scholarly journals Modulation of amyloid-β aggregation by metal complexes with a dual binding mode and their delivery across the blood-brain barrier using focused ultrasound

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramon Vilar ◽  
Tiffany G Chan ◽  
Carmen Ruehl ◽  
Sophie Morse ◽  
Michelle Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Binding Mode ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Amyloid Β Peptide ◽  
Blood Brain

One of the key hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease is the aggregation of the amyloid-β peptide to form fibrils. Consequently, there has been great interest in studying molecules that can disrupt...

Circulating amyloid-β peptide crosses the blood–brain barrier in aged monkeys and contributes to Alzheimer's disease lesions

2002 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 303-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmina B Mackic ◽  
James Bading ◽  
Jorge Ghiso ◽  
Larry Walker ◽  
Thomas Wisniewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Amyloid Β Peptide ◽  
Blood Brain

scholarly journals Extensive frontal focused ultrasound mediated blood–brain barrier opening for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: a proof-of-concept study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
So Hee Park ◽  
Kyoungwon Baik ◽  
Seun Jeon ◽  
Won Seok Chang ◽  
Byoung Seok Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Standardized Uptake Value ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Cortical Region ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Bbb Opening

Abstract Background Focused ultrasound (FUS)-mediated blood–brain barrier (BBB) opening has shown efficacy in removal of amyloid plaque and improvement of cognitive functions in preclinical studies, but this is rarely reported in clinical studies. This study was conducted to evaluate the safety, feasibility and potential benefits of repeated extensive BBB opening. Methods In this open-label, prospective study, six patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) were enrolled at Severance Hospital in Korea between August 2020 and September 2020. Five of them completed the study. FUS-mediated BBB opening, targeting the bilateral frontal lobe regions over 20 cm3, was performed twice at three-month intervals. Magnetic resonance imaging, 18F-Florbetaben (FBB) positron emission tomography, Caregiver-Administered Neuropsychiatric Inventory (CGA-NPI) and comprehensive neuropsychological tests were performed before and after the procedures. Results FUS targeted a mean volume of 21.1 ± 2.7 cm3 and BBB opening was confirmed at 95.7% ± 9.4% of the targeted volume. The frontal-to-other cortical region FBB standardized uptake value ratio at 3 months after the procedure showed a slight decrease, which was statistically significant, compared to the pre-procedure value (− 1.6%, 0.986 vs1.002, P = 0.043). The CGA-NPI score at 2 weeks after the second procedure significantly decreased compared to baseline (2.2 ± 3.0 vs 8.6 ± 6.0, P = 0.042), but recovered after 3 months (5.2 ± 5.8 vs 8.6 ± 6.0, P = 0.89). No adverse effects were observed. Conclusions The repeated and extensive BBB opening in the frontal lobe is safe and feasible for patients with AD. In addition, the BBB opening is potentially beneficial for amyloid removal in AD patients.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Amyloid-β Deposition and Blood–Brain Barrier Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Wang ◽  
Fanglian Chen ◽  
Zhaoli Han ◽  
Zhenyu Yin ◽  
Xintong Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Normal Metabolism

Amyloid-β (Aβ) is the predominant pathologic protein in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The production and deposition of Aβ are important factors affecting AD progression and prognosis. The deposition of neurotoxic Aβ contributes to damage of the blood–brain barrier. However, the BBB is also crucial in maintaining the normal metabolism of Aβ, and dysfunction of the BBB aggravates Aβ deposition. This review characterizes Aβ deposition and BBB damage in AD, summarizes their interactions, and details their respective mechanisms.

scholarly journals Vasculotide restores the blood-brain barrier after focused ultrasound-induced permeability in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 482-493
Author(s):  
Madelaine Lynch ◽  
Stefan Heinen ◽  
Kelly Markham-Coultes ◽  
Meaghan O'Reilly ◽  
Paul Van Slyke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease

scholarly journals Ultrasound-mediated blood-brain barrier disruption improves anti-pyroglutamate3 Aβ antibody efficacy and enhances phagocyte infiltration into brain in aged Alzheimer’s disease-like mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaoqiao Shi ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
Yongzhi Zhang ◽  
Chanikarn Power ◽  
Camilla Hoesch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Spatial Learning And Memory ◽  
Blood Brain

AbstractPyroglutamate-3 amyloid-β (pGlu3 Aβ) is an N-terminally modified, toxic form of amyloid-β that is present in cerebral amyloid plaques and vascular deposits. Using the Fc-competent murine anti-pGlu3 Aβ monoclonal antibody (mAb), 07/2a, we present here a nonpharmacological approach using focused ultrasound (FUS) with intravenous (i.v.) injection of microbubbles (MB) to facilitate i.v. delivery of the 07/2a mAb across the blood brain barrier (BBB) in order to improve Aβ removal and restore memory in aged APP/PS1 mice, an Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-like model of amyloidogenesis.Compared to sham-treated controls, aged APP/PS1 mice treated with 07/2a immediately prior to FUS-mediated BBB disruption (mAb + FUS-BBBD combination treatment) showed significantly better spatial learning and memory in the Water T Maze. FUS-BBBD treatment alone improved contextual fear learning and memory in aged WT and APP/PS1 mice, respectively. APP/PS1 mice given the combination treatment had reduced Aβ42 and pGlu3 Aβ hippocampal plaque burden compared to PBS-treated APP/PS1 mice.Hippocampal synaptic puncta density and synaptosomal synaptic protein levels were also higher in APP/PS1 mice treated with 07/2a just prior to BBB disruption. Increased Iba-1+ microglia were observed in the hippocampi of AD mice treated with 07/2a with and without FUS-BBBD, and APP/PS1 mice that received hippocampal BBB disruption and 07/2a showed increased Ly6G+ monocytes in hippocampal CA3. FUS-induced BBB disruption did not increase the incidence of microhemorrhage in mice with or without 07/2a mAb treatment.Our findings suggest that FUS is useful tool that may enhance delivery of an anti-pGlu3 Aβ mAb for immunotherapy. FUS-mediated BBB disruption in combination with the 07/2a mAb also appears to facilitate monocyte infiltration in this AD model. Overall, these effects resulted in greater sparing of synapses and improved cognitive function without causing overt damage, suggesting the possibility of FUS as a noninvasive method to increase the therapeutic efficacy in AD patients.

scholarly journals Alzheimer’s disease: A matter of blood–brain barrier dysfunction?

2017 ◽  
Vol 214 (11) ◽  
pp. 3151-3169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Montagne ◽  
Zhen Zhao ◽  
Berislav V. Zlokovic
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Neurodegenerative Process ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) keeps neurotoxic plasma-derived components, cells, and pathogens out of the brain. An early BBB breakdown and/or dysfunction have been shown in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) before dementia, neurodegeneration and/or brain atrophy occur. However, the role of BBB breakdown in neurodegenerative disorders is still not fully understood. Here, we examine BBB breakdown in animal models frequently used to study the pathophysiology of AD, including transgenic mice expressing human amyloid-β precursor protein, presenilin 1, and tau mutations, and apolipoprotein E, the strongest genetic risk factor for AD. We discuss the role of BBB breakdown and dysfunction in neurodegenerative process, pitfalls in BBB measurements, and how targeting the BBB can influence the course of neurological disorder. Finally, we comment on future approaches and models to better define, at the cellular and molecular level, the underlying mechanisms between BBB breakdown and neurodegeneration as a basis for developing new therapies for BBB repair to control neurodegeneration.

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