scholarly journals Direct evidence for distinct colour origins in ROY polymorphs

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (38) ◽  
pp. 12711-12718
Author(s):  
Lisette R. Warren ◽  
Evana McGowan ◽  
Margaret Renton ◽  
Carole A. Morrison ◽  
Nicholas P. Funnell
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Distinct Colour ◽  
First Time

Alternative colour origins in ROY polymorphs are conclusively determined for the first time, using high-pressure diffraction and hybrid DFT.

Fouling Is the Beginning: Upcycling Biopolymer-Fouled Substrates for Fabricating High-Permeance Thin-Film Composite Polyamide Membranes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruobin Dai ◽  
Hongyi Han ◽  
Tianlin Wang ◽  
Jiayi Li ◽  
Chuyang Y. Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Polymeric Membranes ◽  
Membrane Recycling ◽  
Film Composite ◽  
Thin Film Composite ◽  
First Time

Commercial polymeric membranes are generally recognized to have low sustainability as membranes need to be replaced and abandoned after reaching the end of their life. At present, only techniques for downcycling end-of-life high-pressure membranes are available. For the first time, this study paves the way for upcycling fouled/end-of-life low-pressure membranes to fabricate new high-pressure membranes for water purification, forming a closed eco-loop of membrane recycling with significantly improved sustainability.

scholarly journals Induction of Promoter DNA Methylation Upon High-Pressure Spraying of Double-Stranded RNA in Plants

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 789
Author(s):  
Athanasios Dalakouras ◽  
Ioannis Ganopoulos
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Double Stranded Rna ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Promoter Sequences ◽  
Promoter Dna Methylation ◽  
Promoter Dna ◽  
First Time ◽  
De Novo Methylation

Exogenous application of RNA molecules is a potent method to trigger RNA interference (RNAi) in plants in a transgene-free manner. So far, all exogenous RNAi (exo-RNAi) applications have aimed to trigger mRNA degradation of a given target. However, the issue of concomitant epigenetic changes was never addressed. Here, we report for the first time that high-pressure spraying of dsRNAs can trigger de novo methylation of promoter sequences in plants.

scholarly journals Influence of High Pressure on the Dimerization of ToxR, a Protein Involved in Bacterial Signal Transduction

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (24) ◽  
pp. 7821-7823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Linke ◽  
Nagarajan Periasamy ◽  
Matthias Ehrmann ◽  
Roland Winter ◽  
Rudi F. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Signal Transduction ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Transmembrane Segments ◽  
Bacterial Signal Transduction ◽  
Reporter Strains ◽  
And Function ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) is suggested to influence the structure and function of membranes and/or integrated proteins. We demonstrate for the first time HHP-induced dimer dissociation of membrane proteins in vivo with Vibrio cholerae ToxR variants in Escherichia coli reporter strains carrying ctx::lacZ fusions. Dimerization ceased at 20 to 50 MPa depending on the nature of the transmembrane segments rather than on changes in the ToxR lipid bilayer environment.

Research on Number of High-Pressure Grouting of Hierarchical Multiple for Slope Based on Reliability Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 716-717 ◽  
pp. 363-369
Author(s):  
Zhen Hua Xie ◽  
Dong Yang ◽  
Sha Sha Liang ◽  
Zhi Yun Jia
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Rock Mass ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Rock Surface ◽  
Rock Permeability ◽  
Iron Mine ◽  
Probability Calculation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pressure Grouting ◽  
First Time

The technology of hierarchical multiple high-pressure grouting is an effective approach to manage high and steep slope of broken rock mass. The number of grouting is one of the key parameters of this technology. By the analysis of mechanics and grouting theory, the anchoring effect mainly is affected by anchor slurry vein and the contact area with rock mass. Based on the system analysis of slurry vein development for first time and many times high-pressure grouting, the process flow for hierarchical multiple high-pressure grouting is put forward. Serve the rock permeability changes before and after grouting as an indicator measuring slurry and rock surface area, the method of determining grouting number based on the reliable probability is got. Combined with the engineering example of Shouyun Iron Mine, this paper puts forward the reliability criteria of working state of hierarchical multiple high-pressure grouting. Through the probability calculation, the best number of grouting is 4 times. The tests of permeability of rock mass and drawing force verify the accuracy of this determination method.

scholarly journals Multi-static spatial and angular studies of polar mesospheric summer echoes combining MAARSY and KAIRA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge L. Chau ◽  
Derek McKay ◽  
Juha P. Vierinen ◽  
Cesar La Hoz ◽  
Thomas Ulich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Wind Fields ◽  
Receiver Array ◽  
Schmidt Numbers ◽  
Summer Echoes ◽  
Imaging Receiver ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
First Time

Abstract. Polar mesospheric summer echoes (PMSEs) have been long associated with Noctilucent clouds (NLCs). For large ice particles sizes and relatively high ice densities, PMSE and NLCs have been shown to be highly correlated at 3-m Bragg wavelengths and are known to be good tracers of the atmospheric wind dynamics. Combining the Middle Atmosphere ALOMAR Radar System (MAARSY) and the Kilpisjärvi Atmospheric Imaging Receiver Array (KAIRA), i.e., monostatic and bistatic observations, we show for the first time direct evidence of limited-volume PMSE structures drifting more than 90 km almost unchanged. These structures are shown to have widths of 5–15 km and are separated by 20–60 kms, consistent with structures due to atmospheric waves previously observed in NLCs from the ground and from space. Given the lower sensitivity of KAIRA, the observed features are attributed to echoes from regions with high Schmidt numbers that provide a large radar cross-section. The bistatic geometry allows us to determine an upper value for the angular sensitivity of PMSE echoes at meter scales. We find no evidence for strong aspect sensitivity for PMSE echoes, which is consistent with recent observations using radar imaging approaches. Our results indicate that multi-static all-sky interferometric radar observations of PMSE could be a powerful tool for studying mesospheric wind-fields within large geographic areas.

scholarly journals Evidence for the charge disproportionation of iron in extraterrestrial bridgmanite

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. eaay7893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Bindi ◽  
Sang-Heon Shim ◽  
Thomas G. Sharp ◽  
Xiande Xie
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Metallic Iron ◽  
Valence State ◽  
Lower Mantle ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Mixed Valence ◽  
Disproportionation Reaction ◽  
Redox Processes ◽  
Charge Disproportionation ◽  
Suizhou Meteorite

Bridgmanite, MgSiO3 with perovskite structure, is considered the most abundant mineral on Earth. On the lower mantle, it contains Fe and Al that strongly influence its behavior. Experimentalists have debated whether iron may exist in a mixed valence state, coexistence of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in bridgmanite, through charge disproportionation. Here, we report the discovery of Fe-rich aluminous bridgmanite coexisting with metallic iron in a shock vein of the Suizhou meteorite. This is the first direct evidence in nature of the Fe disproportionation reaction, which so far has only been observed in some high-pressure experiments. Furthermore, our discovery supports the idea that the disproportionation reaction would have played a key role in redox processes and the evolution of Earth.

High-pressure and high-temperature sintering of nanostructured bulk NiAl materials

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 2089-2096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanmin Wang ◽  
Duanwei He ◽  
Yongtao Zou ◽  
Jianjun Wei ◽  
Li Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Indentation Hardness ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
High Pressure And Temperature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Pressure Sintering ◽  
Tentative Interpretation ◽  
Surface Shell ◽  
First Time

Nanostructured bulk NiAl materials were prepared at high pressure and temperature (0–5.0 GPa and 600–1500 °C, respectively). The sintered samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, density, and indentation hardness measurements. The results show that NiAl nanoparticles may have a compressed surface shell, which may be the reason why NiAl nanomaterials were difficult to densify sintering using conventional methods and why high-pressure sintering was an effective approach. We also observed that B2-structured NiAl could undergo a temperature-dependent phase transition and could be transformed into Al0.9Ni4.22 below 1000 °C for the first time. It is interesting to note that Vickers hardness decreased as grain size decreased below ∼30 nm, indicating that the inverse Hall-Petch effect may be observed in nano-polycrystalline NiAl (n-NiAl) samples. Moreover, a tentative interpretation was developed for high-pressure nanosintering, based on the shell-core model of nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Direct evidence of charge separation in a metal–organic framework: efficient and selective photocatalytic oxidative coupling of amines via charge and energy transfer

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 3152-3158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caiyun Xu ◽  
Hang Liu ◽  
Dandan Li ◽  
Ji-Hu Su ◽  
Hai-Long Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Charge Separation ◽  
Oxidative Coupling ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Organic Framework

For the first time, the photoexcited charge separation in a metal–organic framework has been evidenced with clear ESR signals, based on efficient and selective photocatalytic oxidative coupling of amines.

scholarly journals Double negative T cells, a potential biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Jessy J Alexander ◽  
Alexander Jacob ◽  
Anthony Chang ◽  
Richard J Quigg ◽  
James N Jarvis
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Pediatric Lupus ◽  
First Time

Abstract Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that is a challenge to diagnose and treat. There is an urgent need for biomarkers to help define organ involvement, and more effective therapies. A unique population of T cells, the CD3+CD4−CD8− (DNeg) cells, is significantly increased in lupus patients. Twenty-seven cases (53%) of pediatric SLE patients had elevated DNeg cells in their peripheral blood, which correlated with kidney function (R2 = 0.54). Significant infiltration of DNeg cells was observed in both adult and pediatric lupus kidneys by immunofluorescence. For the first time, this study provides direct evidence that DNeg cells facilitate kidney injury in preclinical 8-week-old MRL/lpr lupus mice. In lupus mice, the increase in DNeg cells tracked with worsening disease and correlated with kidney function (R2 = 0.85). Our results show that DNeg cells per se can cause kidney dysfunction, increase in number with increase in disease pathology, and could serve as a potential biomarker.

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