scholarly journals Bioinspired Micro/Nanomotors Towards Self-propelled Non-invasive Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afagh Rastmanesh ◽  
Mohammad Tavakkoli Yaraki ◽  
Jinyu Wu ◽  
Zihao Wang ◽  
Prachi Ghoderao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Smart Device ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Biomedical Diagnosis ◽  
Biological Motor

The last two decades have witnessed an extensive exploration of micro/nanomotors for effective biomedical diagnosis and therapy. A nanomotor is a tiny smart device inspired from biological motor that shows...

Efficiency of diagnosis and treatment non-invasive and microinvasive sgamous cell cervical cancer

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
M.M. Melnyk ◽  
◽  
S.V. Nespradko ◽  
I.V. Goncharuk ◽  
M.V. Marchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Key Words ◽  
National Cancer Institute ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Corpus Uteri ◽  
Complex Program ◽  
Early Cervical Cancer

The objective: analyse the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment for early cervical cancer. Materials and methods. Analysed 107 cases of women’s disease on CIN ІІІ, cancer in situ, they were on treatment in National cancer institute and Kyiv dictrict cancer dispensary from 2010 till 2015 years. Results. Diagnosed percent relapse CIN ІІІ, cancer in situ contain 4.57% uninvasive and invasive form – 0.94%. Conclusion. According diagnostic CIN ІІ and CIN ІІІ is recommended to do treatment conization and dynamic dispensary observation. Are making complex program of infection HPV16, 18. In appering of margins resection some elements of tumor after wider conization by forms of cancer in situ. Many of expansive burns in cervical glands, in making of reproductive function, going disease (nodel leiomyoma of corpus uteri etc). In perspective is accept the notion of looking after and screening research of considering infection HPV16, 18 on CIN І, CIN ІІ. Key words: cervical cancer, сancer in situ, CIN І–ІІІ, diagnostic, treatment, conization.

Role of exosomes in diagnosis and therapy of prostate cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-405
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Fontana ◽  
Olga A. Babenko
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
The Future ◽  
Important Direction ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Aim of this letter is to attract the attention of journal readers to the study of exosomes as an important direction in the development of Oncology, in particular, in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Exosomes are produced by tumor cells and regulate proliferation, metastasis, and the development of chemoresistance. Their extraction from biological fluids allows further use of these vesicles as potential biomarkers of prostate cancer. In the future, exosomes can be successfully used in the delivery of drugs and other anti-tumor substances to cancer cells.

Functions and potential of lipocalin-2 as fecal biomarker for acute gastrointestinal infections (review of literature)

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 371-373
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Dmitrievna Lyutsova ◽  
M. D. Gospodinova ◽  
Y. D. Bocheva
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Structure Function ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Lipocalin 2 ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Intestinal Infections

Despite the visible progress in reducing morbidity and mortality from intestinal infections and acute diarrhea associated with them, especially in childhood, the problem of their diagnosis and treatment remains relevant. The article discusses the structure, function and application of lipocalin-2 in infectious diseases as a non-invasive biomarker of bacterial inflammation in the intestine.

MicroRNAs: New non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic method for cancer treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Tamadir Aledani ◽  
Kassim Abdulkareem
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Messenger Rnas ◽  
Multiple Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Tumor Suppressive Mirnas ◽  
Exciting Possibility

Background: Cancer is a global health problem and the main cause of mortality. Most cancerassociated cases of mortality are the consequences of lack of effective treatment and biomarkers for early diagnosis. New hopes for the improvement of the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer synchronize with the emergence of microRNAs (miRNAs). MicroRNAs are small, noncoding, single-stranded RNAs, the length of which is approximately 18–25 nucleotides and which bind to 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) of the target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), leading to mRNA degradation or translational inhibition; thereby regulating gene expression posttranscriptionally. Aim: Using microRNAs as promising and potential biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic targets. Methods: The microRNA expression changes in peripheral blood and can be assayed using non-invasive, low-cost, precise, and rapid tools. Results: It is noteworthy that miRNAs participate in multiple cancer-related biological processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, drug resistance, invasion, and metastasis. Interestingly, the identified cancer-associated miRNAs, including over-expressed oncogenic miRNAs (oncomiRs) or underexpressed tumor-suppressive miRNAs, are diverse and specific for different tissues and cancer types. Conclusion: The genetic testing of microRNAs opens up the exciting possibility of early diagnosis and treatment before the onset of metastasis. Keywords: microRNAs, gene silencing, circulating biomarkers, cancer diagnosis, anticancer therapy, miRNAs detection.

Medical Epitome

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-138
Author(s):  
Petros Bouras-Vallianatos
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Invasive Techniques

This chapter examines John’s Medical Epitome. The focus here is on the first four of its six books. In contrast to the established view that this work was intended for physicians, it is argued that it was primarily written for philiatroi, intellectuals who were deeply interested in medicine, but not practising physicians themselves. The Medical Epitome, unlike John’s other two works, mainly consisted of material from earlier sources. The analysis of the text starts with a close reading of John’s proem and a discussion of the background of his dedicatee, the Byzantine statesman Alexios Apokaukos. It then shifts to an examination of the work’s structure with the aim of emphasizing John’s intentions in putting together his material. The analysis proceeds by way of a number of case studies focusing on diagnosis and therapy, and goes on to show that John intentionally condensed his material, removing specialized advice, so as to make it appeal to non-expert readers. Thus it is shown, for example, that the absence of details on invasive operations is consistent with the character of his intended readers, who were only able to use non-invasive techniques, such as phlebotomy and arteriotomy. Finally, the particular attention John paid to differential diagnosis, especially as regards eye affections, which is often supplemented with his own advice, is highlighted.

scholarly journals Vital Block and Vital Sign Server for ECG and Vital Sign Monitoring in a Portable u-Vital System

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1089
Author(s):  
Tae Wuk Bae ◽  
Kee Koo Kwon ◽  
Kyu Hyung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Smart Device ◽  
Blood Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Real Time Processing ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wireless Protocols ◽  
Point Detection

An important function in the future healthcare system involves measuring a patient’s vital signs, transmitting the measured vital signs to a smart device or a management server, analyzing it in real-time, and informing the patient or medical staff. Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) incorporates information technology (IT) into patient monitoring device (PMD) and is developing traditional measurement devices into healthcare information systems. In the study, a portable ubiquitous-Vital (u-Vital) system is developed and consists of a Vital Block (VB), a small PMD, and Vital Sign Server (VSS), which stores and manages measured vital signs. Specifically, VBs collect a patient’s electrocardiogram (ECG), blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), non-invasive blood pressure (NiBP), body temperature (BT) in real-time, and the collected vital signs are transmitted to a VSS via wireless protocols such as WiFi and Bluetooth. Additionally, an efficient R-point detection algorithm was also proposed for real-time processing and long-term ECG analysis. Experiments demonstrated the effectiveness of measurement, transmission, and analysis of vital signs in the proposed portable u-Vital system.

scholarly journals Advancements in Canadian Biomaterials Research in Neurotraumatic Diagnosis and Therapies

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzan Chen ◽  
Angela Auriat ◽  
Tongda Li ◽  
Taisa Stumpf ◽  
Ryan Wylie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Patient Diagnosis ◽  
Axonal Tracing ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Canadian Research

Development of biomaterials for the diagnosis and treatment of neurotraumatic ailments has been significantly advanced with our deepened knowledge of the pathophysiology of neurotrauma. Canadian research in the fields of biomaterial-based contrast agents, non-invasive axonal tracing, non-invasive scaffold imaging, scaffold patterning, 3D printed scaffolds, and drug delivery are conquering barriers to patient diagnosis and treatment for traumatic injuries to the nervous system. This review highlights some of the highly interdisciplinary Canadian research in biomaterials with a focus on neurotrauma applications.

Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment of Hemochromatosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Zoller ◽  
Benjamin Henninger
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
Hepatic Iron ◽  
Iron Storage ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Tissue Iron

Hemochromatosis is a common cause of chronic liver disease and HFE genotyping allows decisive and non-invasive diagnosis. Molecular and clinical genetic studies have led to the identification of genes other than HFE in patients with inherited diseases associated with increased hepatic iron storage that can cause hemochromatosis, which adds complexity to a diagnostic approach to patients with suspected hemochromatosis. Despite major advances in genetics, hepatic iron quantification by non-invasive methods therefore remains the key to the diagnosis of hemochromatosis. Although associated with homozygosity for the C282Y polymorphism in the HFE gene in >80% of patients, hemochromatosis is a complex genetic disease with strong environmental disease modifiers. Testing for mutations in the non-HFE hemochromatosis genes transferrin receptor 2, hemojuvelin, HAMP and SLC40A1 is complex, costly and time-consuming. Demonstration of hepatic iron overload by liver biopsy or MRI is therefore required before such complex tests are carried out. The pathogenesis of chronic liver disease in hemochromatosis is mainly attributed to the redox potential of tissue iron, and only the more recent studies have focused on the toxic properties of circulating iron. Considering the fact that an increased saturation of transferrin and high iron in plasma are the hallmark of all hemochromatosis forms, an alternative view would be that toxic iron in the circulation is involved in the pathogenesis of hemochromatosis. Recent studies have shown an increased concentration of redox-active iron in plasma in patients with increased transferrin saturation. This finding supports the hypothesis that tissue iron may be the ‘smoking gun' of iron-induced organ damage. Taken together, caring for patients with suspected or established hemochromatosis still remains a challenge, where understanding the genetics, biochemistry and cell biology of hemochromatosis will aid better diagnosis and treatment of affected individuals.

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