Ultrastretchable Conductive Liquid Metal Composites Enabled by Adaptive Interfacial Polarization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyan Cao ◽  
Xin Huang ◽  
Dong Lv ◽  
Liqing Ai ◽  
Weilong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Liquid Metals ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Interfacial Polarization ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Metal Composites ◽  
Conductive Liquid ◽  
Surface Energies ◽  
Metal Polymer

Gallium-based liquid metals (LMs) are emerging candidates for the development of metal/polymer-based flexible circuits in wearable electronics. However, the high surface energies of LMs make them easily depleted from polymer...

scholarly journals Voltage-induced penetration effect in liquid metals at room temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank F Yun ◽  
Zhenwei Yu ◽  
Yahua He ◽  
Lei Jiang ◽  
Zhao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Liquid Metals ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Tissue Paper ◽  
Penetration Effect ◽  
Liquid Metal Surface ◽  
Temperature Liquid

Abstract Room-temperature liquid metal is discovered to be capable of penetrating through macro- and microporous materials by applying a voltage. The liquid metal penetration effects are demonstrated in various porous materials such as tissue paper, thick and fine sponges, fabrics, and meshes. The underlying mechanism is that the high surface tension of liquid metal can be significantly reduced to near-zero due to the voltage-induced oxidation of the liquid metal surface in a solution. It is the extremely low surface tension and gravity that cause the liquid metal to superwet the solid surface, leading to the penetration phenomena. These findings offer new opportunities for novel microfluidic applications and could promote further discovery of more exotic fluid states of liquid metals.

scholarly journals Soft and Deformable Sensors Based on Liquid Metals

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (19) ◽  
pp. 4250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taeyeong Kim ◽  
Dong-min Kim ◽  
Bong Jae Lee ◽  
Jungchul Lee
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Liquid Metals ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Soft Robotics ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Conductive Materials ◽  
Metal Sensing

Liquid metals are one of the most interesting and promising materials due to their electrical, fluidic, and thermophysical properties. With the aid of their exceptional deformable natures, liquid metals are now considered to be electrically conductive materials for sensors and actuators, major constituent transducers in soft robotics, that can experience and withstand significant levels of mechanical deformation. For the upcoming era of wearable electronics and soft robotics, we would like to offer an up-to-date overview of liquid metal-based soft (thus significantly deformable) sensors mainly but not limited to researchers in relevant fields. This paper will thoroughly highlight and critically review recent literature on design, fabrication, characterization, and application of liquid metal devices and suggest scientific and engineering routes towards liquid metal sensing devices of tomorrow.

Fabrication of Soft and Stretchable Electronics Through Integration of Printed Silver Nanoparticles and Liquid Metal Alloy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Tavakoli ◽  
Mohammad H. Malakooti ◽  
Hugo Paisana ◽  
Yunsik Ohm ◽  
Daniel Green Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Liquid Metals ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Stretchable Electronics ◽  
Liquid Metal Alloy ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Complex Circuits

Liquid metal (LM) alloys such as eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) and gallium-indium-tin (Galinstan) have been used in the fabrication of soft and stretchable electronics during the past several years. The liquid-phase and high electrical conductivity of these materials make them one of the best candidates for fabrication of deformable electronics and multifunctional material systems. While liquid metals are highly reliable for fabrication of simple circuits and stretchable microfluidic devices, their application for producing complex circuits faces fabrication challenges due to their high surface tension and surface oxidization. In this study, we propose a scalable, cost-effective, and versatile technique to print complex circuits using silver nanoparticles and transform them into stretchable electronics by incorporating eutectic gallium indium alloys to the circuit. As a result, the deposited liquid metal considerably increases the electrical conductivity and stretchability of the fabricated electronics. The reliability and performance of these stretchable conductors are demonstrated by studying their electromechanical behavior and integrating them into skin-like electronics, termed electronic tattoos.

scholarly journals Liquid Metal Flow under Traveling Magnetic Field: Solidification Simulation and Pulsating Flow Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Shvydkiy ◽  
Egbert Baake ◽  
Diana Köppen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Neutron Radiography ◽  
Liquid Metals ◽  
Metal Flow ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Electromagnetic Stirring ◽  
Pulsation Frequency ◽  
Conductive Liquid ◽  
Traveling Magnetic Field

Non steady applied magnetic field impact on a liquid metals has good prospects for industry. For a better understanding of heat and mass transfer processes under these circumstances, numerical simulations are needed. A combination of finite elements and volumes methods was used to calculate the flow and solidification of liquid metal under electromagnetic influence. Validation of numerical results was carried out by means of measuring with ultrasound Doppler velocimetry technique, as well as with neutron radiography snapshots of the position and shape of the solid/liquid interface. As a result of the first part of the work, a numerical model of electromagnetic stirring and solidification was developed and validated. This model could be an effective tool for analyzing the electromagnetic stirring during the solidification process. In the second part, the dependences of the velocity pulsation amplitude and the melt velocity maximum value on the magnetic field pulsation frequency are obtained. It was found numerically the ability of the pulsating force action to develop higher values of the liquid metal velocity at a frequency close to the MHD resonance. Obtained characteristics give a more detailed description of the electrically conductive liquid behaviour under action of pulsating traveling magnetic field.

scholarly journals Sacrificial gold coating enhances transport of liquid metal in pressurized fountain pen lithography

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon I. Livshits ◽  
Jiannan Bao ◽  
Leo Sakamoto ◽  
Tomoki Misaka ◽  
Yuki Usami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Silicon Oxide ◽  
Liquid Metals ◽  
Sacrificial Layer ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Hydrodynamic Pressure ◽  
Injection Technique ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Functional Components

AbstractLiquid metals have attracted attention as functional components for moldable electronics, such as soft flexible connectors, wires or conductive ink. The relatively high surface tension (> 400 mN m−1) and the fact that liquid metals do not readily wet ceramic or oxide surfaces have led to devising unique techniques to spread the liquid and mold its shape. These techniques include surface modification, electrowetting and vacuum filling of channels. This work presents an injection technique based on pressurized fountain pen lithography with glass nanopipettes developed to directly pattern liquid metal on flat hard substrates. The liquid metals were eutectic alloys of Gallium, including Gallium-Indium (EGaIn), Gallium-Indium-Zinc and Gallium-Indium-Tin. The nanopipettes were coated internally with gold, acting as a sacrificial layer and facilitating the wetting of the pipette down to its pore, with an inner diameter of ~ 100–300 nm. By applying hydrodynamic pressure to the connected end of the pipette, the metal was extruded through the pore, forming long continuous (> 3 mm) and narrow (~ 1–15 µm) metal lines on silicon oxide and gold surfaces at room temperature and ambient conditions. With this robust platform, it is possible to pattern liquid metals on a variety of substrates and geometries down to the micron range.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Liquid Metal Based Wearable Electronics and Materials

iScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 102698
Author(s):  
Phillip Won ◽  
Seongmin Jeong ◽  
Carmel Majidi ◽  
Seung Hwan Ko
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Recent Advances

Liquid metal-based nanocomposite materials: Fabrication technology and applications

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Ota ◽  
Nyamjargal Ochirkhuyag ◽  
Ryosuke Matsuda ◽  
Zihao Song ◽  
Fumika Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Liquid Metals ◽  
Nanocomposite Materials ◽  
Fabrication Technology

Research on liquid metals has been steadily garnering more interest in recent times because the properties of these metals are conducive to flexible electronics applications; further, these metals are in...

scholarly journals Liquid Metals: Liquid Metal Marbles (Adv. Funct. Mater. 2/2013)

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Sivan ◽  
Shi-Yang Tang ◽  
Anthony P. O'Mullane ◽  
Phred Petersen ◽  
Nicky Eshtiaghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Liquid Metals
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