Hydrothermal magic for the synthesis of new bismuth oxides

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Saiduzzaman ◽  
Takahiro Takei ◽  
Nobuhiro Kumada
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Mixed Valence ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Bismuth Oxides

The hydrothermal method is an interesting synthesis process for obtaining new phases. Many bismuth oxides with trivalent (Bi3+), pentavalent (Bi5+), and mixed-valence bismuth (Bi3+ and Bi5+) have been synthesized by...

Electrochemical Performance of Cu2SO3•CuSO3•2H2O Synthesized by Hydrothermal Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 538-541 ◽  
pp. 2405-2408
Author(s):  
Duo Wang ◽  
Ai Dong Tang
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Mixed Valence ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Initial Discharge ◽  
Battery Electrode ◽  
Low Charge ◽  
Discharge Test

The mixed valence copper Cu2SO3•CuSO3•2H2O with durian-like was synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method at 80 °C. The double sulfites obtained were identified by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrochemical performance of the salt was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and charge-discharge test as the lithium ion battery electrode material. The electrode exhibited high initial discharge capacity but extremely low charge capacity, which illustrates that Cu2SO3•CuSO3•2H2O is not suitable for lithium ion battery electrode negative material.

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of mixed-valence manganese fluorophosphate and analogues with clathrate-like structures: MnIII6F12(PO3(OH))8[Na8(Kx(H3O)4−x(H2O)2)MIV(OH)6] (MIV = Mn, Ti, Ge)

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (17) ◽  
pp. 7960-7966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Jian Ren ◽  
Jing-Quan Wang ◽  
Ya-Xi Huang ◽  
Zhi-Mei Sun ◽  
Yuanming Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Mixed Valence ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization

A water-deficient hydrothermal method has been applied to synthesize the first-ever, mixed- and high-valence manganese (Mn3+/Mn4+) fluorophosphate with a clathrate-like structure.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF SPINEL STRUCTURE IN SYNTHESIS PROCESS OF Li1.37Mn2O4 USING HYDROTHERMAL METHOD

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Purawiardi ◽  
Etty Wigayati
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Spinel Structure ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Tetragonal Structure ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Xrd And Tem

FORMATION OF SPINEL STRUCTURE IN SYNTHESIS PROCESS OF Li1.37Mn2O4 USING HYDROTHERMAL METHOD. Li1.37Mn2O4 is one form of Li1+xMn2O4 which is engineered from LiMn2O4 phase which is commonly used as a lithium cathode active ingredient. The crucial thing from Li1.37Mn2O4 synthesis is the spinel structure that is formed. This study aims to observe when the spinel structure of Li1.37Mn2O4 starts and when the transformation from a tetragonal structure into spinel occurs. The raw materials used are tetragonal LiOH and tetragonal MnO2. The synthesis was carried out using a hydrothermal method with a temperature of 200 oC with a variation of holding times of 50, 70, 90 and 110 hours. Observation of spinel structure was carried out using XRD and TEM. The results obtained were at the holding times of 50 and 70 hours, the spinel structure had not been formed. The spinel structure begins to form at 90 hours holding time which also indicates that the transformation from the tetragonal structure to spinel occurs at such holding time. The result of a 90-hour holding time is a regular spinel structure but there are still many Mn and Mn-O –based impurities. While the results of the 110-hour holding time produce a perfect yet irregular transformation of the spinel structure.

scholarly journals Synthesis of X-Zeolite from Waste Basalt Powder and its Influencing Factors and Synthesis Mechanism

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 3895
Author(s):  
Guojun Ke ◽  
Haichen Shen ◽  
Pengfei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Crystallization Temperature ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Alkali Basalt ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Zeolite X ◽  
Synthesis Mechanism ◽  
Alkali Fusion

Traditional hydrothermal method (TH) and alkali fusion-assisted hydrothermal method (AFH) were evaluated for the preparation of zeolites from waste basalt powder by using NaOH as the activation reagent in this study. The synthesized products were characterized by BET, XRD, FTIR and SEM. The effects of acid treatment, alkali/basalt ratio, calcination temperature and crystallization temperature on the synthesis process were studied. The results showed that AFH successfully synthesized zeolite X with higher crystallinity and no zeolite was formed by TH. The specific surface area of synthetic zeolite X was 486.46 m2·g−1, which was much larger than that of original basalt powder (12.12 m2·g−1). Acid treatment and calcination temperature had no effect on zeolite types, but acid treatment improved the yield and quality of zeolite. Alkali/basalt ratio and crystallization temperature not only affected the crystallinity of synthesized zeolites but also affected its type. The optimum synthesis condition of zeolite X are as follows: acid treatment of 5 wt% HCl solution, NaOH/basalt ratio of 1:1, a calcination temperature of 650 °C and crystallization temperature of 120 °C. The work shows that basalt can be used as a raw material to prepare zeolite.

Characterization of a monolayer graphitic structure

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 760-761
Author(s):  
X. Lin ◽  
X. K. Wang ◽  
V. P. Dravid ◽  
J. B. Ketterson ◽  
R. P. H. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Graphitic Structure ◽  
Positive Gaussian Curvature ◽  
Graphitic Sheet ◽  
Structural And Electronic Properties ◽  
New Material ◽  
Hexagonal Network

For small curvatures of a graphitic sheet, carbon atoms can maintain their preferred sp2 bonding while allowing the sheet to have various three-dimensional geometries, which may have exotic structural and electronic properties. In addition the fivefold rings will lead to a positive Gaussian curvature in the hexagonal network, and the sevenfold rings cause a negative one. By combining these sevenfold and fivefold rings with sixfold rings, it is possible to construct complicated carbon sp2 networks. Because it is much easier to introduce pentagons and heptagons into the single-layer hexagonal network than into the multilayer network, the complicated morphologies would be more common in the single-layer graphite structures. In this contribution, we report the observation and characterization of a new material of monolayer graphitic structure by electron diffraction, HREM, EELS.The synthesis process used in this study is reported early. We utilized a composite anode of graphite and copper for arc evaporation in helium.

Heisenberg and double exchange in iron mixed valence [Fe6S6]+ supercluster

1997 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. CZERWINSKI ◽  
J. DĄBROWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Valence ◽  
Double Exchange

Theory for the mixed-valence state

1979 ◽  
Vol 40 (C5) ◽  
pp. C5-374-C5-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Varma
Keyword(s):  
Valence State ◽  
Mixed Valence ◽  
Mixed Valence State

MIXED VALENCE STATE OF Sm ON THE SURFACE OF AMORPHOUS La80-xSmxAu20 ALLOYS

1980 ◽  
Vol 41 (C8) ◽  
pp. C8-799-C8-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Krill ◽  
A. Amamou ◽  
A. Berrada ◽  
J. Durand ◽  
N. Hassanain
Keyword(s):  
Valence State ◽  
Mixed Valence ◽  
Mixed Valence State
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