scholarly journals Research progress in self-oscillating polymer brushes

RSC Advances ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1366-1374
Author(s):  
Bao-ying Zhang ◽  
Hai-nan Luo ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Yang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Brushes ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Polymer brushes possess unique changes in physical and chemical properties when they are exposed to external stimuli and have a wide range of applications.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of the Physicochemical Properties of Hydrated C60 Fullerene Solutions in a Wide Range of Dilutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Yablonskaya ◽  
E. Buravleva ◽  
K. Novikov ◽  
V. Voeikov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Buffering Capacity ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Aqueous Systems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Dilutions ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Control Water ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Hydrated fullerene C60 (HyFn) is a supramolecular object in which the nanosized fullerene molecule is enclosed in a multilayer shell of water molecules. Despite the fact that fullerene C60 is chemically rather inert, aqueous solutions of HyFn exhibit a wide spectrum of biological activity in particular in low and ultra-low concentrations. Thus, physical and chemical properties of aqueous solutions of HyFn in a wide range of its dilutions are of interest. Here we compared some physical and chemical properties of aqueous systems prepared by successive 100-fold dilutions of HyFn (10–7 M) with deionized water, with their intensive shaking at each stage up to the calculated HyFn concentration of 10–31 M and of the corresponding “dilutions” of deionized water prepared in the same manner (controls). We studied the character of рН changes in dilutions when titrating them with HCl and NaOH. It turned out that HyFn dilutions had significantly higher buffering capacity against acidification with HCl than control water “dilutions.” At the highest acidity reached pH in all HyFn dilutions was almost 0.3 units higher than in the respective controls. Average buffering capacity of HyFn dilutions and water controls when titrated with NaOH did not differ. However, differences in buffering capacity could be seen between consecutive dilutions of HyFn at their titration either with NaOH or with HCl. Most prominent differences were observed between consecutive HyFn dilutions in the range of calculated concentrations 10–17–10–31 M titrated with NaOH while no significant differences in pH between equivalent “dilutions” of control water were observed. Similar though less prominent variations in buffering capacity between consecutive HyFn dilutions titrated with HCl were also noticed. Thus, titration with an acid and especially with an alkali made it possible to reveal differences between individual dilutions of HyFn, as well as differences between HyFn dilutions and corresponding dilutions of water. These features may be due to complexity in the structural properties of aqueous systems, which, supposedly, can arise due to the emergence of heterogenous aqueous regions (“clouds”) in the course of their dilutions with intensive mixing at each stage. In order to find out if such heterogeneity is a characteristic for HyFn dilutions we used the method of drying microsphere-containing droplets, whose aqueous base were either HyFn dilutions in the range of calculated HyFn concentration 10–7–10–31 M or respective water controls. It was found that a significant part of HyFn dilutions is characterized by mesoscopic heterogeneity. It showed up by the tendency of microspheres to concentrate in a specific way resembling ornaments once the droplets had dried. As the degree of HyFn dilution increased, the number of dried droplets with an ornament-like microsphere distribution increased. Same was also observed in water control drops. However, for the dilutions of HyFn equivalent to concentrations 10–19–10–31 M the percentage of complexly structured dried up droplets reached 60–80%, while for dried out drops of respective water controls it did not exceed 15–20%. Thus, the physicochemical properties of high dilutions of hydrated fullerene differ not only from each other dependently on the dilution level, but also from those of high dilutions of water, which can be explained by the structuredness and heterogeneity of these aqueous systems. Therefore, upon dilution process the properties of the solutions change according to complex and non-linear laws so that final dilutions cannot be identical in their properties and features to those of the initial solutions (before dilutions process) and to the untreated water. Dilution process, in view of the aforementioned, should not be underestimated when analyzing properties of the solutions, having shown to be able to affect dramatically properties of the solutions.

scholarly journals Effects of pyrolysis parameters on the yield and properties of biochar from pelletized sunflower husk

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Wystalska ◽  
Krystyna Malińska ◽  
Renata Włodarczyk ◽  
Olga Chajczyk
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Agriculture And Food ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Pyrolysis of biomass residues from agriculture and food processing industry allows production of biochars with diverse physical and chemical properties for a wide range of applications in agriculture and environmental protection. Biochars produced from pelletized sunflower husks through slow pyrolysis in the range of temperatures (480–580°C) showed total carbon of 70.53%–81.96%, total nitrogen of 1.2%, alkaline pH (9.37–10.32), low surface area (0.93–2.91 m2 g-1) and porosity of 13.23–15.43%. Higher pyrolysis temperatures resulted in lower biochar yields. With the increase in temperature the content of organic matter, nitrogen, Ca and Mg decreased whereas the increase in temperature resulted in higher contents of total carbon and phosphorus. Produced biochars showed potential for agricultural applications.

Sensing Uric Acid with Bimetallic Nano Ag-Pt Particles

2013 ◽  
Vol 543 ◽  
pp. 72-75
Author(s):  
Balakrishnan Karthikeyan ◽  
Marimuthu Murugavelu
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Major Product ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The emergence of nanoparticles (NPs) has opened new opportunities in analytical chemistry [. These NPs exhibit different properties and functionalities when compared to monometallic particles. In particular, they show enhanced selectivity and reactivity when used as catalysts and sensors [2-. The NPs have large surface area, high surface free energy, good biocompatibility and suitability, and it has been used in constructing electrochemical biosensors [7, . The fascinating physical and chemical properties of NPs offer excellent prospects for a wide range of bio sensing applications [ . Uric acid (UA) is the principal final product of purine metabolism in the human body [1. It has been shown that extreme abnormalities of UA levels are symptoms of several diseases (e.g. gout, hyper uricaemia and LeschNyhan syndrome)[11,1.In general, electro active UA can be irreversibly oxidized in aqueous solution and the major product is allantoin [1. In continuation of our interest with the bimetal nanoparticle (BNP) sensing here in this study, we employed Ag/Pt BNPs for detecting of UA.

Physical and Chemical Properties of Silicon Dioxide Film Deposited by New Process

1987 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuji Goda ◽  
Hirotsugu Nagayama ◽  
Akihiro Hishinuma ◽  
Hideo Kawahara
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Dioxide ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Etching Rate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Silicon Dioxide Film ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

AbstractA new coating process of silicon dioxide (SiO2) “LPD” process, has been developed recently. Silicon dioxide (SiO2) film can be deposited on any substrate at the room temperature by immersing in hexafluorosilicic acid (H2SiF6).In this study, physical and chemical properties of the “LPD- SiO2” film were investigated by using XPS, IR, ellipsometry, and etch rate measurement. The properties of this film deposited at the room temperature were almost the same as those of plasma CVD. The “LPD-SiO2” film without annealing was contained traces of F and OH. However, by annealing, F and OH were rapidly evaporated from the film and the film was getting densified.As the “LPD-SiO2” film deposited at the room temperature showed very good results of chemical etching rate and of step coverage, it is expected that it is possible to use this “LPD- SiO2” film in the wide range of industrial area.

Functionalized and Degradable Polyphthalaldehyde Derivatives

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Patrick Lutz ◽  
Oleg Davydovich ◽  
Matthew Hannigan ◽  
Jeffrey S. Moore ◽  
Paul M. Zimmerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Ceiling Temperature ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Judicious Choice ◽  
Degradable Materials ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

<div><p>Polymers that depolymerize back to monomers can be repeatedly chemically recycled, thereby reducing their environmental impact. Polyphthalaldehyde is a metastable polymer that is rapidly and quantitatively depolymerized due to its low ceiling temperature. However, the effect of substitution on the physical and chemical properties of polyphthalaldehyde derivatives has not been systematically studied. Herein, we investigate the cationic polymerization of seven distinct <i>o</i>‑phthalaldehyde derivatives and demonstrate that judicious choice of substituents results in materials with a wide range of ceiling temperatures (from < –60 to 106 °C) and decomposition temperatures (109–196 °C). We anticipate that these new polymers and their derivatives will enable researchers to access degradable materials with tunable thermal, physical, and chemical properties.</p></div>

Effect of Nickel on Living Organism and the Research Progress

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 310-314
Author(s):  
Ming Da Liu ◽  
Xiao Ming Ji ◽  
Yao Jing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Rare Metal ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Nickel is a kind of rare metal which is widely distributed in the earth's crust, and is mainly used in manufacturing alloy. Nickel is a trace element essential to animals and plants growth and development, but high concentration of nickel will hamper the growth of plants and animals, and even produce toxic effects. This paper summarizes the physical and chemical properties of nickel, the sources of organisms exposed to nickel and the influence of different concentrations of nickel on animal and plant, and summarizes the relevant research progress.

scholarly journals Evaluation Abu-Dleek Sheep Leathers Properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Nasr AI
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Hot Climate ◽  
Chrome Tanning ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Animal Hair ◽  
Vegetable Tanning ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abu-Dleek sheep are from animal hair producers and live under arid conditions and hot climate. This study aims to evaluate the physical and chemical properties of Abu-Dleek tanned leathers. Fifteen sheep skins were collected and divided into three tanning groups; chrome tanning, vegetable tanning with quebracho and vegetable tanning with mimosa. After tanning, all tanned leathers were tested physically and chemically. Data showed increments in tensile strengh, tearing strengh, bursing stretch, permeabiliy of water vapor, pH and ash values of chrome tanned leathers versus vegetable tanned leathers. The results declared the superurity of the chrome tanned leathers’ quality, while quebrcho tanned leathers’ quality was surpased mimosa tanned leathers. It could be concluded the convenient of Abu-Dleek tanned leathers to be used in a wide range of manufacuring purposes like garments, bags and lining.

scholarly journals DIVISION VI: INTERSTELLAR MATTER

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (T27A) ◽  
pp. 267-272
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Millar ◽  
You Hua Chu ◽  
John E. Dyson ◽  
Dieter Breitschwerdt ◽  
Michael G. Burton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milky Way ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Interstellar Matter ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Division VI provides a focus for astronomers studying a wide range of problems related to the physical and chemical properties of interstellar matter in the Milky Way and other galaxies.

The Thermal Decomposition Characteristics of Sodium Pyroxenite Gangue in Baiyunebo Iron Ore

2014 ◽  
Vol 887-888 ◽  
pp. 939-946
Author(s):  
Guo Ping Luo ◽  
Sheng Li Wu ◽  
Xiao Long Nie ◽  
Yi Ci Wang ◽  
Yue Cong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The changes of physical and chemical properties of sodium pyroxenite gangue such as decomposition and phase transformation were researched by means of differential thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction. The results show that the natural sodium pyroxenite gangue contains the main mineral of aegirite(NaFe+3Si2O6), and it contains a number of BaSO4 and Na3Ca2(SO4)3F, etc. The water of crystallization decomposes at 554.7°C. The Na3Ca2(SO4)3F decomposes into the composite sulfate and CaF2 over a wide range of temperatures. The main mineral of aegirite(NaFe+3Si2O6) reacts with CaF2 into NaF gas at 993.4°C. The sodium pyroxenite gangue is melts and releases a small amount of SiF4 gas in the range of 1193.5-1300.7°C.

scholarly journals SiO2@TiO2 Composite Synthesis and Its Hydrophobic Applications: A Review

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Alicia Rosales ◽  
Karen Esquivel
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Methods Of Synthesis ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Titanium dioxide is well known for its photocatalytic properties and low toxicity, meanwhile, silicone dioxide exhibits hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties and thermal stability. The union of these two materials offers a composite material with a wide range of applications that relate directly to the combined properties. The SiO2-TiO2 composite has been synthesized through physical methods and chemical methods and, with adequate conditions, morphology, crystallinity, boundaries between SiO2-TiO2, among other properties, can be controlled. Thus, the applications of this composite are wide for surface applications, being primarily used as powder or coating. However, the available research information on this kind of composite material is still novel, therefore research in this field is still needed in order to clarify all the physical and chemical properties of the material. This review aims to encompass the available methods of synthesis of SiO2-TiO2 composite with modifiers or dopants, the application and known chemical and physical properties in surfaces such as glass, mortar and textile, including aspects for the development of this material.

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