The effect of salt and particle concentration on the dynamic self-assembly of detonation nanodiamonds in water

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir A. El-Demrdash ◽  
Reece Nixon-Luke ◽  
Lars Thomsen ◽  
Anton Tadich ◽  
Desmond W. M. Lau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Particle Concentration ◽  
Detonation Nanodiamonds ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Aqueous Suspensions

Detonation nanodiamonds self-assemble into fractal-like structures in aqueous suspensions. Our work shows that the size and shape of these structures strongly depend on the particle concentration but not on the ionic strength of the suspension.

scholarly journals Virus-Like Particles Produced Using the Brome Mosaic Virus Recombinant Capsid Protein Expressed in a Bacterial System

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3098
Author(s):  
Aleksander Strugała ◽  
Jakub Jagielski ◽  
Karol Kamel ◽  
Grzegorz Nowaczyk ◽  
Marcin Radom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Capsid Protein ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Brome Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Assembly Principles ◽  
The Impact

Virus-like particles (VLPs), due to their nanoscale dimensions, presence of interior cavities, self-organization abilities and responsiveness to environmental changes, are of interest in the field of nanotechnology. Nevertheless, comprehensive knowledge of VLP self-assembly principles is incomplete. VLP formation is governed by two types of interactions: protein–cargo and protein–protein. These interactions can be modulated by the physicochemical properties of the surroundings. Here, we used brome mosaic virus (BMV) capsid protein produced in an E. coli expression system to study the impact of ionic strength, pH and encapsulated cargo on the assembly of VLPs and their features. We showed that empty VLP assembly strongly depends on pH whereas ionic strength of the buffer plays secondary but significant role. Comparison of VLPs containing tRNA and polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSS) revealed that the structured tRNA profoundly increases VLPs stability. We also designed and produced mutated BMV capsid proteins that formed VLPs showing altered diameters and stability compared to VLPs composed of unmodified proteins. We also observed that VLPs containing unstructured polyelectrolyte (PSS) adopt compact but not necessarily more stable structures. Thus, our methodology of VLP production allows for obtaining different VLP variants and their adjustment to the incorporated cargo.

Switchable self-assembly of Prussian blue analogs nano-tiles triggered by salt stimulus

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 3188-3196 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Dedovets ◽  
P. Bauduin ◽  
J. Causse ◽  
L. Girard ◽  
O. Diat
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Prussian Blue Analogues ◽  
Prussian Blue Analogs ◽  
Superlattice Structures

We showed fully reversible, ionic strength controlled self-assembly of Prussian blue analogues nano-tiles into large superlattice structures.

The design of multifunctional nanomaterials through size and shape controlled nanocrystal self-assembly

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher B Murray ◽  
Daniel Rosen ◽  
Shengsong Yang ◽  
Yifan Ning ◽  
Cherie R. Kagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Shape Controlled ◽  
Multifunctional Nanomaterials

scholarly journals ANAPHYLAXIS IN CHOPPED GUINEA PIG LUNG

1961 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Austen ◽  
W. E. Brocklehurst
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Particle Concentration ◽  
Potassium Cyanide ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Aerobic Metabolism ◽  
Immune Hemolysis ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Third Component Of Complement

The anaphylactic release of histamine from perfused, chopped guinea pig lung is very sensitive to changes in the NaCl concentration of the containing medium, and it is ionic strength rather than particle concentration which is critical. Consequently, in studies with inhibitors care must be taken to avoid inadvertently increasing ionic strength and thereby misinterpreting the cause of the inhibition. Since immune hemolysis exhibits a similar sensitivity to changes in the NaCl concentration of the suspending medium, salicylaldoxime and phlorizin, which prevent the participation of the third component of complement in immune hemolysis, were investigated for their effect on the anaphylactic reaction. Salicylaldoxime is a potent inhibitor of in vitro anaphylaxis in guinea pig lung, but phlorizin is only a weak inhibitor. Potassium cyanide, 1 mM, inhibits the anaphylactic release of histamine most effectively if the duration of contact between the tissue and the cyanide prior to antigen addition is minimal; preincubation of the tissue with cyanide prior to antigen addition results in progressive diminution of inhibition even when there is only minimal loss of cyanide from the containing medium. The anaphylactic release of histamine from perfused whole lungs or suspensions of blood-free chopped lung is not prevented by the cytochrome oxidase inhibitor, carbon monoxide. In addition, 2-heptyl 4 hydroxyquinoline N oxide and malonic acid, which inhibit aerobic metabolism at different sites, do not prevent the reaction. These studies and those with cyanide indicate that the anaphylactic release of histamine in guinea pig lung is not dependent on cytochrome-mediated aerobic metabolism.

scholarly journals The sensitivity of SDI and MFI to a change in particle concentration and properties under saline conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-148
Author(s):  
N. Prihasto ◽  
Seung-Hyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Particle Concentration ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Saline Condition ◽  
Particle Properties ◽  
Silica Suspension ◽  
Density Index ◽  
Modified Fouling Index ◽  
Silt Density Index

The sensitivity of existing fouling indices of SDI (silt density index) and MFI (modified fouling index) to a change in particle concentration and properties was evaluated in this study. The MFI formula predicts an increased fouling tendency when the particle concentration increases and the particle size and density decrease. Consequently, concentration, size and density were selected as parameters to examine. For this purpose, silica particles and Aldrich humic acid (HA) were selected as target foulants because of the substantial difference in their size and density. According to this study, both SDI and MFI were sensitive to a change in particle properties of size and density, while MFI was more sensitive to a change in particle concentration than SDI. It is also found that the fouling tendency could be represented better by separate evaluation of T0 and T15 than SDI, at which the ratio of T0 and T15 is evaluated. T15 is found to be as sensitive as the MFI for both silica suspension and HA solution. The saline condition increased the fouling index. MFI and T15 were sensitive to a change in ionic strength. When inorganic and organic foulants were mixed, their relative proportion determined the fouling index values.

Some properties of spherical and rod-shaped semiconductor and metal nanocrystals

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 1675-1692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christy F. Landes ◽  
Stephan Link ◽  
Mona B. Mohamed ◽  
Babak Nikoobakht ◽  
Mostafa A. El-Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Raman Scattering ◽  
Spherical Particle ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Surrounding Medium ◽  
Cdse Nanocrystals ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Metal Nanocrystals ◽  
Enhanced Raman Scattering

In this paper, we summarize our results on the effect of changing size and shape of semiconductor and metallic nanocrystals. The change in size (from 3.5 to 1.1 nm) and shape (from spherical to rod) of CdSe nanocrystals is found to affect both their optical and nonradiative properties. In gold quasi-spherical nanocrystals, results on the dependence of the electron-phonon relaxation of the surrounding medium are presented. For gold nanorods, results and conclusions on the mechanism of their self-assembly are presented. Enhanced Raman scattering on their surfaces is studied and compared with that on spherical particle surfaces.

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