Carbon-Based Electrode for Perovskite Solar Cells

Aim & Scope: Metal halide perovskitehave been regarded as promising classes of materials for photovoltaics and optoelectronic devices, owing to the unique characteristics, such as long charge carrier diffusion lengths, precise tunable bandgaps, high light absorption coefficients, and high defect tolerance. Research on perovskite in the fields including photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes, lasers, X-ray imaging, and photodetectors has been gaining increasingly interest over the past years. Up to now, the efficiency of perovskite solar cells has grown from 3.8% in single-junction solar cells in 2009 to more than 25%, catching up the efficiency level of commercial silicon cells. Up to now, the key issues of perovskite photovoltaics and optoelectronic devices have become the stability, performance and large-scale production. This requires optimization of the film morphology, interface, device structure and the fabrication process. A lot work has been done on this issue and has made remarkable progress. We kindly invite you to submit a manuscript(s) for this Special Issue. Full papers, communications, and reviews are all welcome.

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Crack engineering for the construction of arbitrary hierarchical architectures

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1915332116 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 116 (48) ◽

pp. 23909-23914 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Wanbo Li ◽

Miao Yu ◽

Jing Sun ◽

Kentaro Mochizuki ◽

Siyu Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Signal Transmission ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Hierarchical Structures ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Scale Production ◽

Biomimetic Materials ◽

Large Scale Production ◽

Elastic Crack ◽

The Cost

Three-dimensional hierarchical morphologies widely exist in natural and biomimetic materials, which impart preferential functions including liquid and mass transport, energy conversion, and signal transmission for various applications. While notable progress has been made in the design and manufacturing of various hierarchical materials, the state-of-the-art approaches suffer from limited materials selection, high costs, as well as low processing throughput. Herein, by harnessing the configurable elastic crack engineering—controlled formation and configuration of cracks in elastic materials—an effect normally avoided in various industrial processes, we report the development of a facile and powerful technique that enables the faithful transfer of arbitrary hierarchical structures with broad material compatibility and structural and functional integrity. Our work paves the way for the cost-effective, large-scale production of a variety of flexible, inexpensive, and transparent 3D hierarchical and biomimetic materials.

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Cotton soot derived carbon nanoparticles for NiO supported processing temperature tuned ambient perovskite solar cells

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-02796-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shubhranshu Bhandari ◽

Anurag Roy ◽

Mir Sahidul Ali ◽

Tapas Kumar Mallick ◽

Senthilarasu Sundaram

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

High Temperature ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Carbon Nanoparticles ◽

Large Scale ◽

Cell Structure ◽

Perovskite Solar Cells ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Processing Temperature ◽

Carbon Based

AbstractThe emergence of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in a "catfish effect" of other conventional photovoltaic technologies with the massive growth of high-power conversion efficiency (PCE) has given a new direction to the entire solar energy field. Replacing traditional metal-based electrodes with carbon-based materials is one of the front-runners among many other investigations in this field due to its cost-effective processability and high stability. Carbon-based perovskite solar cells (c-PSCs) have shown great potential for the development of large scale photovoltaics. First of its kind, here we introduce a facile and cost-effective large scale carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) synthesis from mustard oil assisted cotton combustion for utilization in the mesoporous carbon-based perovskite solar cell (PSC). Also, we instigate two different directions of utilizing the carbon nanoparticles for a composite high temperature processed electrode (HTCN) and a low temperature processed electrode (LTCN) with detailed performance comparison. NiO/CNP composite thin film was used in high temperature processed electrodes, and for low temperature processed electrodes, separate NiO and CNP layers were deposited. The HTCN devices with the cell structure FTO/c-TiO2/m-TiO2/m-ZrO2/high-temperature NiO-CNP composite paste/infiltrated MAPI (CH3NH3PbI3) achieved a maximum PCE of 13.2%. In addition, high temperature based carbon devices had remarkable stability of ~ 1000 h (ambient condition), retaining almost 90% of their initial efficiency. In contrast, LTCN devices with configuration FTO/c-TiO2/m-TiO2/m-ZrO2/NiO/MAPI/low-temperature CNP had a PCE limit of 14.2%, maintaining ~ 72% of the initial PCE after 1000 h. Nevertheless, we believe this promising approach and the comparative study between the two different techniques would be highly suitable and adequate for the upcoming cutting-edge experimentations of PSC.

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Use of Industrial Wastes as Sustainable Nutrient Sources for Bacterial Cellulose (BC) Production: Mechanism, Advances, and Future Perspectives

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13193365 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (19) ◽

pp. 3365

Author(s):

Abudukeremu Kadier ◽

R.A. Ilyas ◽

M.R.M. Huzaifah ◽

Nani Harihastuti ◽

S.M. Sapuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Cellulose ◽

Large Scale ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Industrial Wastes ◽

Scale Production ◽

High Concentration ◽

Nutrient Sources ◽

Large Scale Production ◽

The Cost

A novel nanomaterial, bacterial cellulose (BC), has become noteworthy recently due to its better physicochemical properties and biodegradability, which are desirable for various applications. Since cost is a significant limitation in the production of cellulose, current efforts are focused on the use of industrial waste as a cost-effective substrate for the synthesis of BC or microbial cellulose. The utilization of industrial wastes and byproduct streams as fermentation media could improve the cost-competitiveness of BC production. This paper examines the feasibility of using typical wastes generated by industry sectors as sources of nutrients (carbon and nitrogen) for the commercial-scale production of BC. Numerous preliminary findings in the literature data have revealed the potential to yield a high concentration of BC from various industrial wastes. These findings indicated the need to optimize culture conditions, aiming for improved large-scale production of BC from waste streams.

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The Research of Production Process Statistical Steady-State Based on the Hypothesis Test

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.314-316.2433 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 314-316 ◽

pp. 2433-2438

Author(s):

Wei Zhi Wang

Keyword(s):

Quality Control ◽

Steady State ◽

Production Process ◽

Quantitative Method ◽

Large Scale ◽

Hypothesis Test ◽

Influence Factors ◽

Normal Operation ◽

Scale Production ◽

Large Scale Production

By only applying a after the event exam in the quality control of the batch production is not enough to meet the needs of modern large-scale production. To a certain extent, modern quality control is a dynamic process of the steady-state judge and adjustment. A simple and reliable steady-state judge rule and method is the premise to guarantee the normal operation. This paper provides a quantitative method to evaluate production process steady-state by analyzing influence factors based on mathematical statistics. The method is both suitable for simple production process and complex production process with sub-processes.

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Fullerene-free polymer solar cells processed from non-halogenated solvents in air with PCE of 4.8%

Chemical Communications ◽

10.1039/c6cc08939a ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 53 (6) ◽

pp. 1164-1167 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Sergey V. Dayneko ◽

Arthur D. Hendsbee ◽

Gregory C. Welch

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Organic Solar Cells ◽

Large Scale ◽

Polymer Solar Cells ◽

Scale Production ◽

Large Scale Production ◽

Halogenated Solvents

Progress towards practical organic solar cells amenable to large scale production is reported.

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Foaming of rhamnolipids fermentation: impact factors and fermentation strategies

Microbial Cell Factories ◽

10.1186/s12934-021-01516-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zhijin Gong ◽

Ge Yang ◽

Chengchuan Che ◽

Jinfeng Liu ◽

Meiru Si ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Production Process ◽

Large Scale ◽

Commercial Production ◽

Impact Factors ◽

Scale Production ◽

Large Scale Production ◽

Foaming Behavior ◽

Production Strategies ◽

Potential Applications ◽

And Control

AbstractRhamnolipids have recently attracted considerable attentions because of their excellent biosurfactant performance and potential applications in agriculture, environment, biomedicine, etc., but severe foaming causes the high cost of production, restraining their commercial production and applications. To reduce or eliminate the foaming, numerous explorations have been focused on foaming factors and fermentation strategies, but a systematic summary and discussion are still lacking. Additionally, although these studies have not broken through the bottleneck of foaming, they are conducive to understanding the foaming mechanism and developing more effective rhamnolipids production strategies. Therefore, this review focuses on the effects of fermentation components and control conditions on foaming behavior and fermentation strategies responded to the severe foaming in rhamnolipids fermentation and systematically summarizes 6 impact factors and 9 fermentation strategies. Furthermore, the potentialities of 9 fermentation strategies for large-scale production are discussed and some further strategies are suggested. We hope this review can further facilitate the understanding of foaming factors and fermentation strategies as well as conducive to developing the more effective large-scale production strategies to accelerate the commercial production process of rhamnolipids.

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Transgenic goats producing an improved version of cetuximab in milk

10.1101/2020.06.05.137463 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Götz Laible ◽

Sally Cole ◽

Brigid Brophy ◽

Paul Maclean ◽

Li How Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mammalian Cells ◽

Large Scale ◽

Growth Factor Receptor ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Scale Production ◽

Cancer Treatments ◽

Large Scale Production ◽

Immunogenic Epitope ◽

Dependent Cell ◽

Transgenic Goats

ABSTRACTTherapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) represent one of the most important classes of pharmaceutical proteins to treat human diseases. Most are produced in cultured mammalian cells which is expensive, limiting their availability. Goats, striking a good balance between a relatively short generation time and copious milk yield, present an alternative platform for the cost-effective, flexible, large-scale production of therapeutic mAbs. Here, we focused on cetuximab, a mAb against epidermal growth factor receptor, that is commercially produced under the brand name Erbitux and approved for anti-cancer treatments. We generated several transgenic goat lines that produce cetuximab in their milk. Two lines were selected for detailed characterization. Both showed stable genotypes and cetuximab production levels of up to 10g/L. The mAb could be readily purified and showed improved characteristics compared to Erbitux. The goat-produced cetuximab (gCetuximab) lacked a highly immunogenic epitope that is part of Erbitux. Moreover, it showed enhanced binding to CD16 and increased antibody-dependent cell-dependent cytotoxicity compared to Erbitux. This indicates that these goats produce an improved cetuximab version with the potential for enhanced effectiveness and better safety profile compared to treatments with Erbitux. In addition, our study validates transgenic goats as an excellent platform for large-scale production of therapeutic mAbs.

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Biotechnological valorization of agro industrial and household wastes for lactic acid production

Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología ◽

10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v21n1.69284 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 113-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Juliana Romo-Buchelly ◽

María Rodríguez-Torres ◽

Fernando Orozco-Sánchez

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Large Scale ◽

Lactic Acid Production ◽

Scale Production ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Large Scale Production ◽

Different Types ◽

High Transformation ◽

Transformation Potential ◽

The Cost

Lactic acid (LA) is an organic compound used in several industries, such as food, textile, chemical, and pharmaceutical. The global interest in this product is due to its use for the synthesis of numerous chemical compounds, including polylactic acid, a biode-gradable thermoplastic and substitute for petroleum-derived plastics. An in-depth overview of the use of industrial and household wastes as inexpensive substrates in order to reduce the cost of LA production is presented. A review is carried out of the biotech-nological aspects that must be taken into account when using some wastes with high transformation potential to produce LA in a submerged culture, as well recommendations for their use. The advantages and disadvantages of different types of treatments used for the transformation of waste into suitable substrates are considered. Several methods of fermentation, as well as genetic strategies for increasing the production, are summarized and compared. It is expected that in a few years there will be many ad-vances in these areas that will allow greater large-scale production of LA using agroindustrial or household wastes, with potential positive economic and environmental impact in some regions of the planet.

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