scholarly journals Estimation of total energy requirement for sewage treatment by a microbial fuel cell with a one-meter air-cathode assuming Michaelis–Menten COD degradation

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (33) ◽  
pp. 20036-20045
Author(s):  
Taiki Yamane ◽  
Naoko Yoshida ◽  
Mari Sugioka
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Air Cathode

Calculations of chemical oxygen demand (COD) degradation in sewage by a microbial fuel cell (MFC) were used to estimate the total energy required for treatment of the sewage.

scholarly journals Variasi Konsentrasi Air Limbah Proses Pencucian Pulp pada Membraneless Air Cathode Microbial Fuel Cell

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Krisna Adhitya Wardhana ◽  
Agus Jatnika Effendi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Air Cathode ◽  
Washing Process ◽  
Positive Effect

Membraneless-Microbial Fuel Cell (ML-MFC) satu kompartemen dengan katoda kontak udara saat ini sedang dikembangkan dan menjadi alternatif solusi untuk sumber energi terbarukan yang mampu menghasilkan listrik dari proses degradasi substrat. MFC membutuhkan substrat yang kaya senyawa organik seperti air limbah dari proses pencucian pulp. Pada air limbah ini terdapat lindi hitam dalam kondisi terencerkan yang mengandung lignin dan kaya senyawa organik sehingga memiliki potensi untuk digunakan sebagai substrat dalam reaktor MFC. Selain itu, penggunaan substrat berupa air limbah industri memiliki efek yang baik terhadap lingkungan karena berkontribusi dalam pengurangan kontaminan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi awal Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) air limbah pencucian pulp sebagai substrat terhadap arus dan voltase listrik yang terjadi dalam MFC. Dalam penelitian ini, reaktor MFC mengolah air limbah pencucian secara batch dengan 4 variasi konsentrasi COD yaitu 613 mg/L, 833 mg/L, 940 mg/L, dan 1620 mg/L dengan pH 8,91 - 10,03. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan MFC mampu mereduksi COD air limbah pencucian pulp sebesar 34 - 48%. Terkait potensi listrik, akumulasi arus listrik yang terjadi pada MFC sebesar 12,67- 39,17 mA/m2 pada kisaran voltase tertinggi dari 4 reaktor sebesar 214 - 287 mV. The Concentration Variation of Wastewater From Pulp Washing Process in Membraneless Air Cathode Microbial Fuel CellA one compartment Membraneless-Microbial Fuel Cell (ML-MFC) with an air cathode was recently developed and became alternative solution for renewable energy sources to generate electricity from substrate degradation. MFC needs proper substrate that was rich in organic content such as wastewater from pulp washing process. The wastewater contains black liquor that was already diluted and contains lignin and high organic content, so that it would be potential as MFC substrate. Furthermore, the utilization of industrial wastewater as substrate can contribute positive effect to the environment namely contaminant reduction. This research was conducted to understand the effect of initial Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) concentration of wastewater from pulp washing process to electricity current and voltage occured from MFC. The wastewater from pulp washing process with 4 initial COD concentrations (61, 833, 940, and 1620 mg/L) and pH ranged from 8,91 to 10,03 were batch treated in a batch system using the MFC. The results showed that 34-48% COD removal can be performed by MFC. Related with electricity potency from MFC, electricity accumulation current happened on 12,67 mA/m2 - 39,17 mA/m2 at highest voltage from 4 reactors of 214-287 mV.

Effect of Different Mediators on Bio-Energy Generation and Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment in an Air-Cathode Microbial Fuel Cell-Adsorption System

2021 ◽  
Vol 411 ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Ivy Ai Wei Tan ◽  
J.R. Selvanathan ◽  
M.O. Abdullah ◽  
N. Abdul Wahab ◽  
D. Kanakaraju
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Adsorption System ◽  
Air Cathode ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) discharged without treatment into watercourses can pollute the water source. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) has gained high attention as a green technology of converting organic wastewater into bio-energy. As an approach to overcome the limitations of the existing POME treatment methods, air-cathode MFC-Adsorption system is introduced as an innovative technology to treat POME and generate bio-electricity simultaneously. However, the use of conventional MFC with proton exchange membrane in large scale applications is restricted by the high cost and low power generation. Addition of mediator in MFC is essential in order to increase the electron transfer efficiency, hence enhancing the system performance. This study therefore aims to investigate the effect of different type of mediators i.e. congo red (CR), crystal violet (CV) and methylene blue (MB) on the performance of an affordable air-cathode MFC-Adsorption system made from earthen pot with POME as the substrate. The addition of different mediators altered the pH of the MFC-Adsorption system, in which more alkaline system showed better performance. The voltage generated in the system with CR, CV and MB mediator was 120.58 mV, 168.63 mV and 189.25 mV whereas the current generated was 2.41 mA, 3.37 mA and 3.79 mA, respectively. The power density of 290.79 mW/m3, 568.72 mW/m3 and 716.31 mW/m3 was produced in the MFC-Adsorption system with CR, CV and MB mediator, respectively. The highest POME treatment efficiency was achieved in MFC-Adsorption system with MB mediator, which resulted in biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, turbidity and ammoniacal nitrogen removal of 75.3%, 84.8%, 91.5%, 86.1% and 23.31%, respectively. Overall, the air-cathode MFC-Adsorption system with addition of MB mediator was feasible for POME treatment and simultaneous bio-energy generation.

Performance of denitrifying microbial fuel cell subjected to variation in pH, COD concentration and external resistance

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 250-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Tao Li ◽  
Shao-Hui Zhang ◽  
Yu-Mei Hua
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
External Resistance ◽  
Weakly Alkaline ◽  
Effects Of Ph

The effects of pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration and external resistance on denitrifying microbial fuel cell were evaluated in terms of electricity generation characteristics and pollutant removal performance. The results showed that anodic influent with weakly alkaline or neutral pH and cathodic influent with weakly acidic pH favored pollutant removal and electricity generation. The suitable influent pH of the anode and cathode were found to be 7.5–8.0 and 6.0–6.5, respectively. In the presence of sufficient nitrate in the cathode, higher influent COD concentration led to more electricity generation and greater pollutant removal rates. With an anodic influent pH of 8.0 and a cathodic influent pH of 6.0, an influent COD concentration of 400 mg/L was deemed to be appropriate. Low external resistance favored nitrate and COD removal. The results suggest that operation of denitrifying microbial fuel cell at a lower external resistance would be desirable for pollutant removal but not electricity generation.

scholarly journals Kinerja Membran Komposit Kitosan-Karagenan pada Sistem Microbial Fuel Cell dalam menghasilkan Biolistrik dari Limbah Pemindangan Ikan

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Bustami Ibrahim ◽  
Uju ◽  
Agus Muhamad Soleh
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Oxygen Demand

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) merupakan suatu teknologi yang memanfaatkan mikroba untuk mendegradasi bahan organik dan anorganik menjadi energi listrik, dapat dilakukan menggunakan sistem satu bejana atau dua bejana. Sistem MFC dua bejana menggunakan membran penukar proton yang berfungsi untuk mengalirkan proton yang dihasilkan dari ruang anoda ke ruang katoda, salah satu alternatif membran yang digunakan yaitu komposit kitosan-karagenan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan perbandingan komposit kitosan-karagenan sebagai membran penukar proton pada MFC, menentukan kinerja MFC dalam menghasilkan elektrisitas, serta menentukan kinerja penurunan beban polutan limbah cair pada MFC. Nilai elektrisitas MFC diukur menggunakan multimeter dengan parameter yang diuji adalah tegangan listrik, serta arus listrik. Parameter uji yang digunakan untuk mengukur penurunan beban polutan limbah cair adalah chemical oxygen demand (COD), biologycal oxygen demand (BOD) dan total amonia nitrogen (TAN). Membran komposit kitosan-karagenan dibuat dengan perlakuan perbedaan komposisi kitosan dan karagenan 1:1; 1,5:1; 3:1 (v/v). Perbedaan rasio kitosan dan karagenan pada membran komposit kitosan-karagenan memberikan pengaruh terhadap sifat mekanik membran, nilai elektrisitas MFC, serta beban polutan cair pada MFC. Membran komposit kitosan-karagenan dengan perbandingan 1:1 menghasilkan nilai konduktivitas proton tertinggi sebesar 1,15x10-3 S/cm, kuat tarik tertinggi 7,047 MPa, tegangan listrik 0,97 V, arus 7,02 mA, serta daya listrik 6,84 mW. Nilai COD, BOD, serta TAN limbah cair pemindangan ikan mengalami penurunan sebesar 90%, 76% dan 32%.

scholarly journals Bioelectricity generation from air-cathode microbial fuel cell connected to constructed wetland

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 1990-1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dengming Yan ◽  
Xinshan Song ◽  
Baisha Weng ◽  
Zhilei Yu ◽  
Wuxia Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Fed Batch ◽  
Air Cathode ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Bioelectricity Generation ◽  
N Removal

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the different performance of bioelectricity generation and wastewater treatment between constructed wetland (CW) respectively coupled with air-cathode microbial fuel cell (ACMFC) and microbial fuel cell (MFC) under a fed-batch mode. During a 75-day-operation, the voltage of CW-ACMFC and CW-MFC ranged from 0.36 to 0.52 V and from −0.04 to 0.07 V, indicating that the bioenergy output of CW-ACMFC was significantly higher than that of CW-MFC system. In addition, the maximum of power density of CW-ACMFC and CW-MFC was 4.21 and 0.005 mW m−2. Notably, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NH3-N removal efficiency of CW-ACMFC was slightly higher than that in CW-MFC, which resulted from a higher voltage accelerating the transport of electron donors and the growth of microorganisms and plants. This study possesses a probability of using ACMFC coupled with CW to enhance the pollutant removal performance in CW system.

scholarly journals Microbial Fuel Cell with Ni–Co Cathode Powered with Yeast Wastewater

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Włodarczyk ◽  
Barbara Włodarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Yeast Wastewater

Wastewater originating from the yeast industry is characterized by high concentration of pollutants that need to be reduced before the sludge can be applied, for instance, for fertilization of croplands. As a result of the special requirements associated with the characteristics of this production, huge amounts of wastewater are generated. A microbial fuel cell (MFC) forms a device that can apply wastewater as a fuel. MFC is capable of performing two functions at the same time: wastewater treatment and electricity production. The function of MFC is the production of electricity during bacterial digestion (wastewater treatment). This paper analyzes the possibility of applying yeast wastewater to play the function of a MFC (with Ni–Co cathode). The study was conducted on industrial wastewater from a sewage treatment plant in a factory that processes yeast sewage. The Ni–Co alloy was prepared by application of electrochemical method on a mesh electrode. The results demonstrated that the use of MFC coupled with a Ni–Co cathode led to a reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) by 90% during a period that was similar to the time taken for reduction in COD in a reactor with aeration. The power obtained in the MFC was 6.1 mW, whereas the volume of energy obtained during the operation of the cell (20 days) was 1.27 Wh. Although these values are small, the study found that this process can offer an additional level of wastewater treatment as a huge amount of sewage is generated in the process. This would provide an initial reduction in COD (and save the energy needed to aerate wastewater) as well as offer the means to generate electricity.

Effect of ultrasonic and alkaline pretreatment on sludge degradation and electricity generation by microbial fuel cell

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 2915-2921 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Q. Jiang ◽  
Q. L. Zhao ◽  
K. Wang ◽  
L. L. Wei ◽  
G. D. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Alkaline Pretreatment ◽  
Ultrasonic Pretreatment ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand

Both ultrasonic and alkaline pretreatment of excess sewage sludge were investigated to enhance organic degradation and electricity generation from sludge by the subsequent microbial fuel cell (MFC). The ultrasonic pretreatment showed that the degree of sludge disintegration was directly related to the energy input, ultrasonic density and duration. Alkaline pretreatment demonstrated that more soluble organic matters were released from the sludge with more NaOH dose and longer reaction time, and the degree of sludge disintegration within 30 min accounted for 45–76% of that for 24 h. When ultrasonic and alkaline pretreatment were combined, the released chemical oxygen demand (COD) was higher than those with ultrasonic or alkaline pretreatment alone. Ultrasonic and alkaline (pH=11) pretreatment could enhance electricity generation from sludge by the subsequent MFC, resulting in more degradation of total COD (TCOD) and volatile solids (VS). Slight change in power output from the MFC was observed due to the higher soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) in the pretreated sludge. By using the combined ultrasonic and alkaline pretreatment of sludge, the removal efficiencies of TCOD and VS were increased from 27.1% to 61.0% and 35.2% to 62.9% in comparison with raw sludge, respectively, and the power output in MFC was slightly increased from 10.3 W/m3 to 12.5 W/m3.

scholarly journals Removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and heavy metals by catalytic ozonation–microbial fuel cell and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans leaching in flotation wastewater (FW)

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (12) ◽  
pp. 2328-2336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenzhong Bian ◽  
Yali Feng ◽  
Haoran Li ◽  
Zhuwei Du
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
Platinum Catalyst ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Catalytic Ozonation ◽  
Standard Chinese ◽  
Leaching Parameters

Abstract A catalytic ozonation–microbial fuel cell and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans leaching process was used in treating flotation wastewater to remove chemical oxygen demand (COD) and heavy metals in this study. The results indicated that when adding 1 g/L of manganese/modified activated carbon catalyst and 1.5 g/min ozone flow, the COD could be degraded from 2,043.67 mg/L to 711.4 mg/L. After that, the COD could continue decreasing down to 72.56 mg/L through an air-cathode single chamber microbial fuel cell (SCMFCs), coated with 0.4 mg/cm2 platinum catalyst, after 15 days. Meanwhile, the maximum voltages and the ultimate power density of the SCMFCs reached 378.96 mV and 7,608.35 mW/m2, respectively. For filter residue, when 1.2 g/L Fe3+, 10% (m/v) filter residue, and 10% Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans were added, the copper leaching rate could reach 92.69% after 7 days if the pH values were adjusted to 1.9. Furthermore, the other heavy metals were also decreased to a level lower than the pollution control standard (Chinese standard GB3838-2002). The leaching parameters in terms of pH, redox potential, and cyclic voltammetry showed that the addition of an appropriate concentration of Fe3+ to the leaching systems was beneficial to copper dissolution.

scholarly journals Pengolahan Limbah Cair Organik dengan Microbial Fuel Cell

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyu Rinaldi ◽  
Yudha Nurdin ◽  
Syahiddin Syahiddin ◽  
Wulan Windari ◽  
Cut Putri Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Oxygen Demand

Penelitian ini mengusulkan sebuah prototipe reaktor microbial fuel cell (MFC) tanpa membran beraliran kontinyu. Dinding Reaktor dibuat dari pipa PVC dan elektroda dari serat karbon. Mikroba yang ditambatkan di anoda bersumber dari larutan FloTank®. Pada penelitian ini digunakan limbah organik artifisial yang dibuat dari glukosa monohidrat dengan konsentrasi 250 mg/L COD. Waktu tinggal limbah divariasikan pada 0,5; 1; 1,5; dan 2 hari. Nilai rata-rata daya listrik yang dihasilkan untuk waktu tinggal limbah 0,5; 1; 1,5; dan 2 hari berturut-turut adalah 38,02; 43,01; 45,35; 46,71 mW/m2, dan daya volumetrik yang dihasilkan adalah 111,25; 125,86; 132,71; dan 136,69 mW/m3. Persentase penurunan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) limbah paling tinggi diperoleh pada waktu tinggal 1,5 hari yaitu sebesar 32,26%.

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