stars by considering first of all the possibility of deriving some physical properties for the Ap stars, or of detecting new ones. My talk today is prepared in this spirit. The classification by means of photoelectric photometric systems is at the present time very well established for many systems, such as UBV, uvbyβ, Vilnius, Geneva and DDO systems. Details and methods of classification can be found in Golay (1974) or in the proceedings of the Albany Colloquium edited by Philip and Hayes (1975).

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The Infection of Cells by Bullet-Shaped Viruses

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100063779 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 372-373

Author(s):

Frederick A. Murphy ◽

Alyne K. Harrison ◽

Sylvia G. Whitfield

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Host Cell ◽

Thin Section ◽

Cultured Cells ◽

Cell Infection ◽

Thin Section Electron Microscopy ◽

Section Electron ◽

Section Electron Microscopy

The bullet-shaped viruses are currently classified together on the basis of similarities in virion morphology and physical properties. Biologically and ecologically the member viruses are extremely diverse. In searching for further bases for making comparisons of these agents, the nature of host cell infection, both in vivo and in cultured cells, has been explored by thin-section electron microscopy.

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Prolonged Fixation Studies For Spaceflight

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100072101 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 332-333

Author(s):

Robert Corbett ◽

Delbert E. Philpott ◽

Sam Black

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Living Systems ◽

Prolonged Storage ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Early Signs ◽

Large Numbers

Observation of subtle or early signs of change in spaceflight induced alterations on living systems require precise methods of sampling. In-flight analysis would be preferable but constraints of time, equipment, personnel and cost dictate the necessity for prolonged storage before retrieval. Because of this, various tissues have been stored in fixatives and combinations of fixatives and observed at various time intervals. High pressure and the effect of buffer alone have also been tried.Of the various tissues embedded, muscle, cartilage and liver, liver has been the most extensively studied because it contains large numbers of organelles common to all tissues (Fig. 1).

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Transmission electron microscopy of composite materials

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100107125 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 1012-1015

Author(s):

K.P.D. Lagerlof

Keyword(s):

Composite Materials ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Structural Defects ◽

Structural Composites ◽

Multiphase Materials ◽

Structural Reinforcement ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Reinforced Fiber ◽

Particulate Reinforced Composites ◽

Definition Of

Although most materials contain more than one phase, and thus are multiphase materials, the definition of composite materials is commonly used to describe those materials containing more than one phase deliberately added to obtain certain desired physical properties. Composite materials are often classified according to their application, i.e. structural composites and electronic composites, but may also be classified according to the type of compounds making up the composite, i.e. metal/ceramic, ceramic/ceramie and metal/semiconductor composites. For structural composites it is also common to refer to the type of structural reinforcement; whisker-reinforced, fiber-reinforced, or particulate reinforced composites [1-4].For all types of composite materials, it is of fundamental importance to understand the relationship between the microstructure and the observed physical properties, and it is therefore vital to properly characterize the microstructure. The interfaces separating the different phases comprising the composite are of particular interest to understand. In structural composites the interface is often the weakest part, where fracture will nucleate, and in electronic composites structural defects at or near the interface will affect the critical electronic properties.

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